Biography
Ubomi nokufa kukaCesare Borjia bugubungele inani elimangalisayo lamahemuhemu. Kwisimo, ubomi bomntu kunye nezinto eziphunyeziweyo zomkhosi, owanqandayo ukuba ngumkhonzi wokomoya, wayengunyana kaPopu waseRoma, kukho iintsomi. I-Italian ichazwe kwiinoveli ezimangalisayo kunye nothando lwe-adventres, ubundlobongela obukhohlakeleyo kwiintshaba zabo. Akumangalisi ukuba imbali yobomi beBorgia ibe sisiseko semifanekiso yeencwadi, iifilimu kunye neeseti.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Engaziwa ngakumbi ngomhla wokuzalwa kwe-cedjia. Ababhali-mbali bafana nexesha ukusuka kwi-1474 ukuya kwi-1476 iminyaka. Indawo yokuzalwa nayo inokubizwa kuphela-ekutyholweni kuphela - i-counciako ikude neRoma.
Utata wenkwenkwe waba yiCadinal rodrigo de Boorgia, kamva akhethwe nguPopu kunye negama lika-Alexander VI. Imbewu yavela ekukhanyisweni kwenkosikazi yekhadinali - iproshirotnika Vanozza Dai Cattanei. Umfazi womfazi, kuyacaca ukuba, akazange achase unxibelelwano lomfazi wakhe.
Kuyenzeka ukuba ukhupheliso aqwalaselwe ngokusemthethweni ngunyana womyeni wakhe uVanozza. Ngapha koko, lo mfana akazange abonakaliswe sisimo sebastards, kwaye ngo-1480 umphambili katata katata waseSana upe wakhululeka kwimfuneko yokuphelisa imbonakalo yehlabathi.
UCesiare unokuthathwa njengelixa elizayo ukusukela ebuntwaneni Enkosi ngokukhuselwa ngumzali onempembelelo. Utata wexesha elizayo washiya unyana wakhe kwizinto zokomoya. Ngo-1491, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo wafumana indawo yokuqala yomlawuli wolawulo lukabhishophu. Ngo-1493, umfana wakhiwa eSan Cardinal-Dyakon kwaye wanika i-dioceses ezininzi, eyayibonisa umvuzo onzima.
Nangona kunjalo, uKesare ngokwakhe wayekhetha ukufumana imfundo. Lo mfana wafunda ilungelo nezenkolo kumaziko emfundo ePisa nasePersia. Iziphumo yayiyinto eqaqambileyo ye-rourisptpradence. Abefundisi bebengasiyo i-boorgia, wafuna ubomi behlabathi kunye nezinto eziphumelele emkhosini.
Unyana upope rimsky
Utata Cesares wonyulelwa kwisikhundla sikapopu ngo-1492, kwaye umfana uba ngunyana we-verissol yelimpembelelo. Ngo-1497, kwiimeko ezingaqondakaliyo, uMzalwana uMdala waseCeare Giovanni uyafa. Indoda iqaqambile ngommese, hayi igolide kunye ne-wallet. Abanye abantu ababebizwa ngokuba nguCesare Fratabey kwaye bekrokreleka ukuba nguye owabeka isandla sakhe ekufeni kukaGiovanni, kodwa kwakungekho siqinisekiso. Ngapha koko, iintshaba kunye nabanikazi abagulayo babenele oswelekileyo.
Kwi-1498 elandelayo, okokuqala kwimbali yeCawa yamaKatolika, i-Cesare yabuyela kwinani le-MJAN, iyala ukusombulula iKholeji yekhadinali kwi-sana ye-sana.
Ekugqibeleni, iBorgia yafumana ithuba lokuzibonakalisa njengomkhosi nabezopolitiko. Isithixo samadoda sahlala sisodwa uJulius Caesare, kwaye isimo seza, sabona, saphumelela "saba sisiqubulo seBorgia bobabini. Kumfuziselo, abefundisi abaphumelelayo babe "nguKesare okanye akukho nto."
Ixesha elithanda iindwendwe zasemkhosini kunye nezinto ezifezekisiweyo. Ukususela nge-1494, iimfazwe zase-Italiya zaguqa kwi-feed. Umhlaba wabanga abamelwane abanamandla - iFrance neSpain, kwaye utata waseRoma wazigcina ngethemba lokumahlula umhlaba phantsi kwamandla akhe.
Ukufakelwa ngenkxaso yenkxaso yaseFransi louis xii, ngenxa yomsebenzi okhutshelwe imvume yoqhawulo mtshato kunye noncedo ngendlela yokubuyiselwa kwemikhosi yaseRoma. Kufanelekile ukuba ukwazi ukuba ezindawo zokuhlala ezinikezela ngokuzithandela, umphathi osandula ukunxibelelana wafaka umphanga.
Ithagethi yomkhosi wokuqala, kunye nobukrelekrele bomkhosi oye wafumana emkhosini, isixeko saseMoola no-Afoli, esasilawula indawo yonyana wakhe uKaterina Sforza. Zombini izixeko zathathwa yiBorgia ngo-1500.
Kwakuloo nyaka, uPopu upaka ukhuthaze i-Ceser kumphathi-kwintloko yemikhosi yepapal, kwaye uloyiso luqhubeka ngempumelelo. Ezinye izixeko zinikezela ngokuzithandela kumphathi, umphathi wawo wafaka ixesha elincinci. Utata wobuqili kunye nonyana okhokelayo, usebenzisa inkxaso yeFransi eRing kunye neSpain ngokukodwa. Ngo-1503, umphathi wabo bakwazi ukoyisa uninzi lwengingqi yepapal, edibanisa umhlaba osasazekileyo phantsi kwempembelelo ye-digriger yokomoya.
Ecaleni kukaMnumzana wayesoloko eyisiza esiziintloko kunye ne-comrade micletto cornela, owayebizwa ngokuba nguMgwebi woBulawu. Amadoda ayenobubele ukususela ebuntwaneni, kwaye i-Pokoreti eyenziwa kwimiyalelo yomphathi-mvume kunye neMisebenzi enoxanduva.
Ke, ngokwencwadi kaRafael Sabatini "Ubomi bukaCesare Borjia", umgwebi waba ngumdlali wokubulawa komyeni wesibini uLuctorza Borgia - Alfonso Aragogonsky.
Ngokufanelekileyo, uLeonardo da Vinci, owenze injineli yomkhosi waseBorgia noNiccolo Makiavelli, owayemgqala njengeNtloko yeLizwe, ephendula ngobuntu bomthendeleko. Nangona kunjalo, uloyiso oluphumelelayo lwaphazamiseka kukugula kakhulu kweBorgia. Emva kwesidlo sasemini, enye yeekhadinali, utata nonyana baqalisa ukubambana nomkhuhlane ngegadi.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngelishwa, phantsi kweentsuku zangoku, imifanekiso esayiniweyo yomkhosi wesibini osemkhosini awugcinwanga. Ababhali-mbali banokucinga ngendlela kuphela uCordjia ajongeka ngayo. Ngokutsho kweenkumbulo zabantu ababephila ngexesha, umntu wahlulwa ngumntu, waphuhliswa ngokwasemzimbeni kwaye nomtsalane ngaphandle. Kwangelo xesha, imithombo eyahlukeneyo ichasene nemeko yonyana wePapali. Abanye baqwalasele kwaye bathembekile, abanye, ngokuchaseneyo, babizwa ngokuba yi-cunnity poioner.
Ubomi bobuqu be-Cesare nabo baphinda bahlekisa kunye namarhe. Izityholo zase-Itali ezikwimfuno kunye nokuzibulala akubaleki. Ubudlelwane neLuctotreli yaseLucretia bahlala bobushushu bonke ubomi bobunye, kodwa kunzima ukuthetha malunga nolwalamano lothando olubambe umninawa nodadewethu. Ukunxibelelana nokunxibelelana nodadewethu kwalondolozwa, nangona umphathi weCesire wagculela umyeni wesibini womfazi.
Kodwa ubudlelwane bothando kunye nomfazi womntakwabo uSantia Cesare akazifihli. Nangona kunjalo, iqabane lomphathi waba ngumfazi owahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Njengoko eyaziwa, kwiXesha Eliphakathi, i-empu enefuthe isebenza njengesiqinisekiso seSivumelwano sokuHlaliswa kweNkampani.
Utata Alexander VI wayecwangcisa ukutshata nonyana kwipristrince naples carlotte aralon. Inenekazi elihlelekileyo lamane umtshato kunye nomntu ongezantsi kwakhe kwisimo. I-King Louis xii ngokwayo ayinakukwazi ukweyisela inkani. Nangona kunjalo, wafumana i-chere enye umtshakazi - intombi kaDurtolote, owathi ngo-149 waba ngumfazi wonyana kaPakkoy.
Ngaphandle kokuhlala eFrance, uCesere wabuyela eRoma, owayengasaboni iqabane lakho, emva nje kokuba emkile eBorgia.
I-advents yothando ye-Cesare ayizange iyeke. Ngokwamaxwebhu embali, kwangoko emva kokuba ebuyelwe eFransi ngexesha lokuthathwa kwezixeko zokuqala, umphathi-mkhosi wakudlwengulwa uKaterina Sforza.
Emva koko, uqhagamshelo kunye nokukhutshelwa kwe-curren yalandelwa, kwaye ke ukugxothwa komfazi wommeli weVenetian Dorothea. Ihemuwe zazichazwe kwiindlela zokugcina ii-csares eziphelela kunye nee-orgies ngamahenyukazi amaRoma. Abantu abangenakuphikiswa ukuba udade waseBorgia, uLuctoreli, wayengathobanga kwezi ndibano.
I-Borgia ebomini baqonda ukuba babini umbane, oomama bawo basala bengaziwa. Kuyabonakala ukuba babengabakhonzi balo dade. Unyana kaJirolam wasala indoda elihlwempuzekileyo, owayetyholwa ngokubulala, nentombi ka-Camilla Bordjia ngo-1516 wayekhule waba yi-NUNT, wamkela i-LUCTIA kwaye waphila ubomi obuthixo.
Ubomi besaqhwithi kunye nokunxibelelana okungafanelekanga kukhokelele ukukhutshwa kwisifo se-syphilis. Abantu ababevanjelwa ngexesha babuchasile ubukho be-Uusis yophawu ebusweni bomphathi, awabufihla imaski ekhethekileyo ekupheleni kobomi.
Ukufa
Emva kokugula ngequbuliso kunye nokusifa kukatata ngo-1503, iBorgia yayikukufa. Ukhathazwa ngumkhuhlane, imfazwe yabantu abathembekileyo ivale kwinqaba yengelosi engcwele, ifaka igolide kunye nobucwebe.
I-Arhed yangaphambili, imfundo malunga nemeko yeCesare, yasebenzisa kwangoko ithuba le meko kwaye yakhawuleza ukukwazi ukuphanga amanye amazwe amanyeneyo. Ukuvalelwa kwimiyalelo yePope Julia II kwaye kwaphulukene ngempumelelo ukusuka apho ngo-1506, umkhweli ngaphandle kwemali uye kwimigaqo yomthetho wase-Grade, umfazi womfazi wakhe uCuriglotte.
Ubushushu abakhankanywe sisalamane, ikhutyulwa lamiselwa ukuba yamyalela umkhosi weNavarre. Ukusukela utshaba ngo-Matshi 12, 1507, iBorgia yawela kwaye yabulawa. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zokufa zahlala zingaphambi kokuba zingaziwa, kunye nembali yobomi, egqunywe ngamakhusi amaninzi. Sivakalise iinguqulelo malunga nokuzibulala, ukususwa kwesizathu ngenxa yeengxaki ze-syphilis, ukubulala ababhalisiweyo abanesifo.
UMbutho wangcwatyelwa phantsi kwesibingelelo seCawe yentombi enyusiweyo enguMariya. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwe-1523 ne-1608, umzimba wasuswa engcwabeni, kuba umoni onjalo akazange aphumle kule ndawo ingcwele. Imorial iveliswa kwindawo engaziwayo.
Ngo-1945, indawo eqikelelweyo ye-Cesare yaqala ukuba ityhilwe ngengozi. Ngaphandle kwezicelo zabahlali bendawo, ubhishophu akazange angcwatyelwe amasike ecaweni, kwaye umphathi ongafakwanga ongenakuthelekiswa nawo wafumana indawo yokuhlala kufutshane neendonga zayo. Ngo-2007 kuphela ngo-2007, i-Archbishop Pampplona ikhuphe imvume yokuhambisa i-Crusts yeCawa.
Imemori
- Ngo-1947 - Incwadi ethi "I-Covaria Hi Borgia"
- Ngo-1963 - ifilimu "ifilimu"
- Ngo-1966 - ifilimu "Indoda Ehlekisayo"
- Ngo-1968 - I-movie "Luctoria Boorgia, Loveman Musim"
- Ngo-1971 - imovie "yoBomi yaseLeonardo da Vinci"
- Ngo-1973 - amabali emovie "
- Ngo-1981 - Ifilimu "Borgia"
- 2006 - Ifilimu "Borgia"
- Ngo-2011 ukuya ku-013 - uthotho "Borgia"
- Ngo-2011 ukuya ku-014 - uthotho "Borgia"
- Ngo-2011 ukuya ku-014 - uthotho "Isabella"