Biography
Inkosi edumileyo yaseRussia, eyaziwa ngokuba yenziwa amaqanda amatyebyry, ngelishwa kancinci kwaye ifiligo, yaziwa kuye wonke umntu. Kufanelekile ukuthi "iqanda elinamafutha", engqondweni imisebenzi yamangalisayo yobugcisa evela kwizinyithi kunye namatye axabisekileyo, awayenebhongo ngentsapho ka-Agasti.
Kwithambo lenkosi elinobuchule, igazi laseJamani kunye ne-Franco-Danish laliququzelela i-Estonia, kodwa i-Karl Faberge, eyayimi kwintloko yeJamani yaseJamani eSt. umgaqo obephethe umgangatho oqinisekileyo.
Ngamaxesha athile, izindlu zeflethi ye-fabhu ye-gewerry zivela kwi-Auus yeHlabathi kwaye ziye kubathengi kwizigidi zeedola.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
UJeweler wexesha elizayo wazalwa ngentwasahlobo ye-1846 kwikomkhulu elimantla. Umama we-Master odumileyo - i-dane charlotte jengststt, intombi yomculi. Utata uGustav Faberge wazalelwa eSandelanga (i-Baltic Gersit) evela kumanani e-French-Guenotov, eyaya ePrussia emva kokupheliswa kwe-Nange-Edicta. Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1840, uGustav Faberge waseka indibano yejulubry esixekweni, kodwa emva kweminyaka engama-20 wafudukela kwiDresden.
Ubuchule bobugcisa obuvela eKarl buse ebuntwaneni. Unyana wayenomdla ocacileyo kwi-gewelry yokuthambeka, kwaye utata wakhe wanika imfundo eyahlukileyo: eSt. Petersburg, inkwenkwe yanikwa umthambo wabucala. Yandula ke loo mfana wafunda ishishini lentengiso kwi-dresden.
Emva kohambo olude ngeendlela zaseYurophu, uKarl wafunda ubucwebe eFrankfurt enkosi kaJoseph rimedman.
Ukuxhoma ulwazi lobuchwephesha, i-farge efundwayo ishishini leshishini kwaye ibuyele eNyakatho yePaldyra ngo-1864. Kwindibano yocweyo kayise nakwiHermitage, iJeweler eselula ibuyiselwe ubucwebe bamandulo.
Ngo-1872, uGustav Faberge, owayehlala kwi-Dresden, enikelwe kunyana oneminyaka engama-25 wegunya kwaye wenza intloko ye-St. Ekuqaleni, abasebenzi abayi-100 kwiLizwe lakhe badwelisiwe: uninzi lwamayeza anobuchule bokukhangela uKarl wakhangela xa wayehamba eYurophu.
Ubucwebe kunye neshishini
Emva kweminyaka eli-10, izindlu zendlu zikaFaberge zangamela i-MOSCOW Art kunye noMboniso wemveliso, apho bakuqaphela khona kwaye babuxabisa uKumkani uAlexander III. Ukusuka kule nqaku, i-biography kaJewelela inxibelelene ngokungafaniyo nentsapho ye-impem, eyenza i-Karl Faberge kwaye ithande iimveliso zayo eYurophu. I-Romanovs iyalelwa kwi-jwelery yejwabi, enika izihlobo eDenmark, eBritane, iGrisi.
Kwinkosi ye-1900 ye-Russian, isihloko esithi "Inqaku le-paris Umbutho weGewelers" lalihlonitshwa kwaye i-odolo ye-lapoleon yaziswa nguNapoleon. Kwisitrato esikhulu se-Maritime esixekweni, kwesona sakhiwo siphambili seNkampani lavela: Indlu yenziwa yi-Karl Schmidt. Kumgangatho osezantsi kwakukho iindibano zocweyo kwaye ivenkile ivuliwe, eminye imigangatho emithathu yathatha usapho.
Iqanda lokuqala lobucwebe le-Fibelge livele ngo-1885. Ndandiyalela uMlawuli weMveliso kwinkosikazi kaMaria Fedorovna njengesipho se-Ista. Iqanda libizwa ngokuba yi "Inkukhu" okanye "inkukhu". Xa kuthelekiswa nokuphumla, imveliso ibukeka ilula: Phezu kwe-enamel emhlophe, ngaphakathi - kwigolide egolide, inkukhu eyenziwe ngegolide eqingqiweyo.
Umbono weqanda apho umothuko wawusele efihliwe, yeyokwalukaKarl Faberge: Iikopi zokuqala zamaqanda avela kwi-XVII ikhulu. Iimveliso ezinjalo zagcinwa kubuncwane bokumkani u-Alexander III, uNee Maria Sophia Frederica Dederica Dederma Dederma Dederma Dederma Drederica Dederma Drederca. Ukumkani waseRussia wanqwenela ukwenza umfazi wakhe isipho esasiza kukhumbuza ilizwe lakhe.
I-UPRORR I-Ista ye-Ista yamangaliswa nguKarl Faberge waba yinkundla yenkundla kwaye wafumana i-odolo: minyaka le ukuze iqalise iqanda elitsha nge-Agasti. UNicholas II wasifumana intwana ngesiko kwaye waphinda wawuphinda umyalelo: UKarl Faberge qho ngonyaka ukuya kwi-ESPET avelise amaqanda ama-2 - umama wokumkani kunye neqabane lakhe.
Umzobo weqanda wavunywa yiNtloko yeNdlu yoRhwebo, emva kwezona magazini zintle zokuthathwa emsebenzini. Imbali igcine amagama eMikhail Partin (Karelian Nigget), Agastito Holstrom, e-Eric Collin. Ngendlu ye-romanov yendlu ye-romanov ifakwe kwi-farser prose yabasebenzi abangama-500.
"Ifashoni" yesipho samaqanda e-Ista Fabers, esaziswa ngayo i-romanov, sasasazwa phezu kweYurophu: Ii-odolo zafumana indlu yaseRussia esuka kwelinye ilizwe. Yaziwa malunga neemveliso ezili-15, ezi-7 zika-Karl Faberge wadala uAlexander Windows uKelha. I-EGGS ESIMPILO ESEMPHUMI ZESI-8 ASEKHASA kunye nabafundi bakhe bazenzela uFeliks Yusupov, iDuchess yaseMalboro, eRothschilds.
Iimveliso zeJersia zeRussia zabetha izigqibo ezingalindelekanga. UKarl Faberge uvavanye ngenkalipho ngenkalipho: isiseko se-brooches sinokwenza i-karelian birch, iphinde yaphindaphila iqhekeza lenkuni kwiidayimane. Wayedla ngokusebenza ngamatye anqabileyo kunye nezixhobo eziqwalaselweyo "ezingasebenziyo". Kodwa umsebenzi wawunqabile kangangokuba wabetha abathengi abafuna kakhulu.
Iworkshop ye-Faberge yayidume nge-enamel eyodwa: Amakhulu emibala emibala kunye nobuchule obunetyala (i-interchecle ye-teagencheche (i-notchedlocheches kwimvelaphi eyintloko, edityaniswe kwimveliso yomsebenzi wobugcisa. Imifanekiso ye-enamel, iiwotshi, iibhokisi, i-tobacker kunye nee-shinyis ngokungathi zikhanya ngaphakathi kwaye zibonakala zizinto ezininzi.
Indlu yokurhweba yavelisa ubucwebe sexabiso elihle kunye neemveliso zemveliso yobuninzi. Ngo-1914, uthotho lwamagumbi obhedu oluvela kobhedu, amabanjwa afika. Kodwa obona bozuko lukhulu lwendlu kaFeberge bazisa amaqanda e-supelry: kuba yintsapho yasebukhosini kwiworkshop, kwadalwa iikopi ezingama-54.
Emva kohlaziyo luka-Okthobha lomzi-mveliso kunye neevenkile ze-Impeweler yelizwe. EPetpograd, ii-bolsheviks ezigxothiweyo kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amatye axabisekileyo kunye nezinyithi, ngaphandle kokuhlawula ipeni yembuyekezo. Ezinye iimveliso zikwazile ukuthatha oonyana bakaKarl Faberge ukuya eFinland.
Ukuhlutha ubulungisa bamandla athengisiweyo, ukugcwalisa ubuncwane bolutsha oluselula. Amaqanda amathandathu e-Estater afumana ummeli we-Bhritane yokuthenga i-Britane House Ergunuel Snouuume kwivenkile yepetrograd ye-farge.
Kwi-Autumn ka-1918, uKarl Faberge ngokufihlakeleyo eRiga: iJorder Jewer yayisoyika ukubanjwa nokubulawa. Emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-bolsheviks eLatvia, inkosi yaya eJamani. Xa uBerlin wagubungela iguquko, i-faberge efudukele eFrankfurt e yeyona nto ibalulekileyo, apho engakhange ayilibazise khona.
Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi buka-fapge echithe eWiesbaden. Emva kothuke ngenkokeli kunye nokuthathwa kwepropathi, inkosi eyaziwayo yawela kuMoya yaze yaphinda "akusekho ubomi obuninzi."
Ngo-2004, usomashishini waseRussia kunye neBillionalo victor Vekselberg nge-100 yeedola ezigidi ezithenge amaqanda ali-9 ukusuka kwi-Malcolm ngamaqanda ali-9 ("inkukhu" yokuqala) kwaye ibuyele eRussia. Enkosi kwiShishini kwi-St. Petersburg, imyuziyayi ye-Fairge yavela.
Ubomi Buqu
UKarl Faberge utshata kuphela: Umfazi wakhe ngo-1872 waba yintombazana egama linguAgususte Jacobs. Ngo-1874, uAuguste wazala umyeni wakhe, owayebizwa ngokuba ngu-Eugene. Wahamba emanyathelweni kayise, wafunda indalo engocweby, esebenza kwindibano yocweyo yomzali, kwaye ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1920 bafudukela eFrance.
Ngo-1876, unyana wesibini wazalwa-u-Agafon Faberge. Ngentwasahlobo ye-1895, wajoyina ishishini losapho, kwaye ekupheleni kwe-1890s yaba luvandlakanyo lweyadi yasempeleni. Ulwalamano lwe-agafon Karlovich notata wakhe lwabetha emva kwezityholo (kamva umhlobo wale ntsapho wavuma). Ngeminyaka yee-1920, unyana womjelo odumileyo owenziwa nguGokhra. Ngo-1927, waphelelwa eFinland, apho wayehlala khona kubuhlwempu.
Unyana wesithathu weJeweel - uAlexander wazalwa ngonyaka we-1877. Ndafudukela eParis kunye nomzalwana u-Evgeny wasungula inkampani ye-Faberge kunye ne-K. Okwesine, umncinci, unyana kaCharles - uNikolai - wazalwa ngo-1884. Waba ngumyili wegolide. Ukusukela ngo-1906 wasebenza kwisebe le-Faberge kwikomkhulu laseBritane.
Kwiminyaka engama-56, intloko yendlu yendlu yebhizuli yathandana nemvumi eneminyaka engama-21 ubudala uCafeshana Amalia Amalia Amalia, Czech. Kwakungayi ku-dume ukuba aqhawule umtshato umfazi we-romanov ye-ramanov ye-jengler ye-jengler, kodwa nenkanuko ye-Amalie encinci ayinakuphumelela. Nyaka ngamnye uKarl Faberge waya kwiinyanga ezintathu eYurophu, ebambe imvumi.
Ngo-1912, uKirigel watshata iNkosana ye-Georgia yakudala yaza yathatha igama leCycianov. Umyeni wam wemkile kwaoko, kwaye unxibelelwano noKarl aluzange lwaphule. I-Amalia ibizwa ngokuba yiMata Hara. I-Ctsianov iphinde yaqeshwa amaJamani naseAustria. Ukufika eRussia ngexesha lemfazwe wanceda i-FABE. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1916, uAmalia wabanjwa wagxothwa eSiberia. Nge-Carl Faberge, intanda yokugqibela yayingasafezekanga, kwaye i-jeeller yayinobunzima ngenxa yonxibelelwano ne-Austrian Spey.
Ukufa
Oogqirha bamisela i-jeweller-oneminyaka engama-74 ubudala kunye nexesha lokulinganisa, benza ukuba kutyibilike ukutshaya: UFakege wayenentliziyo egulayo.
Abantu basemveli bathutha intloko yosapho elunxwemeni lweLake egeva, eyayidume ngemozulu. Usomashishini ophulukene nobomi bonke baphangwe zii-bolsheviks kwaye - ngokutsho kwe-500 yezigidi, engabalwanga ndawonye ipropathi, kwaye engakhange afume impahla yokuhlala.
NgoSeptemba 1920, uKarl Faberge, ngaphandle kwezithintelo zoogqirha, efuna i-cigar eyomeleleyo. Khange ndibenalo ixesha lokuphela: Wasweleka, ukuthandana. I-farged farge kwiGenard Grand Jas eCanes.
Imemori
- ESt. Petersburg kukho isikwere se-charles farge
- Nge-19 kaNovemba ka-2013 eSt. Petersburg kwibhotwe laseNryshkin-Shuvalov, iMyuziyayi ye-Faberge yavulwa
- EKiev, kukho i-plaque yeSikhumbuzo izukisa iJeweler edumileyo
- EOdessa, ekwakhiweni kwehotele yendawo, apho i-salon ye-charbelly farles ikwimiyalelo yokurhweba ye-charles ikwimiyalelo yokurhweba eBolshevik, kufakwe i-plaque yeSikhumbuzo
- EBenden-Baden, kukho imyuziyayi ye-Fiberge - owokuqala emhlabeni, uzinikele ngokupheleleyo kwimisebenzi yeJundlara
- EMoscow kukho ikholeji yamagama obuhlobiso kunye afakwe kumagama obugcisa asetyenzisiweyo ye-karl farge