Biography
Umbhali waseRussia odumileyo u-Alexander Green uGreen wazisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwigumbi lokufundela. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabafundisi banxibelelanisa eli gama lomntu onetalente, ubomi obupheliswe zizibakala ezinomdla, kunye nesesini ebomvu ", ethi ibhalile ngembali yegama lentombazana. Oyena gonyamelo uphezulu wencwadi wadibana ne-Arthur Arthur Andar yam ithandekayo, kunye necebo lo msebenzi malunga nokholo olungagungqiyo kunye nephupha elinyanisekileyo laba luhlaselo lwe-cinematographic yabalawuli abadumileyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UAlexander Grinevsky (igama lokwenyani lombhali) wazalwa nge-11 (23) Agasti 1880. Ubuntwana bukaSasha abancinci babanjwa kwisixeko saseSloboddsky, ngoku ngoku kummandla weKirov. UGreen wakhula waza wenziwa kwintsapho engafundanga, eyayingelilo ihlabathi eliyincwadi.
Utata wakhe uStefan Grinevsky, Pole ngobuzwe, wezomkhosi weyunithi emkhosini. Xa uStephan (eRussia, i-stan evfeeevich ibiza kuye) wayeneminyaka engama-20, waba lilungu lenkokeli kaJanuwari, eye yenzeka ngo-1863.
Kumfundi oxhobileyo kumazwe awayefudula e-Commonwealth, eyafudukela kuBukhosi baseRussia, irigneevski yayikukukhutshwa okungapheliyo kwiPhondo laseKomsk. Ngo-1868, le ndoda yayivunyelwe ukuba ihlale kwiPhondo laseVyatka.
Ngo-1873, irigigvsky yenza isicelo sesandla kunye neentliziyo zakhe u-Anna Ladkaya, owayesebenza njengomongikazi. I-Alexander Alexander yazalwa evela kumaqabane kuphela emva kweminyaka esixhenxe yokuhlala kunye. Emva kwexesha, i-rinevia yabonakala ngakumbi abantwana abathathu: inkwenkwe namantombazana amabini. Abazali bakhulisa luhlaza ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Ngamanye amaxesha umbhali wexesha elizayo wayethululelwe, kwaye kwamanye amaxesha apho akohlwaywa ngokungqongqo okanye waphosa engakhathalelwanga.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uthando luka-Alexander lwabonakala ukuba basemncinci. Xa umntwana wayeneminyaka emi-6 ubudala, wafunda ukulesa: Endaweni yokudlala noontanga kumoya omtsha, inkwenkwe yakhwaza iincwadi. I-funcy yokuqala yomsebenzi kaSasha yaba yi-tetrafan swift "uhambo lukaGulliera", oluxela indlela abanye uLemuweli emhlabeni waseLiliput.
Ukongeza, oluhlaza oluselula wamkela amabali malunga neendlela zokuhamba ezingoyiki abahamba kwindawo emanzini yomhlaba. Ke ngoko, ayimangalisi into yokuba umntu ongumntu ongumncinci ofuna ukuphindaphinda uBomi boLwezisi: Iphupha ukuya elwandle, uSasha wenza imizamo yokubaleka endlwini.
Ngo-1889, inkwenkwana eneminyaka elithoba ubudala yanikwa kwiklasi yokulungiselela isikolo sokwenyani. Ngendlela, omnye ofunda nabo wanika i-Sasha Nickmentoy "Green". Kuyaphawuleka ukuba umbhali wemisebenzi ibingengomntwana othobelayo: ngokuchasene, wanikela ngxaki kubafundisi-ntsapho abaphawula ukuba indlela awayeziphatha ngayo 'yayimbi ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye. " Nangona kunjalo, luhlaza okukwazi ukuphelisa iklasi yokulungiselela kwaye uye kwinqanaba elingentla.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngumkhulu wesibini, unyana kaPolili wasePolish Shkitich akafakwanga esikolweni. Inyani yile yokuba uSasha, owakhunjulwa ngumlinganiswa ongapheliyo, wagqiba kwelokuba abonise italente yakhe kwaye wabhala umbongo malunga notitshala.
Kuyinyani, lo msebenzi awuzange ube sisitayela seLomonosov: Iqulathe i-Ironict Shotext kwaye yaqwalaselwa kakhulu. Kodwa ngo-1892, irignevsky ikwazile ukubuyela kufunda: Ndiyabulela kuye utata, lo mfana uthathe isikolo saseVyatka, esasinodumo olubi.
Xa umfana othile waphelisa iminyaka eli-15 ubudala, isiganeko esothusayo senzeka ebomini bakhe: uAlexander Green waphulukana nonina abasweleke esifo sephepha.
Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, i-stennin ye-rinevsky itshatile uLidiya Boretskoy, nangona kunjalo, ubudlelwane kunye nolwalamano lukaShumi aluzange lubekwe kwintsapho katata ngokwahlukeneyo. Umphathi welizwi waphila wedwa, kwaye ukusuka kwimozulu yephondo vyatka, apho "ubuxoki, entloko, engukumkani", elawula iincwadi ezilawulwayo.
I-prise yexesha elizayo ichithe iminyaka emithandathu etora. Ngeli xesha, wakwazi ukusebenza njengegqwetha leencwadi, umthwalo, umlobi, umlobi, umlobi, umphathi, kunye nomculi wesekethe etyhafileyo. Ngo-1896, waphumelela kwisikolo saseVyatka, waya eOdessa, ukuze abe ngumatiloshe, efumana ii-rubles ezingama-25 kuBawo. Kwidolophu entsha eluhlaza kangangeendlela ezithile, wayengenamali yokutya.
Xa uAlexander wazifumana enqanaweni-ithemba lakhe alizange lihambelane nenyani: endaweni yokoyika, lo mfana wakufumana isikizi lomsebenzi wenqanawa kunye nohambo kunye nomphathi wenqanawa.
Ngo-1902, ngenxa yeemfuno ezigqithisileyo kwimali, uAlexander Stepanovich wangena kwinkonzo yamajoni. Ubungakanani bobomi bejoni banyanzela i-Grinevian kwiNtlango: Emva kwe-rapprocheds kunye nohlaziyo, luhlaza lwanyusa imisebenzi ephantsi komhlaba. Ngo-1903, umfana wabanjwa waza wathunyelwa iminyaka eli-10 eSiberia. Uye wachitha iminyaka emibini kwikhonkco le-iTrthangening kwaye elinye ihleli phantsi kwencwadana yokundwendwela kwi-St. Petersburg.
Uncwadi
UAlexander Stepanovich Green wabhala ibali lakhe lokuqala ngo-1906: Ukususela ngalo mzuzu, ubuchule bokuyithambisa ubanjiwe ngokupheleleyo umfana ngokupheleleyo. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala ubizwa ngokuba "yiPanteleeva" yabucala ethi ithethe malunga nokwaphula izinto ezisebenza kwinkonzo yejoni.
Isiqwenga se-bibut sapapashwa phantsi komtyikityo ka-A. G. G. njengencwadana yephulo lomkhosi, emkhosini. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukusasazeka konke kususwe kwindlu yokuprinta kwaye kutshiswe ngamapolisa. UAlexander Stepanovich, bonke ubomi bakhe basijonga esincoko sayo, kodwa ngo-1960 ikopi enye yafunyanwa "kwiSebe leMidlalo ye-Mscow Gendarmerie".
Emva koko, ukusuka phantsi kwentsiba ye-Alexander Green, umsebenzi wendlovu neMoskka "wavela, awayebandezelekile. Umsebenzi wokuqala ofikelele ngokusemthethweni kwiivenkile zencwadi yayilibali "e-Itali".
Ukususela ngo-1908, umbhali waqalisa ukupapasha iingqokelela zamabali, ebopha phantsi kwendalo "eluhlaza": umbhali oqambe amabali angama-25 kulo nyaka, efumana imali entle. Ngo-1913, ukufundelwa koluntu ukuba babone imibhalo ka-Alexander Stepanovich ngohlobo lwe-termanniac.
Rhoqo ngonyaka, irigignee iphucule izakhono zayo: Umxholo wemisebenzi uye wandisiwe, iiplani zaba nzulu kwaye zingalindelekanga, kunye nombhali waziwa ngokubanzi ebantwini.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-Grinevsky ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo kwihlabathi leRussia. Inyani yile yokuba umbhali wayengenawo ngaphambili, okanye nabalandeli okanye imiliselo. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali ngokwakhe watyholwa ngokuboleka amabali avela e-Edgar ngu, uJack London, Hondon, uStevenson kunye nobunye ubuntu bokuyila. Kodwa xa kuhlalutya izicatshulwa, kwavela ukuba ukufana okufana kakhulu kwakungafanelekanga kwaye akunakubekiwe.
Kwakhona, igama lika-Alexander Green lithelekiswa nelizwe leGreenland. Umbhali ngokwakhe akazange asebenzise igama lale misebenzi ikwimisebenzi yakhe, uKorneli ogxeki wakhe uKornelius welensky waqanjwa, nto leyo wayichaza le ndawo iphambili kwiinoveli eziluhlaza.
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba iPeninsula, apho ilizwe lombhali likumda waselwandle waseTshayina. Ezo zigqibo zenziwa ngokukhankanya kwemisebenzi yezihlalo zokwenyani: iNew Zealand, ePasifiki, njl.
Ngo-1916-1922, girny wabhalwa ibali "iiseyile ezisceketi", ezamzukisayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba le nkonzo isebenza i-theaser yenkosi yanikela kumfazi wesibini uNina. Uluvo lomsebenzi lwazalelwa entlokweni yombhali: UAlexander Stepanovich wabona isikhephe esineeseyile ezimhlophe kwimiboniso.
"Le nqambi yathetha into kum, kodwa andazi ukuba, ndoba nako konke ukuba inqanawa ebomvu ithethe, ilunge ngakumbi kunombala obomvu, ngenxa yokuba kwi-alom eqaqambileyo. I-laccacy kuthetha ulwazi, kutheni uyonwabela. Kwaye ke, ukonakalisa kule nto, uthatha amaza kunye nenqanawa ngokuhamba kweeselula, ndabona iinjongo zokuthintela kwakhe, "wachaza iinkumbulo zakhe zachaza iinkumbulo zakhe kwiyilo" yamaza abalekayo ".Ngo-1928, uAlexander Stepanovich uvelisa umsebenzi wakhe obalulekileyo, onika igama "ukubaleka ngamaza".
Le veli ingakhululekanga, abagxeki banamhlanje bathatha uhlobo lwe-fantasy. Kwakhona u-Alexander Green uqhelekile ukuba abafundi bafundi bomsindo katata (1929), "indlela yendlela yendlela" (1929) kunye "no-1913).
Inzwakazi yokugqibela yombhali ibizwa ngokuba yi "Ladut", nangona kunjalo, le nkonzo yaseAlexander ayinaxesha lokugqiba.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukusuka kwi-biography yegediwe, yaziwa ukuba ibhaptizwe ngu-Orthodox, nangona utata wayekholwa elikholwayo. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iimbono zonqulo zombhali zaqalisa ukutshintsha ixesha elide, umfazi wakhe wabhiyozela: Ngelixa ePristaa, irignevsky yatyelela icawa yasekhaya kwaye yathanda ukufunyanwa kwe-Ista.
Ngobomi bakho, umbhali weRomanov wayetshatile kabini. Iqabane lokuqala laba nguVera Pavlovna Abramov, intombi yegosa elityebileyo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ebalini "ikhulu lenkunkuma emlanjeni", yayinguVera owaba yi-prototype ye-helley enkulu yeGelley.
Umtshato wabo, owaqala ngo-1908, waphela uqhawulo-mtshato kwinyathelo lokuqala lase-Abramova: Umfazi, ngokutsho kwakhe, wayediniwe kukungaqiniseki kwaye angazimiselanga ukuba ungavumeli umyeni wakhe. Akongezanga ukuqonda kunye nokuhlala rhoqo esithandwayo. UAlexander Stepanovich ngokwakhe wenza imizamo yokuphinda uzame kwakhona. Wazingcwalisa elukholweni iincwadi ezininzi, wabhala omnye wabo: "Mhlobo wam kuphela." Kwakhona, de kube sekupheleni kobomi, luhlaza khange bahlukane nomfanekiso weVera Pavlovna.
Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1921, umfana otshatele uNina Mironova, owayehlala ubomi bakhe bonke. Amaqabane ahlala ngolonwabo kwaye athathele ingqalelo nganye isipho sekamva.
Xa uAlexander Stepanovich wasweleka, uNina Green emva kokuba umsebenzi we-proa ngaba eJamani wagxothwa eJamani ukuba asebenze. Ukubuyela kwakhe kwi-USSR, eli bhinqa lalityholwa ngokuthi lisondele ilizwe lakhe, ke kwiminyaka eli-10 ezayo yayiziinkampu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba bobabini amaqabane amaqabane aluhlaza bangengawo kuphela, kodwa banobuhlobo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, baxhase omnye komnye kwigumbi elinzima kunye nexesha lenkampu.
Ukufa
UAlexander Stepanovich Green usweleke ngehlobo lowe-1932. Unobangela wokufa ngumhlaza we-gestric. Iprosesi ingcwatywe kwi-Orrida endala, kwaye isikhumbuzo sifakwe kwingcwaba lakhe elisekwe kumsebenzi "obaleka ngamaza".
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba emva koloyiso lweSoviet Union kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, iincwadi eziluhlaza zamkelwa yi-Anti-Soviet kunye neembono ezichaseneyo nezona zinto zichaseneyo. Kuphela emva kokufa kukaJosefu Stalin, igama leGreen lalungiswa.
Kwinkumbulo yenoveli, iMyuziyam yavulwa eDeooyosia, izitrato, amathala eencwadi, iivoviasiums zathiywa igama, zadala imizobo nangaphezulu.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1906 - "e-Itali"
- I-1907 - "ii-orenji"
- Ngo-1907 - "uyithandayo"
- Ngo-1908 - "I-Tramp"
- Ngo-1908 - "amadoda amabini"
- I-1909 - "inqanawa yomoya"
- Ngo-1909 - "Maniac"
- Ngo-1909 - "isiganeko kwisitrato se-PSA"
- 1910 - "Ehlathini"
- I-1910 - "ibhokisi ngesepha"
- I-1911 - "funda ukukhanya"
- Ngo-1912 - "Intsomi yasebusika"
- Ngo-1914 - "Ngaphandle Kwesidlangalaleni"
- Ngo-1915 - "I-Aviator-Lunatic"
- Ngo-1916 - "Imfihlakalo Yezindlu 41"
- Ngo-1917 - "Umoya weBourgeois"
- Ngo-1918 - "Iinkunzi zeenkomo kwi-tomat"
- Ngo-1922 - "umlilo omhlophe"
- Ngo-1923 - "iiseyile ezisclet"
- Ngo-1924 - "Ukuhamba ngovuyo"
- Ngo-1925 - "Imidlalo emithandathu"
- Ngo-1927 - "Intsomi yeFerguson"
- Ngo-1928 - "Ukubaleka Amaza"
- Ngo-1933 - "velvet Porter"
- Ngo-1960- "Sahlala elunxwemeni"
- Ngo-1961 - "Izitampu" zamatye "fama