Biography
UPhilip Dick, ezo mbangi wazama ukukhohlisa kunye neekowuti, ekufundeni kwehlabathi elibizwa ngokuba ngumtshabalalisi wenyani. Umbhali waqamba amabali kunye neenoveli zakhe kwihlobo olukhethekileyo: Unobuchule bebeka "amagorha aqhelekileyo" kwimeko engaqhelekanga. Umfundi ujonga izenzo zabalinganiswa abangena kwihlabathi lokufumana iintsomi zenzululwazi. Ngokwemisebenzi yalo mbhali, ubomi babo bugcwele ziziganeko ezinomdla, hayi ifilimu enye yeHollywood, kunye neeSelials.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umbhali wexesha elizayo wazalelwa kwisixeko saseChicago (i-Illinois, e-USA), lo msitho wenzeka nge-16 kaDisemba ngo-1928. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uFilipu wabona uDick wazalwa umntwana ngaphambi kwexesha, kwiiveki ezi-6 ngaphambi kwekota, iwele lakhe.
Ngelishwa, intombazana yasweleka kwiiveki ezi-6. Isizathu sokufa esaziwa, kodwa uJane wasweleka ngenxa yokungondleki. Esi siganeko simangalisayo sachaphazeleka ngokunzulu bubomi bombhali: Kwimisebenzi yakhe kukho iinjongo ze "Ghotshi Gemini". Shiyani nobomi bakhe bonke vinyl abazali bakhe kwaye batyholwa ngokungakhathali. Ngokoluvo lwayo, babeka ityala lokufa okuqaqa kwentombazana encinci.
Bazali uPhilip, uDorothy noJoseph, basebenzela i-United States Ingcaciso yeZolimo. Kukwaziwa ukuba utat'omkhulu kunye notatomkhulu uDick kumgca kayise yayiseIrish.
Emva kwexesha, usapho lwe-filip lwafudukela kwi-San Francisco Bay. Xa inkwenkwe yayineminyaka emihlanu ubudala, utata wakhe wafudukela kwisixeko saseReno, esikuNebraska. Umfazi kaJosefu akazange avume ukuhamba naye, eyayibangela uqhawulo-mtshato. Bobabini abazali balwa nelungelo lokugcina uNyana, ngesigqibo senkundla, uFilip wahlala nonina.
Ukuphakamisa umntwana wakho ezinyaweni zakho, uDorothy wafumana umsebenzi, wahamba nonyana weWashington. Kule dolophu, uFilipu wabhaliswa kwisikolo seprayimari kaYohane itson. Ukanti kumfundisi wesikolo waphawula ukuba inkwenkwe ibonisa umdla ekuxeleleni amabali.
Ngehlobo lowe-1938, umama nonyana babuyela eCalifornia kwakhona, kwaye kwakungelo xesha inkwenkwe yaba nomdla kwintsomi yesayensi ngo-1940, iminyaka eli-12 ubudala.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uFilipu Dick waya kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo eBerkeyley. Yena nombhali weencwadi ze-SCI-FI Ursula Le guin wayengamalungu odidi lokuphumelela (ngo-1947), kodwa babengaqhelananga ngelo xesha. Emva kokufumana isatifikethi semfundo esiphakathi, i-dick yazisa ixesha elincinci kwiDyunivesithi yaseBerkey.
Uncwadi
UPhilip Dick wavakalisa njengombhali wentsomi nge-1950s. UFilip waqala umsebenzi wakhe ngamabali aprintwayo kwimagazini ye-boulevard. Kodwa ngaphandle kwale nto, umbhali waphuhlisa indlela yakhe eyahlukileyo, eyahlulahlula koogxa kumasifundisane. Kufanelekile ukuthi ubuchule bukaFilipu babenempembelelo enkulu ka-Anthony, leyo indoda yanikela emsebenzini 'yokubulala. "
Ngo-1954, ukusuka phantsi kwepeni, inoveli lakhe lokutsala phantsi elithi "ilottery yelori", kunye nebali elidumileyo "Gorodishko". Ngo-1957, ukufundwa koluntu babona incwadi ethi "Amehlo ESyeni". Ngaphandle kokuphendula kwaye uphononongo, uDick ngokwakhe wayiphatha ngokunzulu imisebenzi yakhe kwaye watsho ukuba ngekhe abhale kwakhona. Kangangexesha elithile, uFilipu Dick wayethembekile kwisithembiso sakhe.
Ngo-1962, uDick wapapasha inoveli "indoda kwinqaba ephezulu". Isicwangciso seencwadi sidlulisela umfundi kwi-United States yaseMelika. Iziganeko zenzeka kwiminyaka eli-15 emva kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kunye nokuloyisa i-Adolf Hitler.
Kwakhona, i-Bibliography ye-Dick yazala le misebenzi ilandelayo: "Ixesha Unxibelelwano lwexesha laqhaqha '," uGqr. Ukufa, "esihlala njani emva kwebhombu", njl njl.
Ngo-1976, incwadi ethi "Nkosi yengqumbo" yapapashwa. Eli noveli ye-postpocalyptic yapapashwa kunye nomnye umbhali waseMelika-Roger Zelazny. Umfundi ufunda ngobomi babantu, okwazile ukusinda kwimfazwe yenyukliya. Incwadi ichaza uhambo lukaTibor Mcmasters. Umlinganiswa ophambili ngumculi kwaye ukhubazekile, ongenalo imilenze, ehamba kwihlabathi elitshabalalisiweyo.
Ngo-1968, uPhilip Dick wabhala inoveli "i-androids zenza malunga nephupha le-electrolytsy scott scott", apho i-Harrison Ford yazaliseka.
Umxholo wenoveli ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Isenzo senzelwa ngo-1992, i-catacommb ihleli emhlabeni emva kwemfazwe yehlabathi. Ukukhusela abahlali abaseleyo kwisenzo sothuli lwe-radimac, i-UN inika ubuntu ukuze bafudukele kwi-colonitestressies. Njengebhonasi-abantu babonelela nge-Android ukukhetha kuyo.
Ngo-1970, incwadi ethi "Lelibhule yokufa" yapapashwa, yaye ngo-1978 uDick wapapasha inoveli ebizwa ngokuba yi-vantis. Incwadi yokugqibela kaPhilip Dick yapapashwa ngo-1982. Ibizwa ngokuba yinkohliso ".
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ebusika weNdlu yeNdlu ye-SORP yokupapasha ka-2007 I-TR ikhuphe iSilumko
Ukuba sithetha ngempembelelo kaPhilip Dick kuncwadi kunye ne-cinema, ke ayifunyanwanga kuye njengolunye lolona lonwabo lubalulekileyo lwangoku. Ukuba ngaphambili umsebenzi wombhali unomdla kubafundi Abafudukayo, emva koko emva kokuba ifilimu yefilimu, igama lombhali lafunda phantse wonke umhlaba weli filimu.
Kwakhona, iincwadi zakhe zatyelwa nguPaul verkhovlen ("Khumbula yonke into"), John Wu ("iyure" yokulinganisa "), uluvo olukhethekileyo"). Kuyaziwa ukuba iRichard Linglater isuse umfanekiso opheleleyo we "amafu", apho iindima eziphambili zenziwa yiKeanu Rivz kunye ne-Winon Rider.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu uFilipu Dick kunzima, umbhali wayetshatile kangangezihlandlo ezihlanu, kwaye umtshato wakhe wokugqibela waqhubela ngo-1976. Umfazi wesithathu waxelela udliwanondlebe awathi uFilipu wayehlala ekhangela ukufa kodade wabo.
Kwakhona, kwi-biography yombhali, kuyaziwa ukuba ebuntwaneni beva ubunzima obuvela kwi-Agophophobia, baza batyelela imibono. Zonke ezi ziganeko zibonakalisiwe emsebenzini wakhe.
Ukongeza, ngexesha lobomi bukaFilipu Dick, kathathu kweza kwisibhedlele sengqondo ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwe-nareCotic, apho ugqirha weziya khona wamphendula ngendlela "enobuhlobo nemfesane".
Ukufa
Ngo-Matshi 23, 1972, uDick wazama ukuzibulala ngenxa yoxinzelelo, kodwa ummangaliso wasinda. Umbhali wasweleka nge-2 kaMatshi ngo-1982. Unobangela wokufa kombhali uyabetha.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1950 - "Ixesha Lokuhlanganisa"
- Ngo-1952 - "Ilizwi elivela kwisitrato"
- Ngo-1953 - "Volcano Hammer"
- Ngo-1953 - "Ikamva likagqirha"
- Ngo-1953 - "oopopu zendalo"
- Ngo-1957 - "I-Space Marings"
- Ngo-1954 - "Ilonwa leLolar"
- Ngo-1954 - "Umhlaba owakha iJones"
- Ngo-1955 - "OCO Boo ["
- Ngo-1968 - "i-lablintyer yesikhulu"