Biography
Wabizwa ngokuba yi icon ye-ballet yaseRussia, i-Taloyi XX inkulungwane, ubuhle obubulalayo. Umculi we-USSR ye-USSR, utitshala waseMaya Plsistskaya, uNikolai Trisktze kunye nePleiada ye-Arletle yeTlelet, i-Marina Timofeevvna Semenov iphinde yaphila ubomi obude nobumnene, ukoyisa ikhulu. Waba ngumgibe wokuqala weSoviet Ballet, ethetha kwinqanaba lembali ye-Paris Therem Opera.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Indawo yokugcina i-bolshoi ye-Bolshoi yazalwa ngo-1908 kwisixeko kwi-Neva, kwintsapho yabasebenzi abaqhelekileyo ngencasa ethobekileyo kakhulu kunye nobuninzi babantwana. Isahluko sentsapho safa, sishiya umfazi ongumhlolokazi esiya kubantwana abathandathu. Kwaye ngubani owaziyo ukuba intsapho yasinda njani, ukuba umama akazange ahlangane nomntu olungileyo nobekiweyo, lowo watshata naye. Owayesakuba ngumatiloshe, owayesebenza kwenye yezityalo zasePetrograd, i-Nikolai Shechumes yaba ngutata ongumntakwabo.
Ngamakhono yokuqala obalaseleyo intombi wabona intombi nonina wakhe n UKarina, lo webhaleyi owayesakuba ababefunda abantwana zobugcisa umdaniso. I-Sememenova, kunye nodade wabo, i-valeria eyayisa isangqa sikaKarina, kwaye oko ngeliso kwaluxabisa ukutshintsha kwakhe ngokungaguqukiyo, ucebisa abazali ukuba banike intombi yakhe ukuba banikele intombi.
Ngenxa yoko, uMarina oneminyaka eli-10 ubudala uSemenova wavela kumbundu wesikolo sobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha, nto, emva kwenguquko, kwabakho isikolo seqonga lemidlalo yeqonga lemidlalo yeqonga. Ukujonga i-wrand wokohlwaya encinci, amalungu aPish Consing wenza isigwebo esidimazayo: ukwala.
Kwaye ukuba ibingekuko ukuqhubeka komnye wootitshala, umculi we-ballet viktor semenov, owathi "Imbewu kwiBallet kufuneka ihambe ngakumbi," utshilo uMarina wayengenayo nantoni na. Kodwa wamkelekile kwaye wazimisela kwisikolo sokubhoda.
Intombazana ebuthathaka yabetha iklasi iye kumcebisi omangalisayo, umama Gralina ulanova, uMary Romanova. Umfazi ovela kumsebenzi wokuqala waqonda ukuba idayimani ibethe ezandleni zayo, nto leyo, enokusikwa yidayimane efanelekileyo.
Kungekudala ukuqonda ukuba uMarina Semenov ngumdanisi ovela kuThixo, weza kubamvavali wabadala, baqala ukubandulela. Intombazana yatshintshelwa kwibanga le-1 kwi-3. Umcebisi omtsha waseMarina yayinguAgrippina Vaganov, apho i-Ballerinas incinci yayisoyika njengomlilo. Umfazi wayedume ngokutyibilika kwaye enoburharha, wohlwaywa ngenxa yeendawo ezincinci.
UMarina Semenova, obulewe esifubeni saseMaria Romanova, waya kwiklasi yeVaganova kwaye wakhawuleza waqonda ukuba uAgrippina Yakovlevvna ngumama wesibini. Emva kwexesha, iBallerina edumileyo ebizwa ngokuba yiVaganov, naye wayengabahlobo ngaphambi kobomi bakhe.
I-ballet
I-Debut yomculi oqaqambileyo we-ballet yenzeka xa wayeneminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Umdanisi ufumene indima yokuqala kwi-ballet "yomlingo". Iqela lesibini laya eMarina Semenova eSilvia Ballet: Intombazana iphathisile indima yenenekazi lenenekazi lelowo. Kodwa iindima ezimbini zokuqala zazintshayelelo kuphela ekuphenduleni kwenqanaba lokwenyani. Wayephathiswe ipati kwi-don Quixote Ballet, apho iholo yemithi enkulu yethiyetha enkulu ye-Quiz Cyger ivela eMoscow. U-Marina oselula wayengekho mbi kuneMuscovite edumileyo.
Idiploma yomfundi wakhe othandekayo uVaganova wadluliselwa ngo-1925. Ngakumbi eyona nto uyithandayo, umcebisi uqalisa i-ballet debet debe "creek". Iqela le-fair marina semenov alisebenzi kwindawo yomfundi, kodwa kwinqanaba lemidlalo yaseMariinsky. Le ndima ibe sisiganeko esibalulekileyo kwi-biography yomculi, kuba emva kokubulawa kwayo, uSemenov wabhaliswa kwiTraupe ye-Leningerad Opera kunye nethiyetha ye-ballet. Kwaphuma i-Balirina eqongeni, ukusuka ngo-1925 ukuya ku-1930.
Icandwari yaseMarina Semenova kwi "Mariineka" yangaphambili yaza yaba yi-triumphal kwaye yaqala isiko elisekwe kakuhle: Umculi "uhlengahlengise inyathelo lokuqala le-Kordelythet. Nditsho ne-anna pavlova, ngubani ovale kule meko, akazange aphuphe ngemsebenzi ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elinye.
I-Sememenova ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala ezikhutshiwe. Kwichibi laseSwan, wadlala i-ODETA-ODILINIA, kwi "Ubuhle obulele" - i-aurora kunye ne-florin, kwi "Bayadya" ye-Nikia. Iqabane likaMarina kwinqanaba, emva koko kubomi bomtshato belona cebiswano kunye ne-viktor ye-viktor semenov.
Nge-1930th yaqala ukuguqulelwa kancinci kwe-gouupe ukuya kwikomkhulu. UMarina noVictor Semenov bafudukele ekungenisweni kwendawo yethiyetha. Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba wonyaka omnye, igama lembali elizayo le-Soviet Ballet yaqala yabonakala kwiipowusta. Umculi owenziwe kwiqela eliphambili - iNikia kwi "Bayadsarka" choreography marius Pelipu.
Ngeentetho zikaMarina semenova, kwaoko kwaba sekugqityweni kakhulu, ezona zinto ziphezulu namalungu orhulumente ngeqabane. Phantse ngenxa ye-baller Dallet yavakaliswa enye yezobugcisa boomanyano.
Idayimani yaseRussia ye-Ballet idayisi i-anacacker liunacharsky kwincoko ngeSergey Dyajilev ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe eParis. I-Stefan Colletga, eyabona i-semenov okokuqala kwinqanaba le-MOSCOW BT, ivavanyiwe esothusayo. Malunga ne-Ballerina ebukhali, eyadlala itheko leSwan kwiMidlalo "yeSwan Lake," wabhala eGuser.
Evile ngomdanisi wabo ubuchule obuvela kubo bonke abantu basePalletomania, iNkulumbuso ye-Parsian opera kunye ne-therist ye-piri yaseParian kunye ne-therist yobomi be-Damin yameza i-marina semerav yenzekileyo. Amagosa eSoviet, ebopha intliziyo, ukhenketho oluvunyelweyo, nangona i-KILILshilov ichasene nelokugqibela. Wayengumphuzi welinye iqela eliqinisekileyo lohambo lwamagcisa aseSoviet phesheya, ekholelwa ukuba baya kuhlala apho. Ngelishwa uVoroshilov Lazar Kaganovich, i-connoisseur encinci ye-ballet kunye ne-fan yembewu.
Uloyiso lukaMarina Semenova, ethetha kwinqanaba lembali ye-French Capital kwiqela likaGiselle, lalichaziwe. Iqabane lakhe linguliminar ngokwayo. Amaphephandaba aseFrentshi akhetha ukudumisa inkanyezi yaseSoviet, ebiza ubugcisa bobugcisa bobugcisa be-ballet. "
Ukudibana kukaMarina saseMarina Semenova kunqunyulwe ngo-1937, xa umyeni wesibini e-Ballerina weza kwivili lempindezelo kunye ne-stalinist ecocekileyo, i-amenador ukuya kwi-tuon yeTurkey Karakhan. Emva kokubulawa kwakhe, umqubi wakwazi ukuphepha ukuthatha inxaxheba kweqabane. Kuphela ukuba udumo lwehlabathi kuphela umsindisa kubanjwa nasekufeni. Indlela yokuhenyuza kwabantu abangaphandle komculi ofanelekileyo wavalwa, kodwa waqhubeka ephuma enkundleni.
Amabhaso nemfesane yamandla zibuyele kwi-Bolshoi Theatre ngexesha leMfazwe. Ngo-1941, umdanisi wanika ibhaso leStalin, kwaye kwi-1945 i-rictoring marina semenova yeza kwindawo ye-corona: yenziwa i-waltz kumdlalo "Ivan Susanin".
Umsebenzi woMdaniso weMemenova uphelile ngo-1952. Ukususela ngo-1953 ukuya ku-1997, uMarina Gimofeevvna wafundiswa kwaye wasebenza njengomfundisi omkhulu. Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe uMana Flissetskaya, Rimma Karelian, Marina Kondratieva, Nedezhda Pavlova, Galina Stepaloya, Nikolai Triskaridze. Ukususela ngo-1997, legend ye-Soviet Arget ART nguNjingalwazi. USemenova usebenze ukuya kwiminyaka engama-95, kwaye abafundi bakhe babiza i-semenovi.
Ubomi Buqu
Umtshato kunye neMetor Yabe i-Viktor ye-Viklerna i-Ballerina yaphela kungekudala emva kokuba isuka eLeningrad ukuya eMoscow. USekela-Instassar yeMicimbi yezangaphandle uKarakhan wayesilwa ubuhle basebukhosini be-bullrina kunye nenjongo yakhe emfazi wesibini kunye nabantwana abathathu. Bahlala kumtshato owona nyani de kufike ukudubula kweKarakhan.
Intombazana ekuphela kwentombazana kaKatya yazala i-Arhente yomyeni wesithathu, i-Actor Vsevod Aksenov. Intombi yaya emanyathelweni omama odumileyo kwaye waba ne-ballerina. Usebenze kwi-Bolshoi Theatre.
Ukufa
Umbala wokufuduka kweRussia weza kwintsebenzo yenkosana kwiParis ye-Grand-Pepera ngo-1935. Andizange ndihoye ukufika kweSemenova, kuphela iMatilda Ksshesinskaya, echaza ukuba yena, umfazi wesikhulu, isimo sasingazukuya kwintetho yomfazi we-golomat. Ukupapashwa, okuveliswa ngumfuziselo kwi-French Carity Arina Semenov ukhunjulwe amaqabane aDalade.
Xa, ngoDisemba ka-1971, uMarina timofeevna weva ngokufa kukaKshensky, ongafikanga kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-100, wancuma waza wasinda ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uya kusinda.
Umdanisi wentsomi wenza isithembiso esinomdla: ISemenova ayizange iqhubeke ngonyaka we-102 wobomi. Wasweleka ngoJuni ka-2010. Unobangela wokufa wawuphambili. Ndingcwatyelwe lelibali kwisiza se-10 se-novodovy.
Itheko
Ukuphinda-phinda kwi-leningrad i-opera kunye nethiyetha ye-ballet
- Ngo-1925 - "Ruch" L. Munks, i-choreography M. PelipA - Nalaila
- Ngo-1925 - "DOND Quixote" L. Munkisa, i-choreography A. Gorsky - neLady Driyad
- Ngo-1925 - "ubuhle bokulala" p. tchaikovsky, choreography m. petipa - inkosazana eFlorin
- Ngo-1926 - "Bayadsarka" l. Minks, i-choreography M. Pelipu-Nikia
- Ngo-1927 - "ubuhle bokulala" p. tchaikovsky, choreography m. petipa - inkosazana Aurora
- Ngo-1929 - "URaymond" A. Glazunova, i-choreography M. Pelipu-raymond
Ukuphinda-phinda kwi-Bolshoi Theatre
- Ngo-1930 - i-Swan Lake PCrikovsky - Odetta OIDILE
- Ngo-1930 - "ubuhle bokulala" p. tchaikovsky, choreography m. petipa - inkosazana Aurora
- Ngo-1931 - "ruslan noLusadmila" M. Glinka, Balletmister R. Zakharov - Lezginka
- Ngo-1934 - "Esmeralsa" Ch. IPuni, abahleli be-tikhomirova - Esmeralda
- Ngo-1934 - "Giselle" A. Adana, i-choreography J. I-Choreography J. Coralica, J. Pelipu-Pelipu-Giselle
- Ngo-1935 - "Chopenian" kumculo we-F. Chopin, i-choreography M. fookina - i-pokina - i-prevae
- Ngo-1936 - i-bakchichiusaraitain B. Asafieva, Balletmister R. Zakharov - Maria
- Ngo-1937 - "URuslan noLuslan noLyoudmila" M. Glinka, Balletmister R. Zakharov - IVirgogic virgo
- Ngo-1938 - iKaucasian ithinjwe B. Asafieva, Balletmister R. Zakharov-Polina
- Ngo-1939 - "i-nutcracker" p. tchaikovsky, balletmister v. vinenen - Massha
- Ngo-1941 - iTaras Bulba V. Slovyov-Grey, Balletmister R. Zakharov - Pannachka
- Ngo-1945 - "uCarmen" J. Bize, Balletmaster R. Zakharov - I-Moreno
- Ngo-1946 - umfazi we-baryshha-peasshen b. Asafieva, Balletmister R. Zakharov - Lisa
- Ngo-1947 - uCinderella S. Prokofiev, Balletmister R. Zakharov - Cinderella
- Ngo-1949 - "I-Copper Homerman" B. Asafueva, Ballermister R. Zakharov - Quizower Bala