Biography
Amaxwebhu acacisiweyo, iinkumbulo zakudala kunye noovimba abanombali ukuza kuthi ga kulo mhla i-onvied kwi-biography ye-bichler ye-wich yasesithathu ye-wichler, i-ridolph hitf, i-Anti-i-Anti-Shite kunye namaNazi. Inkqubo yeNuremberg ye-NureGolg, Umbhali weenkumbulo zeFuhrerer "Umzabalazo wam" ("Mein Kampf") Ubomi obude bubonakalise njengevolotiya, ukuba noxolo oluchasene nolwaphulo-mthetho ebantwini noxolo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
URudolf Walter Richard Hes wazalwa ngo-Epreli 26, 1894 kumadolophu aseAlexandria, eYiputa. Inkwenkwe yaba ngamazibulo kwintsapho yomthengisi kaJohann Finn Fortz Hess kwaye i-Krara Münh intombi, emva koko kwaba babini abaninzi: UAlfred (1898) kunye noMargarita (1908).
Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala, ubomi bukaRudolph batshiswa kwizithintelo: Ukhulele kwindawo yaseJamani, utata odakumbileyo wamkela inkwenkwe ukuba inxibelelane neBritani namaYiputa, kwaye uqeqesho lwasekhaya lwalugcinwa ekhaya. Okokuqala, i-Hous ifundwe kwisikolo samaProtestanti, kodwa kuya kuphepha ukunxibelelana nabantwana bobunye ubuzwe, ke uFritz waguqulela unyana ukuba afunde.
Xa uRudolf wayeneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, intsapho yafudukela eJamani, kwaye inkwenkwe yayikwiSikolo seNdlela yaseMoscow eBar-Worderberg, apho, khona, oontanga basityhutyha "i-phrign". Kodwa, ukuba nengqondo, isikolo sasekhaya saqala ukwenza inkqubela, siphumile kwinani labafundi ababalaseleyo.
UFritz, othumele indawo enkulu yokurhweba ekhaya ethengisa ngendlu & co., efuna ukuhambisa lo mbandela kuNyana. Inkwenkwe yathunyelwa kwiSikolo seRhafu esiphakamileyo eSwitzerland. URudolph akazange akhusela ngokuchasene notata ukumenza umrhwebi, xa kwakufika imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, umfana ongathandabuzekiyo walibala lo msebenzi kwaye waya ngaphambili.
I-punsen ibonakaliswe ebutsheni bakhe: IHess ayinalungelo lokuya edabini. Wazibonakalisa njengomntu ongumArtantry kunye no-Ints kaDisemba 1918 wadilizwa ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya, ephumelele ibhaso lomkhosi - umnqamlezo wentsimbi.
Imfazwe ikhuphe impilo-ntle yentsapho ye-HEMP. Ishishini, ke ligcinwe ngononophelo nguFritz, ukuhluthwa, kwaye wayengakwazi ukubaxhasa abantwana. I-goterans yemfazwe ibonelelwe ukufumana imfundo yemfundo yasimahla, kwaye iRudolph eneminyaka engama-25 yangena kwiYunivesithi yaseMunich kwi-Economist, apho wadibana khona neqabane likaHerman.
Umsebenzi wezopolitiko
Ngo-1919, iHess yayikwintlanganiso yenkampani i-Tula, apho ukuphakama koMdyarho woMbutho waxoxwa. Izimvo zobuzwe kunye ne-anti-semitic, ezazivakala ezindongeni zoluntu, zimisele i-vector yekamva lentloko yeJamani kaHitler. Kwaye ngenkokeli yalo rhulumente, iRudolf yahlangabezana nge-19 kaMeyi, ngo-1920 kwintlanganiso yeqela laseJamani laseJamani (i-NSDAP).
Ngokweenkumbulo zomfazi we-hess, i-illy prel, emva kwentlanganiso eyodwa, umfana wathi:
"Ukuba omnye umntu uya kusikhulula kwiivesana, oko kuya kuba yindoda."UHitler no-Gess bafumana ulwimi oluqhelekileyo: bobabini badele ibutho loyiswa kwimfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, bobabini bayithiyile inkqubo apho i-Weimar Republic ayihlala khona. Amadoda ahlanganisana ngoko nangoko, kwaye uRudolph kwaye akazange asheduke konke kwikamva loMdali weReich Reich Reich. Kamva, ngoNovemba 1923, ukukhokelwa ziimvakalelo eziphakamileyo nxamnye ne-Adolf, i-Gess izame ukubamba amandla. Umsebenzi wabizwa ngokuba "yibhinqa ibhinqa". Ngenxa yoko, bobabini babekwintolongolo yomhlaba. Kwakukho incwadi ethi "Umzabalazo wam" ("Mempff").
Iimeko zokuvalelwa ejele azinakubizwa ngokuba zinkani: Amaxhoba avunyelwa ukuba afumane iindwendwe, amakhadi okudlala, ukutshaya, ukukhulisa imifuno. Kodwa iinkokeli zexesha elizayo zeJamani zaseNazi zazichithe ixesha elininzi ukuze zincokole egadini. Apha, ukuthanda i-hess ku-Adolf womeleza. Wabizelwa incoko kunye nesithixo, kamva ezi rekhodi zingena "kumzabalazo wam." Kwaye nangona igama le-rudolf alichazwanga kubabhali be-Co-, wakhupha isicatshulwa, wangqinela iingcinga ezididekileyo, isitayile esityhidiweyo.
NgoJanuwari 1925, amaJamani ayekhululekile, kwaye uphuthele emva kokuba izicelo eziphindaphindiweyo zangena kuye ngunobhala. I-Rudolph yaphelelwa yiRudolph, ihamba kunye ne-fuhrera kwihambo, ichukumisayo ngaphambi kokuba isukelo, yayiluncedo lokudibana, yayikhathalela indlela yokutya kunye nendlela yokulala kunye nendlela yokulala kunye nendlela yokulala kunye nendlela yokulala kunye nendlela yokulala kunye nendlela yokulala kunye nendlela yokulala. Ukufika kwintlanganiso ukuya eHitler kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuvumelana nomncedisi othembekileyo. Phantse ngenxa ye-HERS ngo-1933, i-Führerer yafika emandleni.
Ukubamba umlingisi welungu le-NSDAP, i-hess yayingazange ngaphambili izithuba ezibalulekileyo kwi-hiararchy yezopolitiko. Ukusekwa konxibelelwano lweshishini, ukwakhiwa kweencwadana ezinemikhosi kunye nokudalwa kwe-proper yobuntu bukaHitler-le misebenzi yeRudolph yenziwa ngokuzithandela. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokumisela urhulumente welizwe-kuzwelonke eJamani, umntu onxulumene nemicimbi yeqela - uAdolf wammisela ngesekela lakhe lokuqala. Ngo-1939, uHerman Get wathatha le ndawo.
Okokuqala, iGassi, ukuba ngumntu ophumeleleyo, wathatha imfundo yeqela leqela elinye: Iimoto ezigxekayo ezisele kwiindawo zokutyela ezixabiso elinenkonzo, ivakalise ukungoneliseki kwamalungu e-NSDAP, ukutshaya notywala.
Ukongeza, ngokugcwaliswa kweRudolf, babengavumelekanga ukuba 'babe neentlobano zesini "namaYuda, bacwangcisa ukwenzakala kubo. Isiphumo sale miyalelo ye-Anti-semitic yayiyimithetho yobuhlanga eMurengg yowe-1935 - "umthetho malunga nommi waseReich" kunye "nomthetho" wokukhuselwa kwegazi laseJamani kunye nembeko yaseJamani ". Phantsi koxwebhu lokugqibela lutyikityo lwe-HES.
Iingcamango zikaHitler malunga noloyiso lwemimandla ziyoyika ngokupheleleyo imini, kwaye amaNazi aqalisa ukulungiselela imfazwe yehlabathi yesibini. UFührer wabona umntu ongenakuthembekile e-UK, kwaye ke ecetywayo ukugqiba isivumelwano: IJamani kufuneka ithathe indawo yamandla aseYurophu, kwaye i-United Kingdom kukubuyisela iikholoni zaseJamani. Isigqibo asithatyathwa, kwaye ke i-dus ifikisile "umsebenzi wehlabathi". Kodwa ngenxa yale nto yayiyimfuneko ukuwela ukuvalwa kwe-hitler ukuba ingashiyi ilizwe kude kube sekupheleni kobutshaba.
Ngomhla we-10 kaMeyi, ngo-1941, i-hess nge-hess ngokufihlakeleyo waya eScotland. Ngomncedisi, wanikela ileta eya eHitler, eqala ngamagama:
"I-führer yam, ukuba unayo le leta, ndiseNgilani."Inqwelo moya ayiphumelelanga, kwakufuneka i-capititley, apho iJamani yalahleka nangokuqonda, ivuke ijikelezwe emkhosini.
Xa uHitler wafumana amanqaku okuqikelela, wangena kumsindo - isenzo se-hess sinokubeka phantsi kothuswa ngamahlakani onxibelelwano. Owayesakuba nguNobhala weFuhrerd wabhengezwa ukuba uphazwe, otyholwa ngelizwe kwaye wawa phezu kwendiza. Igama likaRudolf, ifoto yakhe, imizobo, i-quys "ecinyiwe" ngo "nabantu" beJamani, kunye neJamani babiza umngcatshi.
Umsebenzi we-Hess World yayikukuqinisekisa uWinston Church ukuba atyikitye isivumelwano neJamani, kodwa ngoJulayi 1941 i-USSR kunye ne-USSR kunye ne-United Kingdom iqukumbele kwimfazwe yesithathu. Ukuzincama akunamsebenzi.
ISIQINISEKISO NEPHULO
Meyi 11, 1941 URudolf ubanjiwe. Abasemagunyeni baseBritani babemphazamisa iminyaka emi-4, ngeli xesha abathinjiweyo bazama izihlandlo ezithathu ukuba bazibulale kwaye baphehleka kwengqondo. Ngeli xesha wayethuthwe eJamani ukuza kwiNkundla yaseMkhosini yeHlabathi kwiNkqubo yeNkqubo ye-Nuremberg, i-Hess yayikwimo ye-amnesia. Nangona kunjalo, waza wavavanywa kwi-par enezaphuli-mthetho eziziimitha ezingama-23. Iinkcukacha zenkqubo ekhuthazayo zibonakaliswa ngamaxwebhu amaninzi.
Nge-1 ka-Okthobha ka-1946, intendelezo yamqonda ukuba ihlambulukile kulwaphulo-mthetho oluchasene noxolo nobuntu, kulwaphulo mthetho, ngenxa yelizwe lamaNazi, kuquka nolwandiso kwihlabathi liphela. Wagwetywa ubomi entolongweni, nangona isityholo sifuna isohlwayo sentambo.
Kunyaka kamva, ngoJulayi 1947, ukuqiniseka kasixhenxe, kubandakanya ne-HERS, kwaziswa entolongweni kwaShpasau. Ngo-1966, waseJamani oneminyaka engama-72 wahlala ekuphela kwala mabanjwa asixhenxe. Ekwaluphaleni, uRudolph akazange aphulukane nobugcisa. Wakwazi ukuqesha umsebenzi, ukuze abhale iimbumbulu zakhe. Xa bafunda ngale nto, umbhali weHelss wagxothwa, watshintshelwa kwigumbi elingenabubi.
Ukususela ngo-1960s, umhlaba waqala ukufuna inkululeko yakudala yenkululeko eyintloko ebantwini. Usapho lukaRudolph, amagqwetha akhe anika isibakala sokuba i-vesti yeJamani ye-Vesti, iqulethwe kwiimeko zangaphakathi zentolongo, kwaye imbulala kuye imbi kunalowo ugwetywe kwisigwebo se-Nuremberg. Ingcinga yokukhululeka ayikhanga iNkundla yamaTyala, kodwa iphosa phantsi:
"Imbeko yam kum ingaphezulu kwenkululeko yam."Kude kube iintsuku zakutshanje, akazange avume ukuba unetyala.
Ubomi Buqu
NgoDisemba 1927, emva kolwalamano oluneminyaka esi-7 ubudala, iRudolph Huss yathatha ilvel. I-the the ithenda ithenda, ifumene imibongo kuye. Nangona kunjalo, ngembalelwano nomhlobo wabhala i-Ilza:
"Ngokuphathelele imisebenzi, ngamanye amaxesha ndiziva ndingumfundi wesikolo saseMothustic."
Unyana okuphela kwakhe, i-Wolf Rydixier Hess, wazalwa eneminyaka eli-10 umtshato, nowe-Novemba 18, 1937. UThixo waba yinkokeli yeReich yesibini.
I-Ilsa yayikuphela komfazi we-hess, kodwa abantu bexesha elikwakrokrela umntu kwizifundo ezingezo ngokwesondo. Abahlobo bakaHitler balwela ubudlelwane obunzulu bamaJamani amabini, banika igama lesidlaliso laseRudolph "Freulein Giss" ngenxa yothando. Kodwa xa itshatisa itshatile, iziqhulo ngobomi bakhe bumisile.
Ukufa
Nge-17 ka-Agasti ka-1987, kwakuqukunjelwe ukuba oneminyaka engama-93 ubudala bazibulala, bonwabile kwisisele sentolongo. Inyaniso ecacileyo iqinisekisile idatha ye-autopsy.
Ngaphambi ko-2011, umzimba ka-Hoss wayephumla kumabala amaLuthere kwisixeko saseJamani ka-Agadidel. Emva koko uqeshiswa kweyelenqe lomhlaba emva koko laphelelwa lixesha, kwaye lalitshiswa nge-20 kaJulayi, kwaye i-ridowolph gase yashenxiswa ulwandle.