Biography
Umlawuli uTutankani waziwa ngesibakala sokuba wayeyirhoxisa iguquko loMlawuli wangaphambili kaEhnaton. Kodwa ukuvulwa kwamangcwaba akhe kuye kwaba sisiganeko esimangalisayo sembali ye-Archaeology kwaye wavula ikhuselo lemfihlakalo lebhayiloji yakhe. Namhlanje, uTutankani uthathwa njengenye yezona zinto zidumileyo zempucuko yamandulo yase-Egypt.Ubomi neBhodi yeBhodi
I-Tutankacton HouunushChea Nechaprore - UFaro we-Egypt yamandulo ukusuka kwi-18th eJamani yobukumkani obutsha, owawulawulwa ngo-1332-1323 kwixesha lethu. Unyuswe ngoMoya welanga elihlwaywe ilanga lika-Anton, kodwa emva kokurhoxiswa kwakhe wathabatha igama elinguTutankamam.
Kukholelwa ukuba nguFawu ophelileyo womdaniso, ononxibelelwano olungenguye ophambi kwayo. Kuba kwakungekho lwazi luchanekileyo malunga nemvelaphi, i-Egypptologists ibeka ii-hypotheses ezimbini. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba uTutANKHAmon wayengunyana kaEzhaton ovela kumfazi wesibini uKie. Kwaye abanye banyana baka-Ameriyotep III kunye nomntakwabo omncinci kaEhnantoton.
I-Tutankankamon iya etroneni enenkwenkwana, iminyaka engama-8 -9. Phantsi kwento, iBhodi idluliselwe ootitshala ababini kunye neeRents - uAeie noHoramheebu. Owokuqala wathathwa njengeyona nto iphambili ye-synovnik, kodwa phantsi kweTutANkamon yaba ngumbingeleli ka-Amon. Okwesibini yayiyimfazwe, wayengonelisekanga yinyani yokuba, ngenxa yokuba, ngenxa yokuba, ngenxa yokuba, ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo wobuqhetseba, i-EHNAnton iJiphutha ilahlekile empuma Mediteraan.
Ngaphambili, i-Aeie kunye ne-Aeie kwaye ijongiwe yayijongwa njengezihlobo ze-Ehnaton. Kodwa emva kokubulawa kukaFaro, zonke iimfundiso ezisisondezelayo i-Antinema, oko kukuthi, bazama ukutshabalalisa. Idolophu enkulu kaFaro Eztaton yatshatyalaliswa kwaye yangcatshwa i-odovion. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba phantsi kweTutANKAKHAmon, idolophu enkulu ibuyiselwa kwiziseko, ngokwenyani yokuba uFaro wayephethe uninzi lukarhulumente eMemphis.
UTutANkamon watshata noAhasenton, iintombi zikaEhnantoton, xa wayeneminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Ngenxa yoko, kwakukho umolokazana womlawuli. Ngeziphi izizathu ezidalwe ngumanyano awaziwa, kunye nobudlelwane babo. Emva kwexesha, inkosikazi yathatha indawo yegama lakhe yaza yaqalisa ukubizwa ngokuba yi-Amonionatam, oko kuthetha ukuba "ubomi bayo yeyakho."
Ngexesha lolawulo lukaTutankamon, ezinye iinguqu zenzekile. Kukho ukuvuselelwa kwezithethe zenkcubeko yase-Egypt kunye nembuyekezo ye-FVAna yokulawula ilizwe. Abantu bomthonyama abavela emkhosini nasephakathi kulawulo lwangaphambili bagcina impembelelo yabo kwimicimbi kaRhulumente. Ke, ababingeleli kunye nomkhosi baphinde badibana nenkundla.
Ndikunye noTutankani, ukubuyiselwa kwemiphumo eshiyiweyo yoothixo bangaphambili base-Egypt naseKosha. Umzekelo, iitempile emqolombeni kunye ne-faras.
Emva kokubuyiselwa kwezithixo zakudala, i-tutnkankamon ayizange inyanzele inkolo yase-Anton. Ngonyaka we-9 wolawulo lwentengiselwano kaFaro yelanga, isenezidinga. Umzobo welanga kunye ne-Ehnanton igcinwe engafundiswanga, kwaye kwiincwadi ezibhaliweyo umlawuli ngamanye amaxesha zibiza "noNyana eHON."
Ukongeza kumsebenzi wokubuyiselwa, kwimiyalelo kaFaro kwiTWANGCISO LE-TERT, ukugqiba i-Colonnade yeColonnade igqityiwe. Kwakhona, ngenxa yeTutANkamon, itempile yaseKhoron yakhiwa eGiza, nakwi-NibiIi-i-wibiI enkulu kwi-Amenhotep II igqityiwe.
Ukufa
Emva kwesikhumbuzo se-9 sikarhulumente, uFaro oBukubukumkani obutsha wabhubhile esemncinci, xa uthelekiswa nabanye - ngeminyaka eli-18 okanye eli-19. Ukufa okunjalo kwakugqalwa njengento engaqhelekanga, yeza phambili ingcinga yokuba umlawuli wabulawa. Kodwa uTutankemon wasweleka, echaphazeleka esi sifo.
Ababhali-mbali bathi uFaro wawa enqwelweni kwaye wabulawa yingxaki - ukwaphuka komlenze ovulekileyo. NgoMatshi 8, 2005, i-Egypttologist caak havoss, eyakhokelela kophando, iziphumo zophando lovavanyo lwe-Mummy zabhengezwa. Kwakungekho kulandelwa kokulimala kwe-cranial, kwaye kwakungekho krafika kwi-skiull-isiphumo sezenzo zababingeleli - parachitis. Iziphumo zophando zitshitshiwe kwaye ziqaqambile.
I-Sulng Fabhu ibaluleke kakhulu, eqinisekisa i-ties enxulumene ne-Ehnanton kwaye iyaphikisana nesigqibo malunga nobukho be-syndrome kaMarfan. Emva kokubamba iintlanganiso noogxa kunye namanye amazwe, abaphandi bafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba unobangela wokufa kukaTutankani yi-Gangnene eqhubekayo ngenxa yokuqhekeka. Njengoko ubungqina bungqubana kakhulu kwithambo lenyama yasekhohlo. Yayisetyenziselwa ukukholelwa ukuba esi siphene sinxulunyaniswa nesibongozo sangathathi-nxaxheba kubathathi-nxaxheba abathathi-nxaxheba abazimeleyo, bayifumana ingcwaba.
Ukuvula amangcwaba
I-Tutankanimon ye-Tutankamon (i-KV62 yento) ikwi "Valley yookumkani", kufutshane neFIV. Le kuphela i-phantse ingcwaba elingenamanzi, elifikelele kwizazinzulu zangoku kwifom yalo yoqobo, ngaphandle kwenza imizamo emibini yokuvula amasela.
Umngcwabo wafunyanwa ngo-1922 ngabaphandi ababini isiNgesi - uHody Carter Carter kunye neNkosi uCarnarvon. Ababhali-mbali, uTutANKHAMhlala umlinganiswa ongaziwayo nonyaka wesibini, de kufumanise ukufunyanwa kwengcwaba.
Ngapha koko, abanye babekholelwa ukuba uTkaankamon wayengengabo bonke. Ke ngoko, ukuvulwa kwengcwaba lakhe kwakungoyena mkhulu kwizenzo zakudala. Ngokwenene, ngexesha lolawulo, uTutANKHAmon akazange afezekise nantoni na ebalaseleyo, ngaphandle kokuyeka i-Atonism.
Ekuqaleni kukaNovemba 1922, umnyango wengcwaba wacocwa, ukushicilela emanyango kuhlala kuhleli. Le nyaniso ifakwe kwiingcali zezinto zakudala zinethemba lokwenza owona mkhulu wenkulungwane. Abaphandi ababini bavula ingcwaba babenethuba lokuhla kuqala kuye.
Phakathi kwezixhobo kunye nezinto ezingcwatyelweyo noMlawuli, ubuncwane bokwenyani bafunyanwa - izinto zobugcisa zithwala impembelelo yexesha le-Amarn. Ingcwaba likaFaro liye laba nomdla ngakumbi, yaza laza lafunyanwa igama likaTutANKHAMY.
Engcwabeni lafumana ubucwebe obukhulu kunye ne-sarcophagus ngeMumia Faro. I-roll yegolide igcinwe kakuhle. Namhlanje, lixabiso eliphambili lemyuziyam yeCairo, apho unokwenza ifoto ngalo mbandela wakudala. Imaski yaseJiphutha ibandakanya ukuhlonipha kakhulu.
Ke bona abantwana bomlawuli, bafunyanwa amaduna eentombi ezibini engcwabeni likaTutANkamon, obeswelekayo kwasebusaneni. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba abantwana sele bezelwe. Akukho lwazi malunga nezinye iindlalifa zikaFaro. Ukusweleka kwabantwana kusenokubangela ukuba igazi elincinci ixesha elide, eyayingunobangela wokupheliswa kwendlu.
Iintsomi kunye nesiqalekiso
Ithiyori eqhelekileyo malunga nokusweleka kwabathathi-nxaxheba kuqoqosho lubukho befungi kunye ne-microorganisms engcwabeni. Ukumbiwa kwe-Inkosi George Karnarvon, osweleke nge-5 ka-Epreli, ngo-1923 kwi-Cairo Ihotele ilizwekazi laseCairo kwilizwekazi. Umphandi wagula ngokupheliswa kwemiphunga. Kodwa ke kwaoko iindaba zangaphambi kokuba ifa kukufa. Abanye abameli boondaba baseKarnarvon basweleka ngenxa yo "usulelo lwegazi elivela kwingozi ye-razor" okanye ukuluma okungaqondakaliyo kwe-mosquito. "
Ngapha koko, iintatheli zazidla ngokufudumeza amahlenga ahambelana "sisiqalekiso sikaFaro". Kutyholwa kukhokelela ekufeni kwento yengcwaba. Kwakukho amaxhoba angama-22, ali-13 ababezinyaswe ngokuvula umngcwabo.
Nangona kunjalo, izibakala zibonisa ukuba "ubungqina" babuyile ukuze kufezekiswe iimvakalelo. Uninzi lwabaphengululi kwiQela leCarter lifikile ubudala. Uye wafunyanwa okokugqibela kwiqela xa wayeneminyaka engama-66 ubudala.
Imemori
Kuncwadi lobugcisa
- I-peripea yenguqu ye-Ehnaton ukuya eHoramechek ichazwe kwi-trilogy ye-Gerald Remessier "I-Stors kwiNayile".
- Kwinoveli "isithunzi sikaFaro" sombhali waseSantiago Morata Tutankhamon Dosty noThengiseksi.
- Iqhawe eliphambili lenoveli yeDmitry Merezkovsky "Ukuzalwa koothixo. I-Tutankamon eCrete. "
- Moiseevava clara. "Intombi kaEhnapton"
Kwi-cinema
- I-Canada-Media-Merika Medication yeefilimu ezintathu "apha" (ngo-2015) zisekwe kubomi bukaFaro wase-Egypt Tutankani. Indima yobudala kaFaro yazalisekisa umlingisi u-Vaga.
- Imbali yeNtsebenziswano ye-Egyptlogist iHomer Bhokor kunye neNkosi uCarnarvon, owayekhokelele ekuvuleni ingqekembe yeTutankamon, kwakusekwe kwicebo le-Tutanhanhamon (2016).
- Ibali malunga nengcwaba laseTutANKHAmon lixelelwa kuthotho lokuqala longcelele lwamanqaku athi "Kincwadi Yeencwadi Ze-Indiana Young Jones".
- Sulain / Tutankankashamchik - ikhathuni ngoFaro.