Biography
UYohane umbhaptizi, unguYohane uMphambili, wahlonitshwa ngamaKristu njengowakho kwangaphambili bakaYesu Kristu. Kwi-orthodoxy - eyona nto yesibini ibalulekileyo emva konina ongcwele kaThixo. Egameni likaYohane, iitempile ezininzi zinikezelwa eRashiya nasehlabathini. AmaSilamsi, uMandy noBahai babizwa ngokuba ngumprofeti ukuba uYwiha, i-Arabrickyuzzzzzuti-yuhahanen. Njengoko ubuntu obubezezimbali buvela 'kumazwe aqishi "kaJosefu.
Kwimifanekiso ibonakaliswa ngezi mpawu zilandelayo: Sika intloko (yesibini emfanekisweni), iskreyiti ezandleni, isitya, umnqamlezo omngcayo ovela emqolombeni. Inxibe ingcwele kwimpahla ye-Baggy kwi-HEbol Wool, inyibilikisiwe yiBelt Belt Belt, incinci rhoqo kwi-chiton okanye intshabalalo. Incindi yobusi, iMvana, abasebenzi abalusi ababhekiswa esibhakabhakeni, umnwe wesalathiso sesandla sasekunene esibhekiswe kwezi mpawu. AmaKatolika ayaziwa yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo yomBhaptizi.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
Izibakala zebhayiloji zikaYohane umbhaptizi wabafundi bezakwalizwi zisusa kwiincwadi ezine zeVangeli ezine, i-Apocryphas kunye noncwadi lweNgonyama. Ngobuntwana bukaYohane uxelela ivangeli ye-Luka.
UYohane wazalwa kwintsapho yoMbingeleli Omkhulu kaZakariya nobulungisa uElizabhete, isihlobo sekamva lenekazi lethu. Ukubonakala komntwana okulandelayo kwisibini esikhulayo esingenasiqhamo saxela kwangaphambili ingelosi enkulu, ukutyelela utata wexesha elizayo etempileni, uGabriel wayalela ukuba anike inkwenkwe igama elingaqhelekanga lentsapho. UZakariya akazange akholelwe ukuba isithunywa, sayiphuhlisa intetho kaZharna dara. Ukunqongophala kukambingeleli kuthabathela ngaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana.
Ukuprofeta umntwana kwaqalisa isisu sobamama. Xa uMaria weza kutyelela uElizabeth, umntwana wayendehlisiwe, kwaye uElizandeta waziva ubabalo. Oko kukuthi, John wavuya kwintlanganiso noMesiya phambi kwabo bangqongileyo baphawula ukuqaphela intombi. Endaweni yendlu kaZakariya, apho wadibana khona oomama abazayo, icawe yotyelelo yakhiwa.
E-Ein-Krem, idolophu yedolophu yaseYerusalem, apho wazalelwa khona umprofeti, wakhiwa imboni, yakhiwe imboni ye-ranciscans ("Engcwele kangaka ezintabeni"). UZakariya waqinisekisa ngembambano ebhalela umnqweno wokunika unyana wayo igama igama, elichazwe yingelosi, emva koko anokuphinda aqale.
Ngokutsho kweSibhalo, owandulelayo wazalwa kwisiqingatha sonyaka phambi koMsindisi. Ngokusekwe kolu lwazi, umhla wokubhiyozela iKrisimesi kaJohn UMnduli ubalwa-nge-24 kaJulian Calendor eOrthodoxy. Abantu bayaziwa njengosuku lukaIvan Kupala. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga umqondiso welanga: IKrisimesi kaYesu ibhiyozelwe emva kweSolstic yasebusika, xa imini ide, kwaye uYohane - emva kwehlobo, xa imini inqamlezwe.
Ukuze asisindise umntwana ezandleni zabakhonzi bakaKumkani uHerode, egqogqa abantwana, umama wamshiya evela esixekweni, esiya entlango, elungiselela inkonzo yabantu abaninzi. Kucingelwa ukuba indawo efihlakeleyo yayiyimoyakazi ye-Esseev - ihlelo elifihlakeleyo lamaJuda. Umbingeleli omkhulu uZharna wambulala amajoni kaHerode kwindawo yakhe yokusebenza.
Ubulungiseleli bobuKristu
Entlango entlango enoYohane oselula, wathetha uThixo, emva koko uYohane waya kushumayela, ukuqala kohambo ethathwa njengeminyaka engama-28 okanye engama-29 ubudala. Lo mprofeti wayenoyolo, enxibe kwi-shagati tunic esuka eCamel Wolt, wagatywa yiBelt Lether yeLeakhule, ephonononge ubusi beenyosi zasendle kunye ne-asrides, engaseli wayini. Kwiintshumayelo ezibongoze aboni ukuba bakhathazeke ngengqumbo kaThixo kwaye baguquke. Ndamngcikiva isarduev kunye nabaFarisi nabaFarisi kunye nohanahaniso neGordin.
Umkhosi olwabelwe umprofeti ubongozwa ukuba waneliseke ngumvuzo, ukungakhubekisi abahlali; ISolari - Ukungafuni kwanto phakathi kwenani labenzi ngaphezulu komthetho; Isityebi kukwabelana ngokutya nempahla enamahlwempu. Uphawu lwenguquko kunye nokuhlanjululwa kukaYohane kwalungisa ukuhlamba ngokwesiko kwiijeer zoMlambo iJordani, obizwa ngokuba nobhaptizo. Isangqa sabalandeli ababehlanganisene umBhaptizi. Abafundi bakaJohn baxelisa ukuzalisa kukatitshala kwaye bacinga ukuba uJohn kwaye kukho umsindisi oxelwe kwangaphambili.
Xa ababingeleli bafika bevela eYerusalem besiya kujonga le nguqulo, uJohn wakhanyela. Wazibiza ngokuba eyizwi lizwi lentlango, ebiza abantu ukuba bahlaziye abantu. Uye waxela ukufika kukaMesiya, kodwa ndothuka kwintlanganiso noYesu weshumini awabhaptiziweyo, kuba wayecinga ngokwakhe ukuba angazeki imitya yezihlangu zoMsindisi.
UYesu wanyanzelisa ukuba abulawe nguThixo, abhaptizwe eYordani. Ngokuphumeza isiko, umBhaptizi wabeka isandla saseMakshka ka-Kristu, ngokudibeneyo nabantakwabo Biblings. Ubhaptizo lwaluhamba nemimangaliso ababevulele abantu bakaYesu, ubugobho basezulwini, bakhalaza izwi, bebizwa ngokuba lilimvile unyana wakhe, wamnika.
Emva kwemiqondiso kuMsindisi, abapostile babini bokuqala babejongiwe, ngaphambili kwabafundi bakaYohane aba banduleli. Xa uYesu wayekubonakala entlango, uJohn wabanjwa. UJohn oNgcwele eOrthodoxy ugqalwa njengomyeni obalulekileyo kuwo onke amaKristu.
I-Atyast eya kwi-sanduli yafundela ukuqonda izono zabo kunye nezizathu zabo, abangakholwayo, uncedo kumabanjwa. Umbhali womthandazo wakudala uthelekisa umphambili ngenkwenkwezi yasekuseni, etshixiza i-dagoricance yezinye iinkwenkwezi, ezifanekisela ilanga lemini yelanga.
Ukufa
Umprofeti uJohn xhamli wenza ulwaphulo-mthetho lwabalawuli ngokufuna abo baqinisekisayo. Ngokukodwa, indlela yokuziphatha yokuziphatha okubi ku-Terirarch Galili Dalede Antipa, watshata ne-Iodiad, umtshana wakhe, wakugxeka indlela yokuziphatha yokuziphatha okubi kuTeterac. UKrasavitsa Iadida Antipa wabetha kuphela kukaSibhel yakhe kuphela, uHerode Filip. UJohn weza kwibhotwe likaTiran nasekunene phambi kweendwendwe kwigumbi lomthendeleko, inkxalabo malunga nolwaphulo mthetho kwimithetho yamaYuda.
UTetorarch akazange aguquke, kodwa, ngokuchasene noko, umprofeti wabanjwa watyalwa emhadini. Unokwenza ntoni kanye naye emva koko, akazange acace: Ukubulawa komntu onjalo okwaziwayo ebantwini kunokubangela ukuba abantu baseGalili. Kodwa intetho etyhola yamkela umfazi kaHerode. Umfazi okhubekisayo esidlangalaleni wayenqwenela ukuziphindezela, awazenzayo nentombi yakhe uSalome.
Kumbhiyozo ozokuhlonitshwa komhla wokuzalwa kukaHerode, i-Antipa Salome kangaka wadanisa ukuba uHerode wayephambi kokuba uHerode wayephambi kweendwendwe ezazithembisa ukwenza ukuba enze umnqweno wakhe. Ukunyanzelwa ngumama, uSalome wabuza intloko kaJohn njengesipho. Ithunyelwe entolongweni, i-squire inqunyazwe yintloko mprofeti kwaye yanika intombi kwisipho esijijekileyo kwisitya sesilivere. Intloko kaSalome inikelwe kwi-idadiade, nomzimba womkhonzi wanika abafundi bakaBhaptizi.
Ukukhumbula le micimbi, uMhla wokukhathalela iNtloko kaYohane owandulelayo. KwiCawa yeOrthodox, olu lusuku lwesithuba esingqongqo. Kwisiko labantu, samaxesha agubungela kufutshane namasiko nakwiinkolelo: Kunqatshelwe ukuba usebenze nezinto ezibukhali, kukho imifuno kunye neziqhamo, zisike isonka. Abafundi bangcwaba umzimba kaJohn owona mmangaliso eSevalitia, kufutshane nengcwaba lomprofeti uElisha, kodwa emva kokuba umzimba wale saint waqalisa ukwenza imimangaliso.
Malunga ne-362, abahedeni bavula kwaye bawoyisa umngcwabo, watshisa amathambo, wasasazeka njengothuli. Nangona kunjalo, amaKristu akwazi ukugcina inxenye yamaphiko. Ngenkulungwane ye-10, uTheodore waxelela amaKristu ukuba umpostile uLuka wayefuna ukususa umzimba ube ngumrhumo, kodwa iiSevaries zasivumela ukuba sithathe kuphela isandla sasekunene sabangcwele. Emva kwexesha, umda ongazange wenziwe ngaphambili kaYohane umBhaptizi wafudukela eConstantinople, ehlonitshwa apho kwasekwa iholide efanayo, ngoku ayidunyisi.
IHerodeya yafihla intloko yomprofeti kwindawo yokuphumla kwebhotwe, kodwa umkhonzi weba i-sulica ende, wayingcwaba kwinkungu enodongwe kwithambeka yentaba yase-Inten. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ngokumba kobabambo, i-jug yafumana abakhonzi beVelmazby kwaye i-faclic ichongiwe. Lo msitho ubhiyozelwa libarshioners ye-roc nge-24 kaFebruwari ngesitayile sakudala. Phambi kokufa komsulwa, iShrine ifihliwe.
Kwiminyaka apho umlawuli u-Konstantin walawula omkhulu eYerusalem, abahambi ngengozi bafumana ngengozi isahluko, kodwa ivila lathunyelwa ngengozi ukuba lithwale i-telic. Umntu ohamba naye (ngobuqhetseba) ushiye iimonki kwaye waba ngumgcini weShrine. Emva kokuba efile, ijagi enentloko engummangaliso ifudukele kudade wasegciwaneni. Emva kwexesha, amaReyiyini afike kuMfundisi waseArian, owayesifihlayo kwisahluko kumqolomba kufutshane nezityebisi.
Ngo-452, i-Akchithand yoYilo yeyona ndoda ikufuphi ibonakale ephupheni kukaYohane kwaye yabonisa indawo yokufihlwa kwesahluko. Ifunyenwe ifunyenwe kwaye ifudukele eConstantinople. Ukufunyanwa kwesibini kwesahluko kubhiyozelwe ngaxeshanye kunye nowokuqala. Ngexesha le-riots e-Konstantinople, i-shrine yathunyelwa ukuba igcinwe kwiSixeko sase-Emezs, emva koko sifihliwe eKomanna ngexesha lokutshutshiswa kwengqondo.
Indlu yozakuzo ye-vikhail III kwi-850, ikhokelwa kukuqonda kosolusapho we-Igertius, yafumana iNtloko yeNgcali yaseKomana. Yayikukufunyanwa kwesithathu, i-RPC eqatshelwe nge-25 kaMeyi 25 kwiKhalenda yaseJulian. Kwiholide nganye, kuye kwaphuhliswa i-canon yayo-iodolo kunye noluhlu lwemithandazo efundwe ngexesha leenkonzo zaBabingeleli.
I-relicing okwangoku, kwaye ngoku iicawa ezilishumi elinambini zibanga umxholo womnini wentloko yokwenene kaYohane umbhaptizi. Kwihlabathi lamaKristu kukho imihlathana esixhenxe (ukongeza kwiintloko), iminwe ye-elinantathu, izandla ezisithoba kunye namagxa amane. Zonke ezi zinto zihlonitshwa zinenyani kwaye ziphiliswe ngokumangalisayo.
Imemori
- 1663 - UMeende YOST YOST VAN DAN VONEA "
- 1770-Inqanawa eyakhiweyo yeRiversi yaseRussia "Chesma", eyayinegama lesibini "uMBhaptizi"
- Ngo-1864 - UMeeem Stephen Mallarolame "IRodada"
- I-1877 - Ibali likaGustava "irodada"
- Ngo-1891 - isiqwenga se-oscar "salome"
Iholide ye-Orthodox
- Nge-23 kaSeptemba (nge-6 ka-Okthobha) -Ukukhulelwa kukaJohn Ongumphambili
- NgoJuni 24 (nge-7 kaJulayi) - IKrisimesi kaJohn UMndunisi
- Nge-29 ka-Agasti (Septemba 11) -Imeko yeNtloko yeNtloko ye-Sandounner
- 7 (NgeJanuwari 20) -ICarike yeBhaptizi
- Nge-24 kaFebruwari 8 (ngo-Matshi 8) Ngonyaka we-leap, ngoFebruwari 24 (ngo-Matshi 9) kwi-Newoenenous - ukufunyanwa kwentloko kaJohn
- I-25 kaMeyi (nge-7 kaJuni) - ukufunyanwa kwesithathu kwentloko kaJohn ongumphambili
- 12 (Ngo-Okthobha 25) - I-Transpondede proPrintas