Biography
IGeorges Bizeta ngumqambi omkhulu waseFrance, ipiyano ye-pianist yexesha lokuthandana. Imisebenzi yakhe, engasoloko ixabiswa ngabantu bexesha elithile, wasinda kuMdali. I-Opera "Carmen", ubugcisa boMculo, uqokelela abaphulaphuli ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100 kweyona ndawo intle yehlabathi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UGeorges Bizet wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 25, 1838 eParis. Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuba igama lomqambi ngu-Alexander Cesar Leopold, ukuzukiswa kwabalawuli abakhulu, kwaye uGeorge wafunyanwa ngokubhaptizwa.
Umama kaGeorge, uEme, wayengumdlali wepiyano, kunye nomntakwabo Francois Delta-Munimer kunye noMfundisi welizwi. Utata ka-Adolf-Anan wabandakanyeka ekwenzeni i-wigs, emva koko waba ngutitshala wokucula, nangona wayenqongophele imfundo ekhethekileyo.
Kwindlu esitratweni, ukhenketho d'verch uhlala uvakala umculo, unomdla umntwana. Endaweni yokudlala noontanga, i-Georges encinci yazisa inqaku lokuchukumisa, umama wafundisa unyana wakhe ukuba adlale ipiyano.
Kwiminyaka eyi-6, uBiza waya esikolweni kwaye ethanda ukufundwa, kodwa e-Eme, ebona ubuchule bomfana obomkileyo, bamnyanzela ukuba ahlale epiyano. Enkosi kule, ngo-15 ngosuku lokuzalwa, ngo-Okthobha 9, 1848, uGeorge wangena kwi-Polomori Musing kwiklasi ye-Andomoltel kwiklasi ye-2 ye-piano yenkulungwane ye-19 yenkulungwane ye-19.
Umqambi wexesha elizayo wayenendlebe nenkumbulo egqibeleleyo, wafumana umvuzo wokuqala kwiSolfeggio, enike ilungelo lokukhululeka kwi-pierrmerman edumileyo. Isixhobo safudukela kwimvelaphi, iphupha labonakala libhale umculo wethiyetha.
Emva kokuphumelela kwiklasi yepiyano, i-bize yaqalisa ukufundisisa ubume kwi-firomagel gallevy gelay, utitshala, umphathi weqonga lomdlalo weParisian ". Ukubhalwa komculo kuthathwe umfundi olondolozwe ngelo xesha wabhala imisebenzi emininzi kwizihlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokuhambelana nokuqulunqwa kwamaGeorges baqala ukudlala emzimbeni kwiklasi yaseFrancois Mvelauas Eaua kwaye kungekudala baphumelele yesibini, emva koko imbasa yokuqala yezakhono zokwenza.
Umculo
Kwiminyaka yokufunda, i-bizeet yadale imiculo yokuqala: "I-Symphony yaya kumakhulu", engaziwa de ibe ngo-1933, ifunyenwe kuLondolozo lweParis, kunye ne-Comic opera "Indlu kagqirha".
Ukuqhelana noluntu kunye ne-novice Turser yenzekile emva kokhuphiswano olubhengezwe nguJacques, umnini weqonga le-buff-parisn kwimontmarte. Kwakuyimfuneko ukubhala indlela yokudlala yomculo ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwabalinganiswa aba-4. Umvuzo-Imbasa yeGolide kunye ne-1200 francs. U-Bizé wazisa i-juryreretta "uGqr. Ummangaliso" waza wahlulahlula imbasa nge-chall ivuza.
Ngo-1857, yokhuphiswano lonyaka lwe-academy yoBugcisa, i-Novice Plates equlunqwe klovis kunye ne-clotilda, yaba yi-clotilda, yaba ngumqeshi we-Roma. U-Biza wanomdla kubuhle be-Itali, waba nomdla, wathandana noThando kunye noMculo kaRafali. ERoma, umqambi wamelwe kukudala i-canthatha phantsi kwemiqathango yenkxaso-mali, kodwa endaweni yoko ndaqamba i-opera "don proppio" kunye ne-odomphony "vasco".
Ukuwa kuka-1960, i-Bizet yangaphandle yanyanzelwa ukuba iphazamise ngenxa yesifo sikamama, kwaye ibuyela eParis. Iminyaka emi-3 elandelayo iba nzima kwi-bibyuli yendalo yomqambi. UGeorges kwafuneka aphile ngokudalwa komculo weekona ze-cafe-cookhes, ukutshintsha amanqaku e-orchestral yemisebenzi edumileyo yepiyano, anike izifundo zabucala.
Njengamalahle amaGrike, uBizet kwafuneka abhale umsebenzi oqaqambileyo wethiyetha ye-opera, kodwa ayinakwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu zobuqu. Ngo-1961, umama wasweleka, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, Yesu uhleya nguAlizekal wafa. Ngo-1863, umqambi, ukoyisa amava, wadala i-operical operical operical "iperile yeperile", kwaye emva koko i-opera "ubuhle" be-perth ".
Kwi-70s yaqala ukuchuma kwe-bizeet yobuchule. I "Opera Comic" i-Theather yethiyetha idlulisele i "Jamani", abagxeki kunye nababukeli basixabisa isitayile esicokisekileyo kunye nobuchule benjongo yomsebenzi. Ngomhla we-18722Murser Umqambi oqambe umculo kwi-Alfonson Dodé Dodé "Arlearian". Iseti yayingaphumelelanga kwaye yaphinda yalungisa umbhali kwi-orchestral suite.
I-vertex ye-bizeet ye-bizeet yaba yi-opera "Carmen", ayiqikeleli ngexesha lobomi bombhali. Inkulumbuso ye-1875 yaphumelela kwaye yabangela ukuba kwenzeke okungaphendulwayo koomatshini bokushicilela, ukuveliswa kwathiwa kwabizwa ngokuba scociadale kwaye kuziphatha kakubi. Ngaphandle koku, ukusebenza kunyaka wokuqala kwabonakaliswa izihlandlo ezingama-45. Ababukeli baya kuye ukuba bathanda ukwazi, banyuke ngesiqingatha emva kokusweleka komqambi.
UBiza akazange aphile ngaphambi kokuqonda kwendalo yakhe. Ingxelo yokuqala eyakhayo ivele kunyaka emva kwe-primeere. "UCarmen" wakhawuleza "uRichard Wagner, uJohannes Brahms. Peter Ilylich Tchaikovsky, ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esingaphezulu konyaka, ujonge ukuveliswa, wabhala:
"UBise ngumculi, enika iRhati kwi-Age ubudala nobudala, kodwa afudumele ngenkuthazo yokuphefumla. Kwaye yintoni i-plation entle ye-opera! Andikwazi ukudlala indawo yokugqibela ngaphandle kweenyembezi! "Ababukeli bathandana ne-heroine, umzobo womculo ochithwa kwizandi zeHabarov, Polo, Siegifillas. Iijenali zoTywala zibuyile iintliziyo zoluntu.
Ubomi Buqu
UThando kuqala uBiza yayingu-Italian Giuseppa. Olu lwalamano aluzange lwenziwe kube lixesha elide, kuba umqambi wase-Itali, kwaye le ntombazana ayizange imlandele.
Inyaniso enomdla kwi-bography yombhali "yayiyinto entle yaseMadame Mogador, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-shabyan de shabyan, i-opera serder marlenel lionel, celeste upán. Inenekazi lalisele likhulu iGeorge, wasebenzisa udumo olunamandla. Umqambi wawungonwabanga naye, wabandezeleka ngenxa yemozulu kwaye i-obscene. Emva kokophula ixesha elide wafika ekuxineni.
Ulonwabo lukaBize olufunyenwe nentombi yomfundisi-ntsapho wakhe u-Ancial Gallevy, Geneva. Umtshato wandulelwa ukuba ulukhuni uvuthi nezalamane zoomanyulu bodwa, ababehlanganisene nomtshato. Oyena mncinci ukhusela uthando lwawo kwaye utshatile ngoJuni 3, 1869, wazinza ezithandwa ngabantu abakhalayo indawo yebarbizon.
Ngo-1870, kwaqala imfazwe yaseFranco-Prissi, umqambi obizwa ngokuba yindawo yokuhlala yesizwe, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukhululwe kwinkonzo njenge-Romaship. Wathatha umfazi oselula eBharbizon kwaye wabuyela eParis, apho wayenokunceda khona abakhuseli besixeko.
Nge-10 kaJulayi, nge-1871, iGenevive yazala unyana, inkwenkwe ibizwe ngokuba yiJacques. Ngokutsho kwamarhe, umqambi wayenabantwana ababini, inkwenkwe yesibini - i-jean ye-jean yomdlalo we-Maria Reuters. UGeorges wayethanda unyana nomfazi wakhe, kodwa akazange onwabe kakhulu kubomi bakhe. IGenevieve ithathe iqabane lakho iqabane laza laqalisa inoveli eline pimiery kunye nommelwane uEli Miriam Debord. I-BIBUZ YIBA YAYIYAZI NGOKUQINILE
Ukufa
Ukufa uBiza kuseyimfihlakalo kubaphandi. Kuyaziwa ukuba le nto yenzekile kwi-tywalle, apho usapho lomqambi oluhamba nonyana bakaMariya womkhonzazana nonyana wakhe bahamba ehlotyeni. Bahlala kwindlu enemigangatho emibini, bagcinwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ifoto yakhe ikwi-Intanethi.
U-Biza wayegula, kodwa akazange amthintele ngoMeyi 29, 1875 ukuya kuhambo lokuya emlanjeni kwiqela lomfazi nommelwane ophephekileyo. UGeorge wayethanda ukuqubha. Wakhulula emanzini abandayo. Nge-30 kaMeyi, umqambi waphosa uhlaselo lwe-ruatism kunye ne-fever kunye nentlungu engapheliyo, izandla kunye nemilenze yayekiswa. Ngemini elandelayo, ukubetha kwentliziyo yenzekile. Akufika ugqirha, uBiza walula, kodwa akade.
Ngemini elandelayo isigulana sasichitha inkohliso, kwaye ngokuhlwa ngokuhlwa kuhlaselwa. Umqambi wasweleka nge-3 kaJuni, 1875. Owokugqibela obona umqambi ephila yayingumhombiso. Ugqirha wachaza unobangela wokufa: Intliziyo yentliziyo ye-articumatism enkulu.
Inguqulelo yemvakalelo yayixelwe ngomnye umqambi uAntonin De Sadan, owayeza kuqala eBumbashe, efunda malunga nentlekele. Watsho ukuba uhenyulo lwayo yayiyinxeba elisikiweyo, elinokusebenzisa ababonayo ababona uGeorge Live, oko kukuthi umhombiso. Ummelwane wayenezizathu zokubulala, wakhathalela iGeneva, nomyeni wakhe bema endleleni eya kulonwabo. Emva koko, i-Debing yayifuna ukutshata umhlolokazi womqambi, kodwa umtshato awuzange wenzeke.
Omnye unobangela wokusweleka komdali kaCarmen, abaphandi bakuqonda ukuzibulala. Ngokoluvo lwabo, inxeba umqambi owenzayo, ezama ukusika i-trachea okanye ubugcisa. Izizathu zento enjalo yayinjalo. Kutshanje, uGeorges wayexinezelekile ngenxa yokusilela kunye nezifo. Ngaphambi kokuba ahambe e-Buzhel, wazisa u-odolo emaphepheni, wenza iodolo ebalulekileyo. Ugqirha oye wathetha ukufa unokufihla inyani yokuzibulala kwisicelo sezihlobo.
Amaxwebhu aqinisekisa naziphi na iinguqulelo azigcinwanga. Malume Genevieve, Louis Glalevy, eqhuba idayari enokukhanyisa imfihlakalo yokufa komqambi, kodwa imiqolo ibhalwe emva kokuba umsitho obonakeleyo utshatyalalisiwe. Ukongeza, umhlolokazi waseBizit wafuna abahlobo kunye nabantu abaqhelene ukususa iileta zikaGeorges kule minyaka mi-5 idlulileyo.
Umqambi wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba amangcwaba. Umsitho wenza iindinyana kwimisebenzi yomfi. Kunyaka emva koko, ilitye lesikhumbuzo kumsebenzi wentsimi yeDubois yasekwa engcwabeni kunye nombhalo obhaliweyo kwi-penestal:
"UGeorge Bizé, usapho kunye nabahlobo."Sebenza
I-Operas
- Ngo-1858-1859 - "UDon Prokopio"
- Ngo-1862-1863 - "Abafuna iPearl"
- 1862-1865 - "ivan iv"
- I-1866 - "ubuhle be-perts"
- 1873-1874 - "UCarmen"
I-operetta
- 1855-1857 - "Eloise De Mongolo"
- 1855-1857 - "ukubuyela kweVirginia"
- Ngo-1857 - klovis kunye ne-clotilda
- Ngo-1857 - "UGqr. UMGAQO"
I-OD-symphony
- 1859 - "Ulyss kunye ne-jiires"
- 1859-1860 - "Vasco Da Gama"
Isebenza kwi-orchestra
- 1866-1868 - "iRoma" ("iinkumbulo zeRoma")
- Ngo-1873 - I-ORMULON "Mamamama"