Biography
Iintsomi zobuhle be-nefertiti, umfazi kaFaro Amenihotep IV, ziyaphinda ziphindaphindwa ngabathandi bembali yeJiputa. Intombazana enebhongo, malunga nokuba kwakukho ulwazi oluncinci malunga nexesha elidlulileyo, yaba yingqekembe eyavakaliswayo nguRhulumente kwaye incedise iqabane labo ukuba lazise inkolo entsha kwilizwe. Ukujonga ifoto eyenziwe ngebhanti egciniweyo, kukhuselekile ukuthi "ubuhle obuhle" (inguqulelo yokoqobo "(iguqulelo yokoqobo lwegama lokumkanikazi) lifanelekile ngokwenene.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Indawo apho uNefertito wazalelwa khona. Umhla wokuzalwa kukaRhulumente 1370 BC BC. Akukho siqinisekiso sokuba ukumkanikazi wexesha elizayo wavela kumhlaba waseYiputa. Inguqulelo eqhelekileyo ithi intombazana yawa kwilizwe leRiphabhlikhi yeArmenia kwiminyaka eli-12. Kuyenzeka ukuba igama lokwenyani le-nefertiti yi-tadich. Umntwana wazalelwa eMesopotamiya kwintsapho kaKumkani uTashrut. Ukubeka ubulala noFaro, uNefertiti wathumela eYiputa njengesipho.
Kuyenzeka ukuba i-ANHHHOTEP III yayingutata wokwenene kaNefertiti, nobuhle bobuhle - ishweshwe le-harem, apho intombazana encinci iya kuhlala khona. Omnye umgqatswa wesikhundla sokuba ngumzali, i-Egypptologists ibiza igosa eliphezulu eligama linguAyi. I-AM, akukho nanye yeenkolelo ezicetywayo inenombolo eyaneleyo yeziseko.
Ibhunga lolawulo
Ngexesha lokukhulisa intombazana ekhulayo, uFaro uyafa. Ukwazi ngokungacwangciswanga kunye nonyana womlawuli uAmerihotep IV (okwabizwa ngokuba yi-Ehnaton) iguqule ngokumangalisayo i-biography yemvakalelo. Endaweni yokufa ebuhlungu, eyayilindele bonke abahlali base Homrem, ababesele bekonwabele uNkosi, uNefertiti uhlala kwindawo 'yomfazi ophambili' womlawuli omtsha waseYiputa.
Intombazana eyayiphantse yaneminyaka eli-16 ubudala, ithatha isigqibo esivakalayo sokungayibizi iingcinga zotshintsho lomlingane. I-Asmerhotep IV, iv ivakalise ixesha lenkolo entsha. Oothixo abaninzi baka-Aton bafika bathathe indawo kaThixo kuphela, ukuba bavume ilanga.
Isigqibo esidibeneyo seqabane lehlela idolophu enkulu kaRhulumente kwiSixeko saseAketaton. Inkxaso yeqabane lomlingane weqabane lezazisa iziqhamo zeNefertiti - UFaro walixela iqabane lakhe linesiqinisekiso, umfazi we-Vladyki akazange afihle kwibhotwe eliseleyo. UNefertiti kunye nomyeni wakhe bathatha amanani ezopolitiko, bemyeka umsitho kwaye besenza iminyhadala yokumzukisa uThixo omtsha.
Ukuphela kolawulo olulingayo lweza emva kokufa kwenye yeentombi zamaqabane. Mhlawumbi uEhleton waqala wacinga ukuba ukuqhubela phambili kohlobo lwakhe, ngoko ke ukungabi nako ukuba ngumfazi wazala indlalifa ipholile ubushushu bukaFaro.
UNefertiti uhluthwe amandla kwaye ushiye ibhotwe kangangeminyaka eliqela. Akufuni ukuphila ubomi obungafunekiyo, ubuhle buyathatha imisebenzi katitshala kaTokankan-ekuphela kwendlalifa yeqabane kunye nonyana womfazi wesibini kaFaro. Buyela umva kwitrone, uNefertiti ufumana ithuba lokuphembelela izigqibo zeqabane, kodwa ngoku iyenza ngokufihlakeleyo.
I-Egyptptologists iyaxoxa ukuba emva kokubulawa kwe-Amenihotep, iV Nefertiti yayithimba itrone, yazizalela uFaro, inyula igama le-smenckar. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, xa uTutnkankan wafika kwinqanaba lokukhula, ukumkanikazi ngokuzithandela wayishiya iBhodi. Ithiyori enjalo ayiqinisekiswanga linani elaneleyo lokufumana ubungqina bembali.
Ubomi Buqu
Umlingane wokuqala kancinane obophe ubuhle baba yiAmenhotep III. Nangona kunjalo, imanyano yomtshato yaba nentsingiselo enemiqathango. UNefertiti wayese-harere off of Gral kwaye waphantse wadibana neqabane lakhe, echitha ixesha namanye amashweshwe. Emva kokusweleka kwe-Amenihotep, Urhulumente wexesha elizayo wase-Egypt wasongela ukufa. Ngokwakwinkulungwane ye-theredeni-yakudala yesiko leshweshwe likaFaro lalingcwaba kunye nequla.I-Nenketiti ikhuphe i-Ameriti i-Amerthotep IV - unyana Amenhotep III. Asaziwa apho umfana othile abone intombazana, kodwa inyibilikisiwe ngobuhle kwaye ilungiselelo le-cubine elitshatileyo noSfertatiti, ngaloo mthume ekufeni. Kungekudala phakathi koFaro kunye no "iqabane eliphambili" (enjalo itayitile yafumana ubuhle) yaphulela iimvakalelo ezinamandla.
U-Nefertiti wazala uFaro weentombi ezi-6, kwaye waphawula ukuqala kweengxaki emtshatweni. Ndinqwenela ukuqhubeka noncedo lwendlalifa, iAmenhotep iv ichitha umfazi wayo kwiPhondo. Nangona kunjalo, iqabane elitsha, uNyana owalizalayo, kamsinya kamsinya ngumlawuli waseYiputa. UNefertiti ubuyela ekhaya kwaye akananxalenye yakhe kunye nentanda yakhe de afe.
Ukufa
I-Egypptologists ithi ukumkanikazi wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Oku kuphela kolwazi malunga nabaphandi abathetha ngawo ngokuzithemba. I-Mummy Nefertiti ayifunyanwanga, ngenxa yoko ayinakwenzeka ukumisela unobangela wokufa kwe-Amerithote ye-Amerithote iv.
Kukho ithiyori yokuba emva kokusweleka kwababingeleli bakaFaro, awonelisekanga yimiyalelo emitsha, walungiselela ipleyiti kwaye wabulala ukumkanikazi. Ngokutsho kolunye uhlobo lwezazinzulu, isifo esingaziwayo sokuba uLekari wayengaphawulwa ekuhambeni kwexesha ukuba abeke ukufa kukaNefertiti. Ibhinqa lafa kwiPhilas.
Indawo yokungcwaba yobuhle obunempembelelo ayaziwa. Kwiminyaka engama-20, abembi bezinto zakudala zenza amaxesha aphezulu ukuba bafumene ingcwaba lokumkanikazi, kodwa isheke elicokisekileyo aliqinisekisi ukuchaneka kokufumana.
Ngowe-2015, esekelwe phezu uphengululo isazi Carl Nicholas Rivza, ukuba abembi wathi umzimba uNefertiti yayifihlakele kwigumbi ngasese ibekwe kwingcwaba Tutankhamon. Kodwa ezinye iimbambano ezoyikisayo zokwaphula okanye akukho donga zifihla ingcwaba, alizange libe lingaphezulu.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- Ukuze ungaphulukani nefuthe emva kokusweleka komyeni wakhe, uNeferiti watshata noTutANkamon kwintombazana yabo ka-Ahasenpaton.
- Kwiintombi ezi-6 zokumkanikazi kwilizwe eliqolileyo baphila 3.
- Malunga nobuhle bukaRhulumente wase-Egypt unokugwetywa ngokuqhubela phambili kukaNefertiti. Abembi bezinto zakudala bafumanise ukufumana ibala lezinto ezixabisekileyo kwimizi yeSixeko saseAccastaton. Ngoku umzobo womfazi uthunyiwe kumhlaba wemyuziyam entsha eBerlin.
- Ukuncancisa kukaEhnaton ukusuka eNefertiti kuthathwa njengeyona nto iphambili kuyo. I-BAS-IXESHA, apho uFaro wayenga iqabane lakho, wafunyanwa kufundo lwe-AHetaton. Ukongeza kwisibini esilawulayo, emfanekisweni kukho i-athon.
- Ikamva likarhulumente liyelenqe lokwenza ifilimu yefilimu. Ifilimu "ye-nefertiti" yaba yeyona ithandwa kakhulu, epapashwe ngo-1995. Indima yokumkanikazi wenza uMichel Rocco di Torrepadud.