Biography
Emva kwegama le-rarecoma elinikiweyo, phantsi kwe-heroine yeentsomi zeGrisi yakudala, uAriadna Efron wakhanyisa ixesha elide izibatha kwaye esuswe kwi-labrintherint yabathandi beedayari malunga nobomi babo kunye nodumo lwabo umama. Iinkumbulo zabantwana bakhe, zitshabalalisiwe kwiileta nakwiingcebiso, ziyabetha ubunzulu kunye nokuqina kwamaqhina, ngokungathi zidala umntwana, kwaye owayehlala kwi-Sage.Ubuntwana noLutsha
NgoSeptemba 18, 1912, kwisitayile esitsha, i-poetess enkulu yexesha elizayo - emva koko omnye oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala - emva koko omnye oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala - i-Marina Tesvetaeva kunye nomYuda kunye nomYuda wesizwe, okokuqala ngqa baba ngabazali. Ukubiza intombi kanye eyathi ngumama-ngokuchasene nomyeni wakhe owathanda amagama abantu baseRussia, ukuthatha kunye nokuqonda lonke uxanduva lokukhetha.
Kwasebutsheni, le ntombazana yafunda ukuyifunda, ukubhala kwaye igcina iimpembelelo zosuku ngalunye kwincwadi elula yokubhala, kunye nokuqamba imibongo ibandakanyiwe kamva kwi-psyche. Kwindlu yaseMoscow ekhula phakathi kweentsomi zomlingo we-perra kunye nezinto ozithandayo zikamakhulu -i-Pianists Mariya Maine.
Xa iSergey ishiye ivolontiya ukuba ilwe nokubomvu, umfazi wasala nabantwana bobabini ezandleni zabo ukuba balwe nendlala kwaye basinde, kwaye basondela i-ADULTELE. Batyelele ngokuhlwa, funda ibhlokhi kunye ne-balmont, eyahlulwa ukuba isangqa, apho iitapile zahlulahlulwe zahlulwa.
Izifo, nangona zingayishiyanga le ntombazana - umkhuhlane, emva kwakhe, kodwa azizange zithathe ama-USA. Ngexesha lokuhamba kwamanye amazwe, uMarina wayesele - oneminyaka emi-3 ubudala wasweleka kwindawo yokuhlala.
Ngo-1922, intsapho yase-Efron iqhagamshelwe eBerlin, emva koko yafudukela eCzechoslovakia. Iincwadi ezivakalayo ezikhuphukayo nezophuculweyo ngokuhlwa, ukufundisa imbeko nenyaniso njengomthetho ongafezekanga-yonke le nto yayikho rhoqo ebomini bentombazana.
Umsebenzi kunye nobuchule
Ngo-1922, indawo yokuzivocavoca, apho i-Alya yeza khona, ixhobile ngolwazi ngoonobumba besiLatin, ukuthandaza, ulwimi lwaseRussia kunye nemathematics encinci. Kwiindonga zayo kufumene igama lesidlaliso i-typin kwaye ifumane i-fistleties yezinto ezidibeneyo. Kwiziko lemfundo lalingexesha elide, kuba "ulwazi lwalunikezelwe kakubi." UMarina wagqiba kwelokuba akonwabele ukondla intombi yakhe, eyakha nyani ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwephepha-iPolyglot, i-connoisset, inkohliso enzulu yoncwadi, ubugcisa kunye nembali.
IParis yenzeka emva koko, apho yonke ikhaya lekhaya njengoko belisetyenziselwa ukutya, intloko ye-Schoollip, iqabane lakhe-kunye ne-Ariadne Get Portalism Masterssm kwiimpapasho ezine, ukuthunga iithoyithi. Ngokufanayo, ubuchule bokuzoba kwiingqokelela ezimbini, bomnye wabo - i-louvre.
Ngo-1937, uAlya ubuyela kwilizwe lakhe, ngenxa yakhe - iSergey yakovvich. Esona sizathu siphambili sesigqibo, kunjalo, ngokunxulumene neSoviet Union, kodwa kwabonakala ngathi iyiparadesi, ibe yinjineli kamama kwaye, ngokubanzi kunxibelelwano lwezalamane.
Ukuphela kwehlobo lowe-1939 kwaba sisiphelo sentando yeTsvetaeva - iLubyanka, isityholo se-Espionage, ebhekisa kubhekiswa kuBawo, ireferensi. Ukwala "ukunkqonkqoza", emfazweni kwakwihlathi. Ukufa okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwaphinda ukuba ipati-incede umhlobo wayo kwaye wahlangula umyeni waseburhulumenteni. Inkululeko yenzeka kwiminyaka eyi-8 - uAna wafudukela kwilizwe laseSergei yeSenzenin, apho wafundisa ishedyuli yeeruble ezingama-200. Kwafika ngo-1949 wathunyelwa eSiberia ngonaphakade.
Emva kokupheliswa komsebenzi, i-efron yaguqulelwa kwiklabhu - iimpendulo zeWall Newnets, ii-Sloging, ukuphendula ngobomi bendawo nenkcubeko. Iileta zika-Parinak azisingise nje kuphela ngokuziphatha, kodwa ngokokwenza oko - wakhupha iindlela ezivumelekileyo iAriadne kunye ne-Ardedolne yakhe yeFederol-feederf-shkodina ukuze ufumane indlu encinci. Hlala kwikhonkco lasekhohlo, amanxeba okomoya kunye neecocolors.
Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kuza ngokungalindelekanga, kunye nezityholo-ngo-1955, ukubuyela kwakudala eMoscow, nasemva kweminyaka esi-7 - ubulungu kwimanyano yababhali. Udluliselo lwamanani angaphandle oncwadi oluthandayo, ukudalwa kwemisebenzi yemibongo, ukupapashwa kwemibhalo ye-marina Tsvetaeva - ilandela inkululeko yomzimba eyaziwayo, yeza yayila.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1937, uAlou noSamuel Gurevich badibanisa indawo yomsebenzi - umshicileli. Okanye endaweni yoko, i-buffet kwiziko, apho indoda yafika ngqo entlanganisweni malunga nokuziphatha kwakhe, kwaye wajonga umsebenzi ukuba asele i-MORS. I-organageed kunye negalane yayibuhlungu etafileni, kwaye iphakamise imozulu, intombazana ibeka iorenji phambi kwakhe yanyamalala.
Enye intlanganiso iye yahlala isisigxina, abantu abaselula banandipha uluntu lwabo, bahamba kakhulu kwaye bathetha. Ngobomi nenkosikazi yeAriyadadne beAringaadne babesazi, kodwa bagqiba kwelokuba balinde naphi na. Intsapho yakhe, eyabuya ekufudukeni, uSamuweli wawela emphefumlweni kwaye kungekudala waba ngomnye wabathandekayo bakhe.
Ithemba lakhe elipheleleyo kunye nenkxaso kwiingxelo zeposi zafumana isandiso sabo kuzo zonke iindawo zokukhonza esi sivakalisi, wacela ukuba iguqule ipolisa ngakumbi, yafika eRyazan. Ewe kunjalo, babeyazi "i-Ectorince", besoyikisa ngokungafaniyo neqela. Indoda incede umfazi wakhe owodwa wemvelo. Nangona kunjalo, enye yeentlanganiso kunye nayo, etshintshwa emva kwesiphelo sesibini, yacaca ukuba inye ukuba ibe senokwenzeka.
"Ngomyeni wangaphambili (Ngelishwa," wangaphambili ", kuba akukho nto ihlala iphantsi kwenyanga, kwaye nangaphezulu - kodwa hayi malunga nendlela ocinga ngayo, yena wayesemsebenzini wakhe nakwiqela lemigca enxulunyaniswa ne-MOSCOW, kwaye i-njl. njl. Xa ndidibana naye-nge-moscow, kumnandi kakhulu kwaye silusizi ... ", -Umfundisisa ingxelo yakhe.Emva kokuphunyezwa kwe-Gurevich ngo-1951, umfazi osemthethweni watshata okwesibini, nomfazi ogama lingubani ngumhlolokazi, de kuphele ubomi bakhe.
Ukufa
Ngokusekwe kwinyaniso yebhayiloji ye-Ariadna Tsvetaeva, kubonakala ngathi ukufa kwakufuneka kuTyhide, xa kwakusosulela isifo, xa kwakusondela emva kokubeleka emva kwexesha , kwimoto yasimahla, ephethe inqanaba labakhonkxiweyo, kwiinkampu ezimbini.
Kodwa ngalo lonke ixesha wabuyisa ngaphambi kobuso obungaqhelekanga, enika ithuba lokubaleka, aphile kwaye azalisekise incwadi ethi ("kwaye umphefumlo kunye nemizobo (" ikhephu lam lasebusika " ), "Iinkumbulo zentombi" yamaMaya omkhulu ophambili ekuhambeni kwexesha kudala ukubakho.
Umgcini woLondolozo lweeNkcukacha eziBalulekileyo kunye nomguquleli onetalente wasweleka esibhedlele sesiXeko seTrestu ihlobo ekuseni nge-26 kaJulayi ngo-1975. Unobangela wokufa: ukuhlasela kwentliziyo ebanzi. Intliziyo yaphendula kuyo yonke into ekufutshane ngaphandle kokudlula, imisiwe kunyaka wama-633 wobomi. Esona sandulelwanga yintlungu enganyamezekiyo, kodwa ayizange inikele ingqalelo kubo, ngethemba lokuba baya kudlula, kwaye baqhubeka nokuphulukana noqoqosho, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ngamaqhinga.
Wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba asekuhlaleni, kwilitye lengcwaba ngaphandle kwefoto endulini la magama nje ambalwa - igama elipheleleyo lomntu oswelekileyo kunye nemihla emibini. Elokugqibela losapho lwe-Tsvetaeva lashiya udadewabo omncinci we-poetess - uAnastasia ivanovna.
Inkumbulo ye-ALA iphila namhlanje. I-Dmistry yanamhlanje ye-DMMMO yanikezela intetho, ibiza ilungelo elifanelekileyo kunye nephupha laseRussia, "kwaye ngo-2018 ingqokelela yavela kwintombazana engafakwanga i-LYDIA ukufundisa.
Iikowuti
"Iimbongi ezibhalelanga iimbongi, iikreyiti azingabo aboleki; Kwaye iimvumi azizenzi iimvumi; Ukuba yonke into iyinyani kubantu abaninzi, ngenxa yonxano lwabo, ngenxa yonxaxha, ngokungxamisekileyo. "" Ngaphambi kokuba unelungelo lokuthanda imibongo, kufuneka uyithande imithetho ye-arithmetic yakhankanywa apha ngasentla. Ngexesha lokuthintela, umntu ofihliweyo wezibalo ezifihliweyo. "Nabani na ohleka ngaphezulu kwenye, sisidenge okanye isikere, rhoqo - zombini."I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1982 - "Iileta ezivela kwikhonkco. I-Ariadna Efron b. Pasternakuu »
- Ngo-1989 - "Malunga neMarina Tsvetaeva: Iinkumbulo zentombi"
- Ngo-1996 - "kwaye umphefumlo awuyonto. Iileta 1942-1975. Iinkumbulo "
- Ngo-2003 -Umntu. I-Watercolor. Ukufika "
- Ngo-2004 - "ubomi sisilwanyana esinezinye. Iileta eziya eOlga Ivinskaya kunye nerina Emedwanova (1955-1975) "
- Ngo-2005 - ikhephu lam lasebusika. Iinkumbulo, amabali, iileta, imibongo, imizobo "
- Ngo-2008 - "Imbali yoBomi, imbali yomphefumlo" kwimiqulu emi-3
- Ngo-2009-Akukho luthando ngaphandle kwemibongo: Iimemo zeMarina Tsvetaeva *s
- Ngo-2013 - "Incwadi Yobuntwana: I-Ariadna Efron Daies, 1919-1921"
- Ngo-2018 - "Ubuhlobo obungabhalisi: Iileta eziya kwiLidiya Bat"
Ngokubambisana ne-A. Federolf
- Ngo-1996 - "iMiroedih. Ecaleni kwe-aley "
- 2006 - "Ukuqinisekisa Umsebenzi"
- Ngo-2010 - "nobomi bungathi yiYenisei ...". Ecaleni kwe-aley "