Biography
"Unyana wezabelo", "abamhlophe babelane" - "- kwi-70-80s, iSikolo saseSoviet ifundwe kunye nemisebenzi ebangela umdla, ifakwe nomoya we-adventurd kunye negorha labantwana. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali wale valentin Petrovich Kataev wangena kwimbali yoncwadi lwaseRussia kungekuphela nje njengombhali wabantwana. I-Peru yakhe ineenoveli ezininzi, amabali, amabali - kwilifa le-Katalisa laquka imisebenzi engaphezulu kwe-130.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-biegraphy ye-vali kataeva iqala nge-odessa ye-Xix-ekuqaleni i-XX yenkulungwane yokuqala. Kule dolophu inongokazi esemazantsi kwindibano yeenkulungwane ezimbini, ngoJanuwari 28, 1897, kwazalwa umbhali wexesha elizayo. Utata uPeter vantyevich Kaiev, utitshala kwisikolo sokomoya, kunye nentombazana eqhelekileyo yase-Eugene Ivanovna Bichi, ukusuka ebuntwaneni, abathanda abantwana abathandanayo ngeencwadi kunye nokufunda.
Ukuvuthuza lo msebenzi ebomini, bobabini bazinikele kuncwadi: Umninawa omncinci uNatava - waziwa phantsi kwe-pirgedy petrov njengombhali "wethole eliziinzwane ezilishumi elinambini" kwi-ilyem nge-ilya ilfom ( I-Willzilberg).
Amakhwenkwe ahlala kwangoko ngaphandle konina: Wabulawa kukuvuvukala kwemiphunga kwakufutshane nje emva kokuzalwa kwe-ciance. Utata, ovdov, akasatshatanga, ngokukhuliswa kwabantwana baqalisa ukunceda udade-ndlebe evgenia ivanovna. U-Aunt wayenobubele kakhulu, kodwa umama akazange athathe indawo encinci. Umothuko kwilahleko uhlala ehleli ngonaphakade emphefumlweni womntwana.
Inkwenkwe yayifuna inkwenkwe kubuchule. Ukususela kwiminyaka eli-9, sele eyinto yokuzivocavoca, waqalisa ukubhala imibongo awayeyifunda yonke ikhaya, efuna ukuvunywa. Ukuba mdala, umfana waqalisa ukunxiba ebhalwe kwiofisi yoHlelo sele ekhangela uvavanyo lobuchule. Kwaye impumelelo yokuqala yeza kuye ngo-1910, xa "ikufuphi" umbongo waprikiwe okokuqala kwipapasho ethi "Odessa Vestnik", emva koko ezinye ii-felullens.
Ixesha elide ukonwabela impumelelo ye-Kataev ayifanelekanga. Imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala yaqala (1914-1918), yaye ngo-1915, ngaphandle kokuphumelela kwindawo yokuzivocavoca, lo mfana washiya ivolontiya ngaphambili.
Imfazwe
Inkonzo ye-Katak yaqalisa abasebenzi abaqhelekileyo. Wenzakala kabini, wayenetyhefu ngenxa yegesi enetyhefu, yiyo loo nto ilizwi lakhe lahlala liphelile. Umbhali wadilizwa kwinqanaba le-Ensign kwi-1917 emva komenzakala kakhulu emthangeni. Ukusuka kwimfazwe kaKataev, wabuya namabhaso: amabhaso amabini e-george and and of St. Anne.
Asinaxesha lokufumana iMfazwe yeHlabathi yeHlabathi yokuqala, njengoko imfazwe yaseburhulumenteni ifakwe kweli lizwe. Eli xesha le-biedegraphy valentina kataeva liphikisana. Kweminye imithombo kuthiwa ukusukela ngo-1919 walwa kwizikhundla zomkhosi obomvu, wayalela ibhetri ye-artillery. Kodwa kukho enye into enokuthi yekatave yajoyina "ibomvu" kamva, kwaye ekuqaleni wayenamavolontiya kumkhosi omhlophe weDenikin, apho wakubanjwa ngamagosa okhuseleko.
Ngapha koko, ubomi be-Katas baseKatas basinda ngokupheleleyo kwaye babachaza ebalini leMfazwe yaseburhulumenteni (1920), ibali "(1928).
Uncwadi
Ukususela ngo-1922, inqanaba elitsha liza ebomini kunye nomsebenzi we-Kataeva: Umbhali osuka eOdessa ukuya eMoscow, isebenza kwiphephandaba ". Isangqa sakhe sonxibelelwano ziitalente ezininzi zelo xesha: U-Yuri Olesha, uIsaac Babel, Ilya ilf, Eduard Bangritrisky. Zonke, emva koKata njenge, ngasekhohlo i-Odessa ukuba yoyise i-capital, kwaye uvulindlela onobuthwele wabanceda.
Ithamsanqa iphinde yancuma ngombhali oselula. Italente yakhe yamkelwa kwikomkhulu. Ukupapashwa kwebali "Rastratchchiki" (1926), apho umbhali kwi-satirical indlela egxeka isibetho selo xesha - isabelo semali sikarhulumente, iphawulwa yimpumelelo enkulu. I-Stanislavsky ngokwakhe iphakamise i-kataev ukuba inxibe iintsomi zebali. Kwaye kungekudala wadlulisela imeko ye-MCIT. Kunye nomdlalo wesibini "Isangqa se-quadoracal" samiselwa kwiNew York entsha.
Ukulandela uMzalwana oMdala, Kakaev Jr., ngubani uVandentin uPetrovich waqalisa ukubandakanyeka kwindawo yokubhalela.
"Wonke umntu okrelekrele, onobuchule unokubhala into," utshilo.Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, ngomzalwana onothando, i-Kataeve iqala ukubhalwa kwenoveli ye-onetventiurauraurauraurauraurauraurauraurauraurauraurauraurauraurauraura efihliweyo ngexesha lenguquko. Imbono yahlulwe ne-Exogy kunye nenye i-Ilya ilfom, ecela ukuba babhale umzobo wenoveli, baqhubela phambili kwimpapasho.
Oko kukuphuma oku, sele kwaziwa. I-Ilf nePetrov (uEugene wathabatha iPseududonym egama lingutata) ihlanganisene ngobuqhophololo nomsebenzi ngaphandle kokucebisa. Ineveli ebhaliweyo eya kwiikowuteshini, kwaye ngokubulela ngengcinga yapapashwa ngokunikezelwa kwe-valentina kataev.
UValentina Petrovich wamiselwa ukuba adlulise iimfazwe ezintathu. Kwiminyaka yeMfazwe Yehlabathi I, waphinda wanxiba iyunifomu yasemkhosini kwaye waya phambili. Wayesebenza njengembalelwano engaphambili, wabhala izincoko, amanqaku, efotwe. Ibali "Ireferi" yonyana "(1945) yaba ngumsebenzi odumileyo welo xesha: umfanekiso womlinganiswa ophambili we-vanya isolntsev uyamqinisekisa amathuba obubi abantwana abaninzi ngexesha leMfazwe.
Umxholo wabantwana we-Kataev ubhenela kwiminyaka yangaphambi kweMfazwe, xa ebhala ibali "umhlophe wenqanawa onesithukuthezi", apho umbhali entywiliselwa kwimozulu ye-odessa emveni. Kumaqhawe, isilwanyana sasekhaya kunye nePavlik, ebandakanyeka kumjikelo we-adventurk ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yesixeko esitshatyalalisiweyo yi-kissolution, eqikelele ngamanqaku kaKita noManya.
Ibali "I-White Haily Elilonely" (1936) ivula i-tetragy "yamaza olwandle amnyama", apho iinovelo ze "catacomb" (1951) kunye "nomoya wobusika" (1960).
Ukuba "isikhephe" sinokubizwa ngokuba yi-Autobiographical, emva koko inoveli "yedayimane" yam "yam" yam "yam" yam ibizwa ngokuba ziimemo. Umbhali ngokwakhe akazange avumelane notoliko olunje kwaye alukhanyise inoveli yenoveli.
"Le yinqwelo moya yam yasimahla, isekwe kwiziganeko eziyinyani," utshilo.I-Kataev isebenza kwiNcwadi ngo-1975-77, kwaye imisitho ichaziweyo ibandakanya uMfundi kwihlabathi le-Bohemia ye-20s.
Imvelaphi yomsebenzi kukuba, ngokwenyani yecandelo lamagorha, kwaye aba babhaliwe kunye neembongi ezidumileyo - abantu ababephila ngexesha lombhali, begqunywe ziimaski zePseundusm. Kwaye i-novelty yile yokuba i-Kataev yabhala kuqala kwisitayile esingaqhelekanga, uhlobo kunye nolwalathiso.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukukhankanywa kokuqala kobomi bombhali kunxulunyaniswa negama likaIrina Aleksinskaya. Iimvakalelo zesisa kwintombazana ehlala elumelwaneni, yaba luthando lokuqala lomfana. Akukho nto yaziwayo ngomtshato wokuqala we-KAtava, kodwa umtshato wesibini wajika wonwaba. Ndikunye noEsther Brener, batshata ngo-1931. Umtshakazi wayeneminyaka eli-18 kuphela ubudala, iKataev - 34.
UValentin Petrovich Laskovo wabiza umfazi we-ESTA. Ngo-1936, isibini sazalwa yintombi ka-Eugene, nango-1938, unyana kaPavlik. Intombi iValentin petrovich yamkelekile. I-Zhenya encinci yaba yi-prototype yeentsomi ze-heroine "tsvetik-semizvestak", "dudge kunye nePicher". Intombi ka-Eugene yanika abazali kuqala kwaye kuphela umzukulwana.
Ukufa
Sele ikhula ngokunzulu, i-kataev yabandezeleka kakhulu ukususa ithumba lomhlaza. Kodwa unobangela wokufa yayingeyonto i-toncoology. Umbhali wasweleka kwiminyaka eyi-12 evela kwi-strooke, kunyaka wama-90 wobomi, ngo-Epreli 12, 1986.
U-Esther Davdovna wasinda kwindoda yakhe kangangeminyaka engama-23. Bahlala kumtshato owonwabisayo oneminyaka engama-55. Amaqabane angcwatyelwe kwingcwaba elinye kumangcwaba eNovodevichy eMoscow.
Iikowuti
"Sele ndikrokrela ukuba olona phawu luxabisekileyo lomculi luphambili ngokupheleleyo, ogqibeleleyo, ongenaloyiko lwemigwebo yawo" ("ingca"). "Phakathi kwabantu bahlala bephuma. Kodwa ukwazi kwaye uthando oluthandekayo lwelizwe linokwenza ukusuka kwi-herve "(" i-"ir yonyana ")." Ihlobo liyafa. I-Autumn iyafa. Ubusika -Fanele. Kwaye intwasahlobo ihlala ihleli. Uhlala ngonaphakade kwizinto ezinzulu zomcimbi oqhubekayo, etshintsha iindlela zayo "(" idayimane yam ")." Umtshato ofanelekileyo wothando-oku kwenzeka rhoqo "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube "(" cube.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1920 - "Kwidolophu engqingiweyo"
- Ngo-1925 - "Erendorf Island"
- Ngo-1926 - "iirasters"
- Ngo-1927 - "Yenza isangqa kwi-quadore"
- Ngo-1928 - "Ivenkile yeSebe" "
- Ngo-1931 - "Isigidi Imbambano"
- Ngo-1931 - "I-Avangard"
- Ngo-1932 - "Ixesha, phambili!"
- Ngo-1936 - "I-White White Lonely"
- Ngo-1940 - "Intyatyambo - Intyatyambo - Usapho-WESIQHINGA"
- Ngo-1940- "dudge kunye nePicher"
- Ngo-1940 - "Usuku lokuphumla"
- Ngo-1943 - "Isongelo esiluhlaza"
- Ngo-1944 - "Indlu kaBawo"
- Ngo-1945 - "UMBULELO"
- Ngo-1956 - "I-Hortook e-Steppe"
- Ngo-1956 - "Ityala NgokuGenia"
- Ngo-1961 - "umoya wasebusika"
- Ngo-1961 - "Catacombs"
- Ngo-1978 - "I-Diamond Moen"
Ngaphezulu kwe-40 Prope isebenza, kubandakanya iintsomi kunye nemeko, zakhuselwa. Olona lwazi ludumileyo-"White White Lonely" (1937), "Amaza amnyama olwandle (1975)," UMBULELO WOKONO "(1981).