Biography
Wonke umntu uyayazi imizekeliso yentsomi ka-Alexander Pullkin - Malunga ne-Tsar Steren, i-cockerel yegolide, intlanzi, i-ivan, intaka yomlilo kunye nengcuka engwevu. Le misebenzi ikhethekileyo ye-ART yadala umculi-uyilo lwe-Ivan Bilibin - umfundi ka-Ilya Rein, umbhali wokhozi olwaphaphile.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Ilya Yakovvich bilibin yazalelwa nge-4 (16) nge-1876 kwilali yaseTarkovka (ngoku eyinxalenye ye-sestrurg), kufutshane nosapho olufundileyo nolwafundiswayo. Ukukhankanya okokuqala kokuzalwa kweeBilibans kubhalwe ngexesha leBhodi ye-Ivan eyona imbi.
Utata uYakov Ivanovich ugqirha: Waqala ngoGqirha wenqanawa omncinci, emva koko wasuka waya kumgcini ophambili wesibhedlele saseMaritime kwidolophu yaseLatvia. Uthathe inxaxheba kwiMfazwe yaseRussia ye-1877-1878. Umama u-Vaxara Alexandrovna uqhagamshelwe nolwandle-wayeyinkxaso yenjineli yasemkhosini. Wayewuthanda umculo, ungumntu onomdlalo onyanisekileyo kwipiyano, ngelixa efunda kumgaqo odumileyo uAnton Griphinvich cirinstein.
Abazali banika uIvan imfundo efanelekileyo. Ngo-1888, inkwenkwe ingene kwi-sttersburg ye-st.
I-bilibin yoncinci isusiwe ebutsheni, umsebenzi wakhe wahluleke bubuchule beepeyinti kunye nokwenyani zeplat. Kodwa akazange acinge ngomsebenzi wobuchule ophambili. Kuphela ngonyaka ka-1895, ngexesha loqeqesho kwiDyunivesithi yaseSt. Petersburg kwindlela yobukumkani, wangena kwisikolo sobugcisa nge-ART kwi-ART ye-ART ye-ART ye-ARMIR ye-ARMIR ye-ARMIRS yokukhuthaza amagcisa kwaye acinge kakhulu ngomdlalo we-artor.
Kwiminyaka yobudala, uIvan Yakovlevich utsalele ulwazi nge-Anton Ashbe eMunich, kwi-Alya ye-Ilya ye-Ilya kwi-rinces ye-pinceskavskaya, kwaye emva kwe-1900 ukuya kwi-1904, kwi-Imperial Anct yeZiko lobuGcisa.
Mhlawumbi yayiyimpendulo ebeka intsingiselo ekhethekileyo kwi-bilibin: iqaqambe italente ye-Inta Efimovich, izama ukumbetha, umculi oselula akazange aphume etafileni, ephucule imizobo kunye nemizobo, apho wafumana igama lesidlaliso.
Ngo-1898, uIvan Bilibi wangena umanyano lwehlabathi lobugcisa, eyaqala ukumbona imiboniso.
Ukupeyinta
Ngokweenkumbulo zomntu ophilayo we-Gregory Kbav, umyili we-ivan yakovvich, inqanaba lokuthatha isigqibo sobomi be-bilibina yayilutyelelo ngehlobo le-1899 liPhondo. Kmmov wabhala:
"Zenziwe imizobo kunye nemizobo ye-Russia engqonge i-Russia - ii-paws ezinkulu zemifanekiso ye-Emerald Msh, ihlathi emthini, ngokuzithandela emthini, ngokuzenzekelayo kwabangela ukuba icinge i-Russian Amabali entsomi amnandi."Beka iprinta kunye nomfanekiso weViktor Vasnetssov "Bogatyry". Ngaphandle kokushiya i-TET kwiPhondo, ivan bilibin yenza umboniso wencwadi we-Debut kwi "Gale Male Mavan Tsarevich, intaka yomlilo kunye nengcuka engwevu."
Kwanasekuqaleni kobuchule, umzobi wasebenza kwindawo eyahlukileyo yeeBilibino: Okokuqala bepeyinta i-compour, emva koko bayigcwalisile nge-manecolor, engabelani. Ukwenza oku, wasebenzisa ibrashi yekholamu ngencam ye-oblique. Kule meko, umgibi wayekholelwa ukuba imizobo yezazela yanela ukuba ingabi ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezintlanu ngosuku.
Yenziwe kwiintsomi ezintathu zemizobo-"kwi-Ivan Tsarevich ...", "Tsarevna-Frog" kunye "Vasilisa entle" - umzekeliso we-vasililisa wazisa ulungiselelo lwamaphepha karhulumente. Bavelisa ingqumbo yokwenyani, kwaye uBilibina wacela ukuthenga amalungelo kupapasho. Ke isitayile seBilibay saziwa ngokubanzi.
Kule minyaka ilandelayo, umlobi wawenza i-fayile "vasililisa ithandekayo", eyenza umfanekiso we-Baba Yaga, "ukuvuselelwa ibali" libonisa iphepha lemifanekiso "," uDade Alyonka Kwaye uMzalwan 'u-Ivanushka "," Ibali malunga neTsar Salson ", umbongo ka-Sadko.
Iphefumlelwe ngumfanekiso we-vasnetssov "Bogatyri", uBilibin wabhala i-Ilya muromets yakhe, i-Alyoosh Popovich neDobryna Nikitich, eyongeza umanyano ngomfanekiso wenyoka gorynychch. Uye wazama njengomyili wamakhadi emibhiyozo (ngomhla wengelosi kunye neKrisimesi) kunye ne-PR, ukuzoba ibhinqa elitsha ".
Ngexesha lokuguqulwa kuka-1905, urhulumente wethutyana wabhenela kwi-Ivan Yakovvich ngesicelo sokwenza idyasi yengalo. Ukhozi oluphakamileyo oluvela kabini kuvela kwi-Master Feeser, eyayiluhlobo olusemthethweni lwaseRussia ngo-1917-1918. Kwaye nangona amagosa anemifanekiso, kubantu abakholwayo babiza "inkukhu", ngenxa yokuba kwi-paws etalini bebengenantonga okanye igunya.
Ngo-1907, uBilibin wabuyela kwi-Imperial Cunimour kwi-Artists, ngeli xesha njengomfundisi-ntsapho. Kwiminyaka eli-10 wafundisa ubugcisa bemifanekiso. Phakathi kwabafundi bakhe yayinguGeorgy Narbut, uKonstantin Eliseeev, Nikolai Kuzmin kunye nekamva lakhe leqabane Oconnell.
Ngo-1908-1911, uIvan Yakovvich wenza imizobo yempahla ye-Opera Nikofiilav "i-golide egolide", imbeko "ye-St." I-FOOFOV ye-Strakov, imbeko yeDolophu yeDrama I-vegi "fuente oveni"
Ngo-1917, amaxesha okuntsozwa aqalisa iRussia. Ukubaleka kwisihlwele esaphukileyo, uBilibin wahamba e-Afrika kunye ne-Middle East: bahlala eJiphutha, emva koko eCairo, ePalestina. NgoAgasti 1925 wafudukela eParis waza kwangoko wabuyela kumyili. UBilibin wenza indawo entle ye-ballt ir stravnsky "intaka yomlilo", ipeyinti yepeyinti yentsomi yabazalwana i-Grimm kunye nobusuku obunye. "
Amaxesha ngamaxesha ivan yakovvich isondele "Umphefumlo": I-Fillys "i-Prance" yemithi "), imizobo ye-sudmilila i-chirikova), ipeyinti yentsomi (" I-Clanost "kunye" ne "intaka yeParadesi Sirin").
Ngo-1936, umphefumlo womculi unqwenela ukubuyela ekhaya. Ukuhlala eLeningrad, wada wafika. I-Bilibin ishiywe ukufuduka kwaye yahlala kwisixeko esibekwe ngamaJamani. Umsebenzi wokugqibela yayingumzobo wemifanekiso kwiziqendu "DAK STEPANovich" ngo-1941.
Ubomi Buqu
U-Ivan Bilibin wayetshatile kathathu. Iqabane lakhe ngalinye lalingumntu wokudala, kunye ne-artist nganye idibene ne-imperial ukukhuthaza amagcisa.
Umfazi wokuqala waba ngumfazi ongumNgesi oneengcambu ze-Irish Maria. Ngo-1902, esi sibini sadityaniswa nomtshato, kwaye kwakade sikweyenyaka emva koko, unyana wokuqala uAlexander wavela. Ngo-1908, uIvan wazalwa. Intsapho yeChember Billibin yayikho iminyaka elishumi, kwaye ngo-1911 uMaria, bengakwazi ukunyamezela ukunxila komyeni wakhe, bafaka uqhawulo-mtshato. Ngo-1914, waya eNgilani, ethatha abantwana naye.
Okwesibini ivan yakovvich yayitshatile kwi-Englinman Cren O'nellll. Umtshato wabo uthathe iminyaka emihlanu, ukusukela ngo-1912 ukuya ku-1917. Abantwana babengenalo.
Inkosikazi yesithathu neyokugqibela iBilibina yaba nguAlexander Shchchatiin, owayenonyana kaMstislav kumtshato wokuqala. Ubomi babo bobuqu babusisityebi bokuhamba: I-Egypt, ePalestine, iCairo, eFrance, batyelela kunye, kunye babuyela eLeningrad. Ngo-1942, uAlexandra ovdoel. Wasinda kwindoda yakhe kangangeminyaka engama-25, engatshatanga okwesithathu.
U-Ivan Bilibin wayeyi-massone, wangena ebhedini yaseRussia "emantla eNorth" eParis. Emva koko, wadala ibutho lakhe "lasimahla iRussia" yaye ngo-1932 yayiligumbi lakhe elibi.
Ukufa
Ukubuyela eLeningrad ngo-1936, uBilibin, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe nonyana wakhe bahlala kwinombolo 25 esitratweni. I-Gularic (ngoku - il. Liza chaykina). Kwindlu kukho iibhodi ezimbini zeSikhumbuzo (ukugweba ngefoto, hang, nangona zichasene nomnye). Nye:
"Apha ukusuka ngo-1937 ukuya ku-1942, umculi wethiyetha kunye neencwadi uIvan Yakovvich uBilibin wahlala kwaye esebenza.Enye:
"Kule ndlu, amagcisa amakhulu aseBilibin Ivan Yakovvich kule ndlu (1876) i-Alexande--Pototskaya Alexander Vasneevna (1892-1966)."
Xa, ngenxa yebhombu yebhombu ye-Fascist, igumbi lokuhlala lingafanelekanga ukuba liphile, uIvan Bilibin wafudukela kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwe-imperial yoluntu, eyayilikhaya lesibini kuye. NgoFebruwari 7, 1942, wasiwa esibhedlele phantsi kwe-impem Acumoy ye-ARMILI, apho wasweleka kungekudala i-rostbite nendlala.
Umzekeliso wafumana uxolo lokugqibela kwingcwaba labantu owenunjini lwe-academy yezobugcisa kufutshane namangcwaba amangcwaba eSmolensk.
Sebenza
Imifanekiso yamabali eendaba:
- Ngo-1899-1901 - "Tsarevna-frog"
- I-1899- "Tale ye-Ivan Tsarevich, intaka yentaka emdaka kunye nengwevu"
- Ngo-1899-1900 - "Vesililisa ithandekayo"
- Ngo-1901 - "udade Alydonushka kunye ne-brantz ivanushka"
- Ngo-1902 - "I-White Duck"
- Ngo-1905 - "I-Tale yeTsalela iSaltionan"
- Ngo-1906 - "Tale yeGolide yeGolide"
Imizobo yempahla kunye nendawo yokuhlala:
- I-1908 - "isenzo kwiTeoflil"
- Ngo-1908 - "Ukuloba ngobalobi kunye nentlanzi"
- Ngo-1908-1909 - igolide yegolide
- Ngo-1908 - "Imbeko nempindezelo"
- Ngo-1914 - USadko
- Ngo-1930 - "uBoris therinov"
- Ngo-1937 - "I-Tale yeTsalela iSalk