Biography
IVera Panova - umnini we-hard, iindawo ezinobunzima. Umfazi wafunda ngamava akhe, yintoni i-strolinitions yokucinezelwa kunye nokuphulukana nomntu omthandayo, kwaye ndixhonywa kwiindlela zokonwaba kwemfazwe enkulu. Mhlawumbi, ke, umbhali waseRostov wakwazi ukudala inyani, ukubhoboza imisebenzi ezele "yiphilile", abalinganiswa abanjalo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umama wenkolo yePanova - iRostov-kwi-Don. Utata welinye ibhola yabarhwebi, kodwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 owonakalisayo kwaye wafumana ingxelo ngeeakhawunti kwiBhanki yasedolophini. Xa le ntombazana yayiminyaka emihlanu ubudala, intloko yentsapho yathunyelwa phantsi kweemeko ezingacacanga, kwafuneka uchithe usapho lwedwa. Umvuzo womsebenzi weOfisi (nangona utitshala wabazali womculo) wawungekho ngokwaneleyo, wahlangulwa ipenshoni ehlawulwa kubahlolokazi yeBhanki.
Ngenxa yeengxaki zemali, uVera wakwazi ukugqiba iiklasi ezi-4 kuphela zendawo yokuzivocavoca, kodwa i-tag yolwazi yathatha indawo ephezulu - intombazana leyo yayiyenzele isayensi yeencwadi ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye umntwana okwishumi elivisayo waqalisa ukubhala imibongo.
Kwiminyaka eyi-17, iVera Panova yajoyina uluhlu lweesuphavayiza zamaphephandaba asekhaya nabezithili. Abantu abavumiyo bavuya kubathengisi be-fekelons, izincoko kunye namanqaku entatheli yokuqala, ukuthoba isikhuhla esihle nesithukuthezi. Umbhali wexesha elizayo wayefihlwe emva kwePleududuguanyms v. Surinelkaya kunye neVera Weltman, iziqhamo zokuqala zomkhonzazana ezidumileyo kwizangqa zabantu belizwe.
Uncwadi
Iindlela zikaRanova zanqunyulwa kunye nokunye ababhali. Ummeli woovimba woovimba wephondo ubekhe wadibana ne-Nikolai Pogodin, Alexander Fadeev, i-theatric Gronec Josif Yuzovsky. Nditsho neVladimir Mayovsky kunye neSergey Yesenin yatyelela ilizwe lakhe. Okokugqibela, phakathi kwe-30s, xa wafudukela eLeningrad, eVera Fedorovna yena waqala ukuzama amandla kwintsomi nedrama.
Kwimidlalo yokuqala "ye-Iyosozor" kwaye "kwi-Old Moscow", umbhali wabonisa ixesha ngaphambi kokuba iphinde ivele isithunywa, esasiqhubela phambili ukubhukuqa kwamandla obukumkani. I-Ilya Kosozor yazisa i-Playfight kwibhaso lokuqala-lolwaphulo-mthetho lokhuphiswano lwe-piz yethiyetha yeFama edibeneyo, kunye nomphathi uYuri Zavadskiy wazisa umsebenzi "kwi-moscow endala".
Imfazwe kunye namaJamani yalukholo lwalukholo ePanov phantsi kweLegingrad, apho ibhinqa lalihlala nentombi yakhe enkulu, abanye abantwana abaninzi bakanina babehlala eUkraine. Umbhali wayengenalo ixesha lokuphuma, kuye kwafuneka ndibhadule ekukhanyeni, ngaphambi kokuba ndifikelele kwilali yam kwilali yaseUkraine yaseShishaki. UPskov, e-Estonia, apho wayehlala khona kwindlu yesikhungu etshabalalisayo, kwaoko emva kwendawo ehlala endlwini, apho akwadalwa khona abantwana.
Ilali yaseUkraine ikwaye yahlala ingamaJamani, ngaphandle kuka-1943, abahlaseli babuyela emsebenzini batshisa indlu, bemshiya usapho kwisinxibo esinye. Iimvavanyo ezinzima kunye namaMijigrishs ziye zasisiseko somdlalo "Metelitta" nebali "ngobomi bam, iincwadi kunye nabafundi", nto leyo yabafundi ", eyayiseleyo kwindalo yomfazi. Kodwa yayikukubandezeleka kunye nokuqhelana nekamva yabantu ekuhlangabezana nayo endleleni, lazisa imibono emitsha yencwadi kuMbhali.
Ngo-1943, uVera Fedorovna wafudukela kwi-perm, eqale ukusebenza njengombhali onzulu, ngokuhambelana nokusebenza kumaphephandaba nakumatholori. Kunyaka emva koko, ngo-1944, ukusuka phantsi kwentsiba, ibali eliqaqambileyo "I-Evdukia" iphuma. Ibali lesiphelo somfazi elaphakamisa abantwana abantu, umbukeli wabona ngo-1961 - ifilimu kaTatyana Liozynous ifilimu yadutyulwa kulo msebenzi.
Apha, kwi-perm, owona mnyhani wazalwa, obizwa ngokuba yeyona nto ibalaseleyo emsebenzini wenoveli "yeswitlites. I-Fedorovna inobulungisa kwimiyalelo yeBhodi yokuHhlwaya yaqhubeka nohambo oluya kwilizwe elinguloliwe ongumzekelo wololiwe wokubhala incwadana enemifanekiso malunga nomsebenzi wabasebenzi.
"Iisatellite" zinegalari eqaqambileyo neyahlukileyo yabalinganiswa, iinoveli ezizodwa ziqhagamshelwe kwinani elinye. Umfundi kunye nabalinganiswa ubanjwe iziganeko zangaphambili zobomi, amaphupha exesha elizayo kwaye ahlangabezana nalo mzuzu. Umbhali ukwazile ukubonisa amagorha kunye nezinto eziyinyani zenyani ezijikelezileyo.
Emva kwenoveli, yabona ukukhanya, wabona ukukhanya, uPanova wajoyina uluhlu lwemanyano yababhali, okwafumana umvuzo wokuqala we-stalinist. Bathi uJosefu uJosesrionononovich wayewufunda ngovuyo umsebenzi kwaye wanconywa. "Isatellite" nayo iphume ngohlobo lwefilimu - ngo-1965 iskander Khamrayev isuse idrama yasemkhosini "Qui
Kunyaka kamva, ngo-1947, uPanova waphinda wafika kwi-epicenter yengxoxo yoncwadi. URomani "URusilich" uRussich "kubasebenzi besityalo se-Ural. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wemveliso, ngelo xesha nye unyaka nonyaka kwaye hayi ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali ukwazile ukugxila kumacala omzobo wobomi bomzi-mveliso. Abagxeki bahlulwe baba ngamacandelo amabini, enika uvavanyo oluchasene nomsebenzi.
Ke iLifa leLifa leLwazi lokholo Fedovna yahlobisa ibali le "Seryozha" malunga neveki ye-Boy-PreseChooler, ofumene uTata, nangona engenazihlobo. Umsebenzi ochukumisayo wenza ukuba ujonge ubomi bakho ngamehlo omntwana, zive amava akhe, ukonwaba kunye neengxaki.
Umsebenzi wenziwa kwimbali ye-cineorgy deilia ne-Igor Talankin. Ngapha koko, lo msebenzi uye waba ngumlawuli we-Defera. Ifilimu, apho i-sergey isukane, irina skobseva noBobse Velhatov, bebopha ibhaso elikhulu kumnyhadala wefilimu, obanjelwe eKarlovy Vary Vary Vary Vary Vary Vary Vard.
"USoryozha" wavula umjikelo wobugcisa bokholo lwePanova ezinikezelwe ebantwaneni. Emva kombhali ovezwe ngabafundi, kwaye emva koko abaphulaphuli banebali "inkwenkwe nentombazana", "volwada". Okokuqala ndawo umbhali ebeke imicimbi yomntu kunye nesimilo.
IMisebenzi ye "Valyana" kunye ne "Voloyefana" Ingeniso yefilimu "Intshayelelo" (1963) Igor talankin. Umlawuli waqokelelana kwiseti ye-Nina endent, i-valery nosta, stanislav chekane kunye nezinye iinkwenkwezi zescreen soviet. Iindima eziphambili zashukunyiswa yi-natalia bogunova kunye ne-boris tokarev. Lo mfanekiso uxela ngokuhamba kwabantwana kwiminyaka yemfazwe.
Ngomzekelo we "nkwenkwe nentombazana" zangena ngo-1966, ukholo lukaJulius. Umlawuli obizwa ngokuba nguNatalieu Bogunov noNikolai Burntuev. Aba bantu badlala uthando lokuqala, nangona kunjalo, ngelishwa, ebangela iingxaki ezinkulu kakhulu - igorha laphosa intombazana ekhulelweyo.
Ekutshoneni kwelanga, iVera Fedorovna yaya kumaza embali yaseRussia. Iintsiba zombhali zithetha ngeziganeko ezenzekayo kwi-Russia yakudala ngexesha lexesha elinengxaki. I-Panova ibhala malunga nePrincess Olga, ivan grozny kunye namanye amanani aqokelelwe phantsi kwe-TOM "LIKI eZoti".
Izinto zokutya zingaqhelekanga. Umbhali uyabhabha, ngokungathi u-mosaic, osongelayo ovela kwimisebenzi nganye yexesha elide lemicimbi engonwabisiyo, ukuba enze i-anagy phakathi kwezihlandlo, cinga ngendima yabantu abanoxanduva lwabasemagunyeni Ikamva lesizwe.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ibhinqa liye lasebenza imisebenzi yomkhosi. Inqaku le-biography yenkolo ye-Panova inikezele ngesincoko se-Autobiographical "Ngobomi bam, iincwadi kunye nabafundi", ababona ukukhanya emva kokuba umntu embhali emva kokubhubha kombhali.
I-Vera Fedorovna ifumene kuphela kwa-Mfundi kunye nabaphulaphuli. Eli bhinqa lalinikezelwa kwelona nqanaba liphezulu: Wanikwa amabhaso amathathu eStalin kunye noku-odola kwesibhengezo esibomvu abasebenzi. Iincwadi zombhali waseSoviet ziguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezininzi zehlabathi.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukholo Panova watshata kathathu. Iqabane lokuqala yayingumnxibelelanisi we-Arseny Surinelsky, apho intombazana yaseNatalia.
Umyeni wesibini kaBoris Vakhtin wayekwelendalo esingqongileyo, esebenza eRostov kumaphephandaba eGamoti naseKomsomolkaya Pravda. Emtshatweni bekukho oonyana ababini abaninzi, uBoris noYuri.
Ngo-1935, uVera Fedorovna kwafuneka ahambe kule ntlekele - iqabane labanjwa, etyhola ngokuthatha inxaxheba kumbutho we-trotskyist. Ukuwa kwintshutshiso, uPanov nabantwana kunye nonina bafudukela eUkraine.
Ndikunye noBoris vanyievich, umfazi wayengayibona kuphela xa wayekugugule. Le ntlanganiso, umbhali kwithambeka lonyaka eboniswe kwi-sketch "Umhla", ezele ziintlungu zokubhoboza. Iqabane aliphumelelanga ukwala izizathu, le ndoda yayidutyulwa ngo-1938.
Umyeni wesithathu wokholo Fedovna waba nguDavid, umbhali wakhulu. Wasinda kwinkosikazi yakhe iminyaka esixhenxe.
I-Vera Panova yahlulwa ngumsindo kunye nokuphendula, eyayiboniswa kumsebenzi kaSergey Dovlatov. Umbhali wayedumile ngesipeni esibukhali nesikhulu, hayi i-thling thile. Kwiprosesi yakhe kukho indawo yeVera Fedorovna, eyayihlala kufutshane. Ibhinqa kuphela kwenowe-fihlo elungileyo kwimisebenzi yaseDovlatov.
Ukufa
Ngo-1967, uVera Panova wakhathazeka kakhulu ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwiCongress ye-IV yoMbhali waseSoviet. Ubushushu budlalwa bubushushu - i-yadi yayiyihlobo. Ukholo lwe-Fedovna lubethile ukubetha kakhulu, emva koko akazange akwazi ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo, kodwa aqhubeka nokusebenza kakhulu.
Umbhali wafa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo yowe-1973. Ibaleka phantsi kweSt. Petersburg, kwidolophu yaseKomivo.
I-Bibliography
Iinoveli
- Ngo-1944 - "Evadokia (usapho lukaPirozhkov)"
- Ngo-1946 - "iisatellite"
- Ngo-1947 - "Isangqa (abantu abalungileyo)"
- Ngo-1953 - "amaxesha onyaka. KwiziKronike zeSixeko sase-EnK
- Ngo-1958 - "Imeyiti yamaRoma"
Tale
- Ngo-1955 - "Seryozha"
- Ngo-1964 - "Indawo yokuhlala yokusebenza"
- Ngo-1964 - "Ekuseni"
Ibali
- Ngo-1959 - "Valyana"
- Ngo-1959 - "Voloyeda"
- Ngo-1962 - "inkwenkwe nentombazana."
- Ngo-1965 - "Odade"
- Ngo-1973 - "USergey Ivanovich noTanya"
Isincoko
- Ngo-1966 - "ubuso ngokusa. Amabali Embali »
- Ngo-1952 - "Amanqaku e-prosaika"
- Ngo-1971 - "Ukusuka kwiSpeyishini yeMemori"
- Ngo-1973 - "am nowam ndedwa. Ngobomi bam, iincwadi kunye nabafundi "