Biography
Kuzma Petrova-Vodkina, umculi osebenze kwi-cunchs ezimbini, abantu abadala ababizwa ngokuba "yi-Icon yamandulo yaseRussia, iya kuba kwixesha elizayo." Iibhanti zomhlobi azizange zibonakalise ngoku, kodwa ziprofeta naye. Kwaye wabangela ukuba abalandeli kunye nabagxeki. Esokuqala bathethwa ngoGenius, isimboli esinzulu, abanye - oko kuya kuba ngcono kwiPetrov-Vodkin, njengoko bekucwangcisiwe ukuba asebenze kwishishini lololiwe okanye aqhubeke nomzi.Ebuntwaneni
Umzobo wexesha elizayo wazalelwa kumantla oMmandla weSaratov, kwidolophu yaseSarink, ekwibhanki yasekunene yeVolga. Intsapho yePetrov-Vodkina yayidume ngokuba "ngookhokho bazo, ifundwe" ngoPeter. Utatomkhulu uKzma eKhmlya wagqobhoza iqabane lakhe ngesithsaba, kunye neeyure ezimbalwa kamva, kwaye wasweleka. Ukususela ngoko, abantwana bakaPetros babizwa ngokuba yipetrov, emva koko vodkoe.
Umculi uye kwifani "yelifa" eliphindwe kabini, akahloneli cala kwaye ekhumbuza intlekele yosapho. Utata kaPetroni, uSepgey Petrovich, efumene "ukugonywa" ovela kuvavanyo oluhle kakhulu, wayengeyona nto iphambili kwaye kungcono kwisixeko saseSapozchuk.
Ukuqala kokuqala kwi-Kuzma iphawulwe ebuntwaneni. Inkwenkwe ixelele ukungazange kwenziwe ngaphambili ngelishwa ukuba abaphulaphuli babekholelwa ukuba ukholelwe. Ingqungquthela yokuzoba ikwabonakalisile kwiminyaka yokuqala. I-fan yokuqala yobuchule bomzukulwana nguMakhulu Arina. Imbonakalo yomhlaba, ipeyintwe yi-Kuzma enepeyinti yeoyile kwisiqwengana se-ngokukhawuleza, umfazi wamkelekileyo kwaye wabadubezayo ngengcwaba laseGiyodor.
Umfanekiso "womfanekiso wesibini wePetrova-Vodkina wahlonela amangcwaba amangcwaba. Ngeli xesha-ngombulelo ngobomi obusindisiweyo. Kwakuthengwa kwe-Kuzma eVolga, kodwa wagalela kude kakhulu kwaye, ephumile ebugorha, waqala ukuntywila. Ukugcina inkwenkwe eCarrier Intarov, eyayikwazi ukuqubha ngesikhephe.
Emva kweveki, i-Zakharov, egcina ixhoba elilandelayo lamaza, latshona. I-volm enephenyane elincinci lomphathi kunye neentloko zentshuntshe ezenziweyo kumhlanguli oswelekileyo, i-Iltory "yokuqala" ye-Ilt "ye-votga tin.
I-Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin ifundwe kwisikolo se-4-Cech. Apho ndaziqhelanisa neepende ze icon kwaye ndizame ukuphinda ibonwa. Umsebenzi wokuqala akazange amkele umfundisi: Umama kaThixo waza wafakwa emhlabeni, efana ne-rustic banly yasemhlabeni.
Ngo-1893, ukuphumelela esikolweni, iPetrov-Vodkin yaya eSamara ukuba iqhubeke imfundo kwaye ifumane okhethekileyo yomsebenzi kaloliwe. Iimviwo ku-Kuzma aziphumelelanga, kodwa zingadideki kwaye zangena esikolweni se-ferter ferter farov. Emva kweminyaka emi-2, uFerdo Emelyanovich wasweleka, abafundi bayanyibilika. Umthendeleko oneminyaka eli-15 ubudala ubuyise ekhaya.
Indlela yokuya kubugcisa bonyana ongu-Olimpiki yavulwa nguMama, inkosikazi kwindlu yabarhwebi. Wawubonisa umsebenzi kaKuzma ukuya kwi-Arbert-Grifrich Melzer kwisimemo semikhosi. Inkwenkwe echatshazelwe yitalente, umyili-we-Arkindlot yayinethamsanqa kumzobo oselula eSt.
Imetshi kunye nabaxhasi belizwe elinesiphiwo babengabathengisi beKazarina. Bayihlawule indlu kunye nokufunda kuzma.
Ukupeyinta
Kwi-St. Petersburg, ibhayiloji yokuyila yepeyinti ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Amava afunyenwe kwipiyalyansk ayeluncedo: I-Perov-Vodkin yadala imizobo yeNtombi enguMariya nosana lweCawa luhlala kwiZiko leCawa. Ukuguqulela imizobo ye icon kwi-ceramics, umculi waya eNgilani, kumzi-mveliso. Iphaneli eMajolika isukele kwanamhlanje.
Ngo-1987, ku-Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin wafudukela eMoscow, apho waba ngumfundi wesikolo sokupeyinta, eyoyikisayo noyilo. Wafunda phantsi kweValentina Serov. Ngo-1900, wasebenza kwisityalo sokwenzela ukwenziwa kwe-ceramic kwilali yelali yaseAlsvatsky kufutshane neMoscow. Isikolo siphumelele ngo-1905.
Ukususela ebuntwaneni, umfana onomdla wokufika kunye nokufika kuka-Adventure ukuba atyelele iYurophu, kodwa kwakungekho mali yohambo. Wanceda imeko. Kwiphephandaba leMetropolitan Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin yabona isibhengezo sokubambisa indlela ukusuka eMoscow ukuya kwi-paris kumxhasi webhayisekile kuya kuhlawula iidolophu zaseYurophu.
Umculi oselula wacenga umhlobo ukuba enze inkampani aze ahambe endleleni. Badibana eJamani, babengenako amandla aneleyo kwikamva. E-Munich, ipeyinti yaseRussia yayinethamsanqa: Abahlobo baqokelele imali ukuba bahlawule iinyanga ezimbini kwisikolo sika-Anton Ashbe, apho i-Igor bilibin kunye neVasily Katinsky ngexesha elinye iphuculwe.
Iphupha elilahliweyo kwizitrato zeParis ngo-1905. Kwiminyaka emithathu, i-petrov-vodkin yathatha izifundo kwiindawo zabucala zezikolo. Ngeli xesha wayetyelele le minyaka, wayetyelele i-Itali naseMntla Afrika, ephefumlelwe 'yindlu yabasebenzi "," inkwenkwana yase-Afrika "," cafe "kwii-canvases. Kunyaka emva kokubuyela eRussia, ngo-1909, kumboniso wokuqala wobuqu.
Ngo-1910, iPetrov-Vodkin yazisa iLizwe Umfanekiso 'wobutho ", obangele ingxoxo evuthuzayo kunye nesikrelemnqa. Kwi-canvas ibonisa abafazi abangesidenge, ojonge indoda emnyama elele. I-Ilya iphendulwa ngomsebenzi wokuphononongwa kwephephandaba, kodwa uAlexander Benua obizwa ngokuba "yibutho". I-Erotism ikhona kwiipeyinti ezininzi ngumculi.
Ngo-1912, uluhlu olufuzisileyo lwazisa umsebenzi "wokuhlamba kwe-Konyayo ebomvu" ngokutshintsha uluvo lwentlawulo: Inkosi yaphendula ithi: "Italente!".
Ukupeyinta kubizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi ophambili we-kyuzgeevich, eyona nto ingaqondakaliyo kwaye "yalela ezininzi". Malunga nabalinganiswa kunye namaxabiso afihliweyo kwaye namhlanje baphikisana. Batsho ii-canvas eziphefumlelwe ziimpawu zeNovgorod ezibhalwe ziinkosi zakudala zaseRussia. Kwakukho abo babona umfanekiso womfanekiso ofikayo. Umsebenzi wobugcisa ugcinwe kwigalari yeTortykov.
Emva kweminyaka emi-3, i-Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin yathemba abathandekayo beepuzzle kunye ne-fansism enesisu esitsha - i-farright entsha- "quintrainity" elinxaniweyo ". I-Arting Connoisseursseursers Jonga amanani afana neMpuma Hieroglyphs: Intsingiselo yazo, nayo yonke into "ifundwa" njengohlobo lwe "bindo".
Umsebenzi wobugcisa wabhalwa phakathi kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yeHlabathi yeHlabathi yeHlabathi yeHlabathi, Intlungu YezoMkhosi yaseRussia. Abalandeli bezinto ezibonisa ukuba abakhweli beApocalypse aboniswa yimfazwe kwaye babambelela kwizityhilelo zikaJohn iBogoslov. Ngokoluvo lwabo, ngokutyhiliswa kwentliziyo, i-theyastropi enokwenzeka kwivangeli ibonakaliswa emfanekisweni.
Abalandeli beLinga lePetrova-Vodkina bakholwa kwisipho sakhe sokuqikelela. Ngo-1918 wabeka ubomi ogama libizwa ngokuba "nguHering". Ukumkhulisa ekuhlekeni kweligadi, umculi u-khmuro uphendule ukuba utshintshwe i-canvas - ibhloko ye-bloede. Iminyaka engama-23 ishiywe eLeningrad kwiziganeko ezoyikisayo.
Isikhumbuzo somkhosi obomvu Umculi wawunikela umfanekiso "wokufa komkhomishinari", eyenziwa yintlekele. Isigqibo semibala kunye nokuvalelwa kweNkosi yemibono "yembono ye-riser" yaqikelelwa ngababhali-mbali noogxa babo kunye noGerova-Vodkina.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5 ngaphambi kokusweleka kwe-Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin egqibile umfanekiso "1919. Ixhala ". Ibonisa indawo yokuhlala esixekweni esifakwe ngabalindi abamhlophe. Iqhawe le-scene liphazamisa kwi-Blue Towight engaphandle kwefestile, ngasemva kosapho olukhuselekileyo. I-Tragism iphuculwe ngumfanekiso womntwana oleleyo.
I-canvas itsaliwe ngo-1934 kwaye, ngokobugokazi bomculi, kuphela ebizwa ngokuba ngu "1919". Umboneleli obukhali wakuva iflowheel yokukhuthaza ingcinezelo ye-stalinist kunye ne-alamu ekhulayo eluntwini.
Utshintsho lwe-Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin lwamkelwe, yayingesosisiso kwaye, njengoko kwakubonakala kubo bonke abantu, wayenoluvo lweli lizwe. Kodwa xa umculi engazange abe yinkanuko yakhe: Abasemagunyeni ngequbuliso bakrokrela ukuba imvelaphi yepeyini yenzeka e-Icon, kwaye ifunyazekile i-Kuzma, i-Sergeeevich yafihla amanye amanye amazwe .
Ubomi Buqu
EParis, i-Perov-vovki eneminyaka engama-27 ubudala-Vodkin yadibana nomntu awayehlala naye de kube sekupheleni kweentsuku. UMara - Intombi yomnini wepenshini ye-Parsis - yaba ngumfazi othembekileyo uMaria Fedorovna. Kwiofisi ye-Sodolophu yekomkhulu laseFransi, abasanda kupeyinta, kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-2, ngo-1908, bashiya iRussia.
Umfazi wentombi ka-Elena wazala uKzma Ivanovich kwiminyaka engama-37 ubudala. Kumsitho, umzobi uphendule ngenzondelelo:
"Ndandingumntu ngaphandle kokuba ndibone! Ngoku ndinento eyiphilayo! ".Ukufa
Ngo-1928, oogqirha bavalwa yi-Petrov-Vodkin ukuba basebenze neepeyinti: Ukukhutshelwa kokuphuma kwesifo sephepha esichaphazelekayo.
I-Kuzma Ivanovich isuka kwidolophu yasemantla kwilali yabantwana, apho uAlexei Tolstoy, uKonstantin noVy.ckerlav Shishkov emjikele, bamngqonga.
Umculi ungenise ipeni kwaye wabhala amabali angama-20, amadlala ama-12 kunye neenoveli ezi-3. I-Noves ezimbini i-Itrov-Vodkin yayikwindlu yokupapasha, kodwa i-rove "gorkmy gork. Emva kokugxekwa kwezincoko zomshicileli, iingcango zazivaliwe phambi kweKuzma Ivanovich.
Ayisiyo indoda eqaqambileyo yesimboli kunye nokuposa phakathi kwe-19 kaFebruwari ngo-1939. Iphenyane lalilinganisa iminyaka engama-60, kwaye unobangela wokufa yayisisifo sephepha.
Ukupeyinta
- Ngo-1907 - "Inkwenkwe yase-Afrika"
- 1910 - "Lala"
- Ngo-1912 - "ukuqubha ihashe elibomvu lokuhlamba"
- Ngo-1915 - "QAPHELA IQELA"
- Ngo-1915 - "amantombazana kwiVolga"
- Ngo-1916 - "kumgca womlilo"
- Ngo-1917 - "kusasa. Amagqabi »
- Ngo-1918 - "ukhetha"
- Ngo-1918 - "I-PROWRAIT"
- Ngo-1918 - "Molo
- Ngo-1920 - "1918 ePetpograd"
- Ngo-1922 - "I-PRORRAIT YABA A. A. AKHEOTOVA"
- Ngo-1928 - "Ukufa Kwomkhomishinari"
- Ngo-1934 - "1919. Ixhala "
- Ngo-1934 - "I-Prorait yeV. I. Lenin"