Biography
I-kira muratova yangena kwimbali ye-cinema njengoMbhali we "Movie engalunganga", ifilimu yeParadox ", yazahlulahlulahlulahlula i-biography enzima. Umlawuli ophakamise izihloko zentlalontle, waguqukela kwiiplani zenkohlakalo, waqiqa ngelizwi malunga nemida yokuziphatha, kunye nenye yeenjongo zakhe eziyithandayo - isihogo emhlabeni. UKiru Georgievna abagxeki batyholwa nge "curngukh", kodwa umbukeli olungiselelwe ifilimu nganye entsha uye wathandana ngakumbi nalowo umfazi onetalente owayekhethe ilungelo lobunini belungelo lobunini.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UKira Muratova wazalelwa kwintsapho enzima yokuhlala kwidolophu yaseSoroka eBssarabia (iRomania). Utata uUri Aleksandrovich Korotkov ngaphambi kwemfazwe kunye namaJamani asebenza njengonobhala weKomiti engaphantsi komhlaba waseRomania, kwaye ngo-1941, njengenxalenye yenxalenye yenxalenye yasweleka.
Umama uNatalia U Isaakiovna, umYuda ubuzwe, ukusukela ngo-1928 wayekwimibutho yamaKomanisi yaseRomania. Emva kwemfazwe, lo mfazi wathabatha usihlalo wenkcubeko yeRiphabhlikhi, eyaba yinxalenye ye-USSR.
Kudliwanondlebe, uKira Georgievna ukhumbule ukuba wayedla ngokuba noMama emsebenzini. Inkonzo yabelwa iqela elahlukileyo lokujonga iifilimu zangaphandle, kwaye ngakumbi ipasi ekhethekileyo, eyayifunyenwe yile ntombazana ikumzali yayisikhunjulwa ngokukodwa.
Isiqwenga sephepha savula iingcango zayo nayiphi na i-binema yeBucharest, kunye neCyris encinci emva kwesikolo sibaleke kwiiseshoni. Ngelo xesha, ekuphazamiseni kwi-foyer ye-cinemas, uluntu lwaluzonwabisa ngamanani eeMuserns kunye neemvumi. Nje ukuba intombazana ibone u "Wadulisa" u "Phila" u "Phila Wid-Peter LeSrechenko kwaye waya kwimbonakalo yexesha elide.
Emva kokuphumelela, uKira oselula waya kwikomkhulu laseRussia, apho wangena khona i-filocy yePhilology kwiYunivesithi yaseMoscow. Emva kwexesha elithile, ndiye ndaqonda ukuba uyi-cinema egudisayo, wagqiba kwelokuba azame ukonwaba eVgika. Intombazana yeza i-windows, ibetha iphiko leenkosi ezidumileyo ze-virasimov notara makarova.
Iifilimu
Ngo-1961, uKira Muratova njengoko uMlawuli wajoyina oogxa be-ODESSA yefilimu yefilimu. Ixesha lokuqala lasebenza kwisibini kunye nomyeni wakhe uAlexander Muratov, naye i-vati yajoyina iZiko. Isibini esitshatileyo sasizisela umhlaba wepeyinti "kwindawo epholileyo" (1962) kunye "nesonka sethu esinyanisekileyo" (1964).
I-solo, ukuqala komlawuli kuye kwagwetywa ngo-1967. Umbukeli wafumana umsebenzi oqaqambileyo oshiya umntu ongakhathali, "iintlanganiso ezimfutshane." I-melodrama echukumisayo malunga nonxantathu wothando buphazamiseka ngamanqaku aliqela.
I-muratov ngokwayo yayiyinkwenkwezi kwiteyiphu, eyona mifanekiso iphambili yenziwa yi-vladimir vhladimir vmsovky, kwaye uNina Ruslanova wadlala indima yesibini yabasetyhini, ifuna izikrini zokuqala. Lo mfanekiso uphuma noshicilelo olulinganiselweyo, umboniso oboniswayo oguqulweyo wenzeka kuphela kwiminyaka engama-20 emva koko, bayayixabisa indalo yendalo yomphathi wabangaphezu kwezigidi ezine.
Umfanekiso olandelayo "ucingo olude" (1971) lwalungonwabanga ngokupheleleyo. Ubunkokeli beStudiyo yeNkosi yokuBuyisa engabuthanga umsebenzi womsebenzi weminyaka emibini, ngenxa yoko, umboniso wafuduselwa wahlalwa phantsi. I-kira muratova, isuswe kubaLawuli, ayikwazanga ukumela ingcinezelo kwaye ishiye i-Odessa.
Ibhinqa lahlala eLeningrad, apho "i-lenfilm" i-studios yefilimu yaqala ukwenza iteyiphu "yokutshintsha ukukhanya okumhlophe", nto leyo eyonwabileyo ngabaphulaphuli ngo-1978. I-penerance, ibali elihle laqokelela uNina Ruslanov, Alexey Zharkov, uLyudmila Gurchenkon kwiseti. Emva kokubukela icacile ukuba icace phi, apho i-renata livinova, umfani othembekileyo we-kira, wakhuthaza amanyathelo okuqala kuMlawuli.
UCarright ulandele i-muratov kwizithende zakhe. Ifilimu yajika yaba yifilimu "phakathi kwamatye amhlophe" (1983), apho kunqunyulwa khona izinto ezinqabileyo. Ewe, ukuze uKira Georgievna akazange avume igama lakhe kwiikhredithi.
Kuphela kukutshona kwelanga kuphela kwiSoviet Union, umphathi waqalisa ukukhululeka, ukuba wafumana ithuba lokwenza indlela athetha ngayo intliziyo. Ngesandla sakhe esikhanyayo kwizikrini "utshintsho lwexesha elifanelekileyo" kunye nedrama ye-rima yolwandle amabini ene-tint yentlalo "ye-Athethenic syndrome" yavela.
Ifilimu yokugqibela ivelise i-furor kwizangqa zabagxeki nababukeli-kunye nomxholo, kunye nefilimu yokondla (kunye ne-intanethi, enye i-emhlophe, enye inombala). Ukongeza, okokuqala kwifilimu yaseRussia, umlawuli wavumela ukuba avakale kwiscreen sesigama esibuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, uhlaselo kwilizwe labo ladlula ngasemva, kuba eyona nto iphambili efikelela kuyo - i-pheshey phesheya: Umsebenzi wafumana umvuzo owodwa wejaji yomthendeleko wefilimu yeBerlin.
Umsebenzi obonakalayo obonakalayo sele wazalwa phakathi kohlengahlengiso. Ngo-1994, i-kira muratova yokuqala ifihla i-renat ye-reet i-reeit i-reevinov kwi "Hobies", eyaba yimyuziyam yomlawuli. Kwaye iindima zakhe ekuqaleni kwemeko yayingeyonto, uKira kamva weza nomfanekiso ngqo. I-muratova ixelele malunga nembono yokuqala yomdlali weqonga:
"Sidibene nomnyhadala we-arsenal eRiga. Ngokukhawuleza ndacinga ukuba isuswe, yayinembonakalo entle nembonakalo, kunye nendlela yokuthetha. "Lo mfanekiso uzolile, ukhanyiso, kodwa unomdla, uqaphele ngumvuzo we-Nika. Umdlali we-birner kunye neenwele zeBlond kwi-Kira yekamva uya kususa izihlandlo ezininzi: URenata ukhanye kwimbali emithathu yembali, eyakhethiwe kwi-Bermar "yeGolden", i-tragoused ", idrama yentlalo" Malunga noLutsha noSaqhwithi 'u-gody offy ". Zonke iifilimu zanyamalala amabhaso athile kunye neepremiyamu.
Ngo-2012, i-kira muratov eboniswe abalandeli kuHines "Buyela" ukubuya ", i-Oleeg Tabakov, i-Alla Demidov, kunye neLitvinova. Lo msebenzi uKira Georgievna wabeka indawo emangalisayo kumsebenzi womlawuli, echaza ukhathalelo lwabantu bonke.
I-Kira muratova nayo yasebenza njengomdlali weqonga kunye nezinye izikhombisi. Eli bhinqa lavela kwindima yenguqu kwipeyinti "ekutyelelo oluyingozi" loMlawuli uGeorge Jungold-hilkevich. Ngo-1986, wamenyelwa kwiDrama "yeGadi yeMinqweno" Ali Kmraev, apho uKira waphinda waphinda waphinda waya egqwirha.
Ubomi Buqu
UKira Georgievna wayetshatile kabini. Ndikunye nomyeni wokuqala, umlawuli kunye nowokufundisiwo uAlexander Muratov, wadibana kwiminyaka yomfundi, kodwa kumtshato wama-70s wahlukana. Esi sibini saphakamisa intombi kaMarianna, owayesweleke. Isibini somlawuli oqhawule umtshato emva kwefilimu yetyala le-kira.
Umyeni wesibini, naye iMuratov ibuyele kude kube yindawo yokugqibela, ikwayindawo yokuyila - i-st. petersburg artist kunye ne-screenwriter Eugene Golitoko.
Ukungafikeleli kwaye kunganyamezeleki kwiseti, uKira Georgievna ebomini yayiyindoda eyolileyo, elungeleleneyo, ekwaziyo ukuna nomntu. Lo mfazi wayethanda ukutya, kodwa ukutya okhethe ilula. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, iMuratov yaqala ukujonga kwicala lezityalo, kodwa alizange lithathe isigqibo sokungena kwiindawo zeVegans.
Ukufa
Iminyaka yakutshanje, uKira GeorgievV wayehlala eOdessa kwaye phantse akazange aye kukhanya.
"Ndibe yinto eninzi apho bendikhona, kwaye ngoku andifuni naphi na. Andifuni kuqhuma ngenqwelomoya, kwaye uloliwe, naye, "uvumile.Intatheli eyatyelelayo uMlawuli, yaphawula ukuba indlu yakhe iyamangalisa - ikhumbuza imyuziyam apho kufunyenwe khona iworkshop yomfundi. I-Muratova ayifanelanga kudlule kudliwanondlebe, iimemo zomfazi obhala zala.
Ngehlobo lowama-2017, umhlaba weefilimu wangena iindaba awayebaleka uKira Georgievna waba lilungu le-American Academy, wafumana ilungelo lokukhetha imbasa ethembekileyo "Oscar-2018".
Nge-6 kaJuni, ngo-2018 kira muratova akazange. Oku kwaxelwa kwinethiwekhi yoluntu ngemveliso yuri mintovanov.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1967 - "Iintlanganiso eziMfutshane"
- Ngo-1971 - "iingcingo ezinde"
- Ngo-1979 - "Ukwazi ukukhanya OMhlophe"
- Ngo-1983 - "phakathi kwamatye amhlophe"
- Ngo-1987 - "Ukutshintsha kwekamva"
- Ngo-1989 - "I-Athethenic syndrome"
- 1992 - "ipolisa elibuthathaka"
- 1994 - "Ukuzonwabisa"
- Ngo-1997 - "amabali amathathu"
- Ngo-2001 - "abantu besibini"
- Ngo-2002 - "Iinjongo zikaChenkov"
- Ngo-2004-"I-Adimater"
- I-2007 - "ezimbini"
- Ngo-2009 - "Melody ye-Scherer"
- Ngo-2012 - "ukubuya kanaphakade"