Biography
"Ihlobo ladlula, ngokungathi lenzekileyo.Kumbingeleli oshushu. Kuphela le incinci ... "Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuba uSofia rotaruru kwi-legendar yakhe hit yenza imibongo ye-Arseny Tarkovsky. Intombi yembongi iqinisekile ukuba ukuba utata wakhe ubhale imibongo embalwa malunga ne-stalin kunye neqela, ingqokelela, ingqokelela ibiya kuqhubeka ngaphambili. Kodwa, i-Aristoct e-Aristorat, akazange asebenze njengenkqubo kwaye athabathelwe ingqalelo kwiminyaka engama-55.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Arseny Tarkovsky yazalwa nge-25 kaJuni, ngo-1907 e-Elisaveetrode (ngoku - isixeko saseKropyvnytskyi, e-Ukraine). UMama Maria Dalilovna wayenguNemian, wasebenza njengomfundisi. Utata uAlexander Karlovich wakhonza kwiBhanki kaRhulumente. Kwintlangano ye-Mug yabantu, indoda yathunyelwa eMpuma Siberia iminyaka emihlanu, apho yaqala ukubandakanyeka kubuntatheli. Emva kokubuya, wabhala amaphephandaba asekuhlaleni kunye neOdessa.
UArsany wayenomntakwabo-Ardery Valery, ngo-1919 wasweleka edabini ngokuchasene ne-Ataman Grigoriev. Imibongo yayikufuphi nenkwenkwe ukususela ebuntwaneni: Batyelela indalo, batyelela ukudalwa kwendalo e-Igor Nortgyn, uKonstantin Balmont nabanye ababhali kwinkulungwane yesiNikethi. Ngo-1925, emva kokuphela kwesikolo seminyaka esixhenxe, uArseny waya eMoscow wangena kwezona zifundo ziphezulu zoncwadi, eziphumelele ukusuka ngo-1929.
Uncwadi
Ukususela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1920, i-Trikovsky ibhala amanqaku kwiphephandaba "Bed" kunye ne-feec feelic fec magazine kwimagazini "yezikhukula". Ngo-1933, uqala ukubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yokuguqulela, enyakeni iincwadi zokuqala zeenguqulelo ziyapapashwa.
Ngo-1940, kwintlanganiso ye-Presit yeManyano yababhali baseSoviet, uMar Tarlovsky uceba i-TRORGOVSKy kwi-CROVOVSKY kwi-NYRGERZ kunye neengoma ze-turkmen. Isigqibo senziwa silungile.
Ukuqala kwemfazwe kwathatha ubuGcisa eMoscow: Wathumela inkosikazi yakhe yokuqala kunye nabantwana ukuba bafumane indawo ye-Ivanovo, okwesibini - ukuya kwisixeko saseChistopol. Ekupheleni kuka-Oktobha 1941, uya kuya eTatartan, apho wenza khona umjikelo wemibongo "yencwadi yencwadi ye-chistopol". Ngokuhambelana, ubhalela i-Presidium yemanyano yababhali besicelo sokuthatha ngaphambili. Ukusukela ngoJanuwari 1942 uqinisekisiwe kwiPosi yephephandaba loMkhosi "we-Alatm".
Imbongi ithathe inxaxheba rhoqo kwimbambano, ikwazile ukubhala imibongo efuna ukugoba umkhosi weSoviet, kunye nechibi. Amajoni anqumle imibongo kumaphephandaba kwaye anxibe ipokotho yesifuba kunye namaxwebhu kunye neefoto zabathandekayo-zikonwabele ukuthandwa kwiminyaka yobunzima. Ngo-1943, wenzakala emlenzeni wakhe, ngenxa yegesi yegesi yasinda kunyango.
Ingqokelela yokuqala yeTarkovsky ayipapashwa: akazange avume ukubandakanya imibongo yezopolitiko kuyo. Incwadi yokuqala "Phambi kwekhephu" Liphuma ngo-1962, zimbini ezinye-ngo-1966 nangowe-1969. I-Tarkovsky yaqala ukumema kunye nokudalwa kweendlela zombongo. Ngo-1978, indlu yaseGeorgia yokupapasha "i-merani" yakhupha enye incwadi ethi "Iintaba zeMagic", phi, ukongeza kwimibongo yoqobo, abafundi banikwa imibongo yoqobo, abafundi banikwa iimbophelelo zeGeorgia zikaPeter Tarkovsky.
Incwadi ethi "Iinkwenkwezi Ezingaphezulu Aragatz" Yaba nguMpapasha wokugqibela wobomi. Iyonke ingqokelela ye-12 yeendinyana ze-Tarkovsky kunye ne-1 yemisebenzi eqokelelweyo. Umsebenzi we-Arseney uhlala uhlobo lwendawo kwi-Russia. Ukwazile ukudlulisela kumfundi ebusweni be-wicttestic engqongqo yesiko leSisilivere, ebanika umthunzi ngamnye wale mihla.
NgoMatshi ngo-1982, unyana ka-Andrei waya e-Itali ukudubula ifilimu "Nostalgia". Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, kwinkomfa yakudala eMilan, wathi akacwangcisi ukubuyela e-USSR. I-Tarkovsky-inkulu yamkele isigxina sakhe, kodwa kwiileta aziboniswa ukuba "umculi waseRussia kufuneka aphile kwaye asebenze kwilizwe lakhe."
Ukusweleka kuka Nyana ngo-1986 kwaba sisiqhulo esomeleleyo kwi-Aleksandrovich's Alesendrovich. Imeko yakhe yempilo yakhe ukusuka kwangelo xesha yaqala ukonakala kakhulu.
Ubomi Buqu
Uthando lokuqala lobutsha lwe-poet lwaluqalisa uMaria Gustavovna Falz-Yayingubani onikelwe kumbongo "umhla wokuqala." Umfazi ongumhlolokazi wegosa, wayehlala eElishaverode, wayengumdala kakhulu eTarkovsky. UMaria Gustavovna wayeyimyuziyali, wabhala imibongo wobomi bakhe. Kodwa ubudlelwane obukhulu kunye ne-FALTS khange bungasebenzi.
I-biography ye-Arseny Tarkovsky inemitshato emithathu yaseburhulumenteni. Ixesha lokuqala watshata ngo-1928 kumlingane weklasi kaMaria Ivanovna vishntsokova. Kumtshato abantwana ababini bazalwa - uAndrei noMarina. Unyana ka-Arseny uya kuba ngumlawuli omkhulu wefilimu kunye nowokwolisi, impela.
Ngo-1937, utata wabantwana ababini ushiya usapho kwi-Aletone Aleksandrovna Bochonov. Ngokuqhawula ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nomtshato omtsha wabhaliswa kuphela ngo-1940. I-biographens ngenxa yezizathu zomtshato wokuqala zibona isizathu sokubhengezwa: abantwana. Bafuna ixesha, ingqalelo, ukhathalelo. Imbongi ngenxa yokuyila ifunwa luthando, ukuthula noxolo.
Ngapha koko, uNyana uAndrei wakhumbula ukuba umama wayengu "uThembano kubomi bemihla ngemihla": bekungekho malekele kwifestile endlini. Ibhinqa lalibaluleke kakhulu ngokomoya. Kuyabonakala ukuba, i-terkovsky-dala ifuna ukuzola kunye nekhaya lasekhaya.
Umfazi wesibini kaTarkovsky kwilizwi loqobo lwegama. Yayimsusile ukusuka ngaphambili ukuya kwikomkhulu kwaye yafumana ukucocwa komlenze owenzakeleyo kuNjingalwazi odumileyo vishnevsky. Kwakungekho bantwana jikelele emtshatweni, intombi ka-Antoina yayingathandi. Abahlobo be-arseniy khumbula ukuba i-bochonov yayinobubele, intle kwaye ithambile. Kwaye i-terikovky ifuna umfazi onamandla ongathumela umphefumlo wokuyila.
Ngo-1947, imbongi ishiya u-Antona, kodwa uqhawulo-mtshato lubonisa kuphela ngoDisemba 1950. NgoJanuwari 26, 1951, waphinda watshata uTatiana Azekseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseevna ozseeevna. Ibhinqa, ngokwemigangatho yeSoviet, yayiyindoda ekhuselweyo, yafumana inguqulelo yenoveli eyaziwayo ukusuka kwisiNgesi. Umzekelo, inguqulelo yakhe yomoya "womoya" uMargaret Mitchell wayenempumelelo enkulu.
Kuyabetha ukuba akanamdla wokuqhawula umtshato nomntu obhinqileyo angayi kwakha ubudlelwane obutsha. Wayebonakala eshiya ithemba kuzo zombini: kuba into enye ebuyile, enye, yayiza kwenza ntoni.
Ukufa
Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi iTarkovsky yayihlala ikwindlu yamagteyitha ye-cinema. NgoNovemba 1988, imeko yakhe yayekisa kabukhali, kwaye imbongi yayizimisele ukuba unyango kwisibhedlele sezonyango. UArseny Alexandrovich usweleke nge-27 kaMeyi ka-1989, unobangela wokufa kukupha.
Batsho kakuhle kwiTartovsky kwiholo enkulu yendlu enkulu yendlu yababhali, bangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni ePeredalkino. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokusweleka kwe-Arseny Tarkovsky Posticeod I-USSR State State State.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1962 - "Phambi kwekhephu"
- Ngo-1966 - "Umhlaba - Umhlaba"
- Ngo-1969 - "Vestnik"
- Ngo-1974 - "Umbongo"
- Ngo-1978 - "Iintaba zeMark"
- Ngo-1980 - "Usuku lobusika"
- Ngo-1982 - "Iintandokazi"
- Ngo-1983 - "Imibongo yeminyaka eyahlukeneyo"
- Ngo-1987 - "Ukususela kulutsha ukuya ekukhuleni"
- Ngo-1987 - "Yiba Nguwe"
- Ngo-1988 - "Iinkwenkwezi Ngaphezulu kweAragatz"
- Ngo-1993 - "Ukukhanya Okusikelelekileyo"