Biography
Umpostile uPawulos akazange anxibelelane noYesu Krestu ngobomi bakhe basemhlabeni, akazange angene kwisoba sabafundi esikufuphi soMsindisi, okanye ngenani labashumayeli abangamashumi asixhenxe. Kwibhayiloji ye-biint Saint kukho amabala amnyama kunye neziganeko ezingacacanga. UPavel-ekuqaleni, umchasi wayo nayiphi na imfundiso, umtshutshisi wokholo, kodwa izicatshulwa ezibhalelelwe kwisiseko seTestamente eNtsha yeTestamente eNtsha, kwaye umpostile ngokwakhe wafumana eyona nto ihlonitshwayo AbaNgcwele abangamaKristu.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Ayisiyo yonke i-Saint eyaziwa ngokuba ngumhla wokuzalwa. UPawulos kule meko ngaphandle, umbuzo kuphela ngokuchanekileyo. Abaphandi babengafikeleli kuluvo oluqhelekileyo: mhlawumbi lo mpostile wazalelwa phakathi kwe-6 ne-10 yenkulungwane yokuqala, okanye kunyaka wesi-5. Ibizwa ngokuba ngumhla ochanekileyo ngokupheleleyo-25 kaMeyi iminyaka esi-7.
Abazali bakaPawulos bavela emathayeni, esona sixeko siphambili seKilisia. Ukusukela ekuzalweni kukaSaint ogadwazekileyo kuluntu, ngenxa yokuba engazalwanga kuphela kwintsapho esisityebi, kodwa inesimo sommi waseRoma. Imbeko enjalo yayizukile kubo bonke abahlali bobukumkani obudala obunamandla. Ummi waseRoma wayenamalungelo athile: Akazange akohlwayi kunye nesigwebo senkunkuma, ngaphandle kwesigqibo senkundla, kwaye ukuba awunakuvumelana nezigqibo zejaji yendawo, bendinelungelo ukufaka isicelo kwiNkundla yeCesarevv.
Ekuqaleni, inkwenkwe ibibizwa ngokuba yiShale, ukuzukisa uKumkani uSawule edongeni yeVenimiyav, apho kwakukhutshwa khona uTata katata wakhe. Kucingelwa ukuba usapho lweli shishini lemveliso yokuveliswa kweendwangu okanye iimpahla zesikhumba, kwaye uKela wafundiswa bubugcisa bokwenza iintente ukuze baziphile.
Ukuqala kokuqala kwe-Saml efunyenwe ekhaya. UBawo wathandazeka unyana wokuzukisa iTora, intanda-bulumko yelam. Umpostile wexesha elizayo wandise i-the hasider yomYuda kaHatalian, waphumelela kubuYuda abangaphezulu koontanga, abazange bahlale ecaleni kwentshukumo yamaKristu yaqala. Kodwa, njengabo bonke abaFarisi, kucingelwa ukuba uMbuso wamaYuda wawususa uMesiya uza kuphakamisa, kwaye kwakungekho kuphephe xa uMsindisi waza wangena kumfundisi waziwayo waseNazarete, kwaye ngaphandle kwebethelele emnqamlezweni.
I-Sawl, ephethe ingqondo ephilayo kunye nemfundo ebonakalayo, echukunyiswe ngamaKristu, kodwa yeza kuphumelela igwetyiwe ngendlela yokholo, ngenxa yoko wawa nalo kwaye wakugqala umtshabalalisi wamaKristu.
Ngokophandi beentsikelelo zompostile, uPawulos wayeyinxalenye yeSedrin - iziko lenkolo eliphakamileyo elalisebenza imisebenzi yenkundla. Ngokutsho kweTestamente eNtsha, iziko elifanayo lenze isigwebo sentambo kuYesu Krestu. Kukholelwa ukuba yayibanjelwe nje kwi-sedrinion, uPawulos waqala ukuba nekhwele ngokholo lobuKristu, waqala ukubalandela abaxhasi bakaKristu.
Kwimicimbi yabapostile, ithi loo nzondelelo ithi: "Kwimicimbi yabapostile, ithi le nto ilungileyo ithe yafaka ilungelo lokuvalelwa entolongweni. Okokuqala ngqa, igama leSavla - ikamva lompostile likhankanywe eBhayibhileni kwisiqendu esinxulunyaniswa nokuphunyezwa kweSt. Stefano, umfeli woKristu wokuqala. Ukusuka kwi "Izenzo" ezifanayo ezaziwa ukuba iinyawo ze-Sawlie Stephen zibeka iimpahla zawo kunye nompostile wexesha elizayo "wamvumile ukubulala."
Ubulungiseleli bobuKristu
Iziganeko zeDamasko zenzekile emva kokuba ukubulawa kukaStefano kwaba kukuguquka ebomini bukaWarla. Ilungu leSedriner laphela ilungelo lokulandela amaKristu eDamasko. Endleleni eya kwiSixeko saseSaori, kwakukho into eyayisabuThixo - intsika evuthayo kunye nelizwi elibizwa ngokuba yinkonzo yabapostile. I-satellite yompostile elizayo ilive izwi, kodwa ayibonanga ukukhanya. Watla, woyiswa bumfama, wasiwa eDamasko, apho wachitha khona iintsuku ezintathu emphefumlweni, wakhawuleza wacela ukuxolelwa. Ngosuku lwesithathu, umKristu wengingqi u-Anyanyang Wanya abhaptiziweyo, kwaye ngexesha lesakramente.
Isibakala sokuba iNkosi ayixoxwa nguSanla kuMoya oyiNgcwele, kodwa yenze ngokwakhekile, ukuba le ndoda imbi itshintshe kakhulu, inikelwe kukuthanda kukaThixo, kuthetha ntoni ngokuphumla.
Ngokwamaqela abafundisi bezakwalizwi, iziganeko eziphantsi kweDamasko -bungqina obucacileyo bokuba uPawulos wazibandakanya neemfundiso zikaKristu ngaphandle kokuba ngabafundi bakhe, ngenxa yokuba umsindisa wabalandeli bakaYesu, ngenxa yoko kumgaqo awunakwenzeka. Kwimeko e nePavl, isibongozo sakhe kukuloba ngenene, isityhilelo esikhulu. Kwimiyalezo eya kwabaseGalati, kuyaphikisana oko
"Umpostile uPawulos, azange anyulwe ngumntu engabantu, kodwa ngoYesu Krestu noThixo uYise, wamvusile kwabafileyo.Isibongozo sikaPawulos kubuKristu sabangela ingqumbo phakathi kwamaYuda. Owayemva wangaphambili ukholo wayelifihlile eYerusalem, apho wadibana nabanye abapostile. Kunye nompostile, i-Vernavoy yaqhubeka nohambo, izisa iimfundiso zikaKristu ebantwini. Ekuqaleni amaKristu akazange azibone ukuba izibheno zikaPawulos, njengoko babekhumbula ngaphambili. Kukholelwa ukuba i-varnabas, kunye nompostile uPetros, yanceda esandul 'ukwaziwa ukuba ngoobani na owenze ngogonyamelo.
Ukukholelwa kuKristu kubeka inkcaso kuye lonke uPaul. Waphinda waphinda wabhalwa kwindoda entsha - umKristu ongumzekelo ongumzekelo, owenza isenzo sakhe, naphina, kunye noYesu Kristu. Lo mpostile uchithe iminyaka eli-14 kuhambo lwe-Asiya, ukusuka embindini we-Asia ukuya eRoma, kwaye, ngokutsho kwebala laseSpain naseBritani. Ngo-51, uSt. UPawulos wathatha inxaxheba kwiCawa yabaPostile eYerusalem, apho wakuchasa khona isidingo sabahedeni abayamkelayo ubuKristu, bahlala ngamazwe omthetho kaMoses.
Ngexesha lokuhamba, uPavloma kunye ne-varnava basekwe kwiindawo zamaKristu kwizixeko ze-icon nakwiAteoks pihidi, iAthene neKorinte kunye nezinye iindawo zokuhlala. Kwisixeko sase-SIRTRA, abapostile baphilisa i-chrome. Abemi, babone ummangaliso, bavakalisa uPawulos noBharnava aba thixo kwaye bashenxisa ukuba abazise amaxhoba, kodwa abapostile bakwazile ukuphepha isilingo ukuba silingane neNkosi.
Ngokuchasene noko, abaNgcwele baqinisekisa abantu ukuba bangamadoda alula. Kwangelo xesha, uPawulos wafumana umfundi wokwenene uTimofey, umshumayeli we-evangeli wangena kwigogo. I-Saint ijikeleze ngeentshumayelo ze-balkan peninsula neCyprus, apho yayirhoxa khona kukholo lwe-bhigimusuus.
Intsomi ibalisa ukuba i-prosonlul yamenza i-the the the the the the the, kodwa, yindoda enobunganga, yaba nomdla kwiimfundiso ezithi zikulondoloze undwendwe lwayo. Nangona kunjalo, umYuda walapho vaiovvs, uXetegius phantse wakuthathela ingqalelo iwizadi, ngandlela zonke uthintele oku. UPawulos wayeka ukusondela, ummangaliso kaJavil - i-Veianus Opplex. I-proconsirli echaphazelekayo yamkelwe ubhaptizo. Ukususela ngoku kwirekhodi yokuhamba ebizwa ngokuba ngumpostile uPawulos.
Kucingelwa ukuba umKristu otshatileyo wacebisa ukuba umpostile ukukhusela, oko kuthetha ukubanjwa kwegama lomphithiji. Nangona kunjalo, uJohn Zlatoun unamathele ngoluvo lokuba i-sancel yaqala ukubizwa ngokuba yiPavel emva kokuthathwa komntwana wakhe obhaptiziweyo ukusuka ku-St. Ubungqina besi siko lamaYuda ukuba sibhiyozele igama lezinto zegama lemicimbi yobomi.
Ngokulandelayo kwiSibhalo Engcwele, umpostile uPawulos wathi "phathiswe ubuvangeli ngenxa engalukanga njengoPetros ngenxa yolwaluko." Ngamanye amagama, uPeter, ukuhamba kwesuka kwelaseGalili, ekunganikelwanga kwangamanye amazwe, washumayela phakathi kwamaYuda. Ngaphambi kokuba uPawulos, kwakunzima ukuphatha iLizwi likaThixo kwezinye izizwe ezihlala kwindawo yeMeditera nangaphaya.
Kumyalezo wesibini kwabaseKorinte, umpostile uPawulos wachaza ubulungiseleli bakhe njengesenzo ngokuchasene nokuhlaselwa kwamaYuda. Ngokungafaniyo nabanye abapostile, abafudula balivumela ukuba bahambise ngokukhululekileyo kwitorara, kwaye ke iintshumayelo zakhe zenza ukuba zibonakale, ezo zichasa abaFarisi. Ukubakho kwenzeke ukuba uPawulos uyivele kwindalo yokuzithemba njengomntu, ongcono kunabanye abantu abajongane nemibuzo yobuKristu, eyayaziyo ".
Ukushumayela phakathi kwabantu abaqhelekileyo, lo mpostile wayedla ngokusetyenziswa ngokuthelekisa, ekholelwa ukuba kube lula ukudlulisela iingcinga. Ke, eKorinte, kukhuphiswano lwezemidlalo lwalubanjwe, ophumeleleyo wafumana uLaurel Wreah.
Kwisigidimi sabaseKorinte, uPawulos wathelekisa ukufunyanwa kwebhaso likaThixo kunye nehlelo lemidlalo, apho amahlungulu osontiweyo sisithuthwathiso sobomi banaphakade. Kodwa kuphela owenza inkanuko kunye nekratshi, owenza imigudu yabo kwaye aphile ngokuziqeqesha njengophumeleleyo njengophumeleleyo kwimidlalo.
"Iproses yobomi, ephila ebomini, kwaye bambalwa ababafumana ... imiphefumlo emininzi, kodwa bambalwa abanyuliweyo."USS. UPawulos wafundisa ukuba izinto ezintathu zidityanisiwe emntwini - umzimba, umoya nomphefumlo. Umzimba wayo nawuphi na umntu yitempile apho i-pericle yohlala khona. Umoya womntu yinxalenye engenakuthintelwa, enxibelelana nesona siqalo siphezulu, sibonisa umoya kaThixo. Umphefumlo bonakalisa ubomi obuphambili, ogubungela ingqondo yomntu, ubuchule nentliziyo. Kwangelo xesha, ingqondo ayisiyo ukuqonda okuqhelekileyo okanye ingqondo, kodwa nendlela, utyekelo lokucinga, ukuva, uluvo.
UPawulos wazonwabela iingcinga "zentliziyo" kunye "nesazela". Eyokuqala ekuqondeni lo mpostile imelwe liziko lobomi bangaphakathi lomntu, apho amava okomoya agcinwa khona. Isazela sisebenza njengejaji yangaphakathi kunye nomthetho, umlinganiso wezenzo zomntu.
Ukuguqukela kubaphulaphuli beentshumayelo, i-Saint babiza abathandisi ukuba bashiye umthwalo wamadala, bangayikhathalelanga intloko, uthando ngokunyaniseka, ukuba bangaziphindezeli abatshutshisi, " ebubini.
Ukufa
Ngokutsho kwembali, ngexesha lohambo olulandelayo uPawulos eYerusalem, abantu baseJuda basuswa ukuba babulale lo mpostile. Ukusuka embekweni weSaint wasindisa amandla eRoma, kodwa uPawulos wayevalelwe, awachitha iminyaka emibini. Umnxibelelanisi wengingqi wayengasebenzi, kwaye uPawulos wafaka isicelo sokukhululwa kwenkululeko ye-CSI.
Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yomthetho yommi waseRoma, zadluliselwa kwisixeko esinguNaphakade, apho wayehlala khona kangangexesha elithile kwinkululeko, kodwa phantsi kwengqondo. Ngeli xesha, lo mpostile watyelela iMalta, i-Efese, eMakedoni, wabhala imiyalezo eya kwabaseFilipi, amaYuda asePalestina, aye kuTimophu.
Emva koko uPaul wabuyela eRoma washumayela kwiNkundla ye-Emperor uNero, eyayilola entolongweni. Emva kweenyanga ezi-9, umgaqo-nkqubo wayeka intloko yakhe. Kukholelwa ukuba u-Abbazan wase-Ableazea ongona ne-fontane ye-fontane snastery kwindawo yokubulawa kwabantu. Kwaye kwindawo yokungcwatywa kwabafundi baseSt. UPawulos washiya umqondiso, emva kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini, i-Emperor Konstantin wayinyusa i-San Payo furi Le mura kule ndawo.
Icawa yamaKristu yafakwa imini yopostile eNgcwele yeRhinestone Petros noPaul. E-Orthodoxy, iholide ibhiyozelwe nge-12 kaJulayi-Kakum-29. Ngolu suku, umntu akafanele azibandakanye kwimicimbi yezoqoqosho- ukusuka kwinkonzo yecawa kufuneka abuyiselwe kwindlu esele isusiwe. Emithandazweni, abangcwele bakaPaul noPetros bahlala bekhankanywa kunye, phambi kwe icon yeSt. Paul, kungumntu wokuziphilisa ngokomoya, malunga nokunikwa amandla kwishishini lomzimba kunye nesibheno kuKristu .
Imemori
- I-1080 - ICawa eyiNtloko yoNgcwele kaPeter noPaul (Prague)
- 1410 - UAndrei Roblev, "ngumpostile uPawulos"
- 1587-1592 - El Kerco, "Prestiter Petros"
- 1619 - I-Diego Velasquez, "UPaul Paul"
- 1629 - URemmrandt Wang Rhine, "umpostile uPawulos eDokton"
- I-1708 - i-st.
- I-1840 - Ikamva likaPaul (Basilica di San Payo furi le mura, rome)
- Ngo-1845 - Icawe yabepostile abaNgcwele noPaul noPaul (Moscow)
- Ngo-1875 - Vasily surikov, "umpostile uPawulos ucacisa iimfundiso zokholo lwenkosi"
- I-1887 - Icawe yeSt. Paul (Riga)