Biography
I-Abel Tasman yinkulungwane yeDatshi ebalaseleyo ye-Xich Gas. Wayengowokuqala ukufikelela kunxweme lweNew Zealand, kwaye wanceda ekungqina ukuba i-Australia lilizwekazi elizimeleyo.
Ngaphandle kodumo lwendawo efunyanwa yi-tasminal, malunga nembali yokuqala yenyani yendoda. Kuyaziwa ukuba umhambi wexesha elizayo wazalwa ngonyaka ka-1603 kwilali yaseNetherlands yeLutagaret. Ngokusekwe kwinyaniso yokuba igama elipheleleyo leTasmani - u-Abee Jazizson, unokugqitywa ukuba uYise wabizwa ngokuba yi-Yans.
Kuyabonakala ukuba, indoda yayinemvelaphi elula. Oku kuboniswa ngokungathanga ngqo kwengxelo yokuqala yoxwebhu malunga noxwebhu lokuqala malunga ne-SETAME, ngo-1632 irekhodi lomtshato nentombazana engafundanga kwintsapho engamahlwempu.
Ukuhamba kunye nokuHanjiswa
Izatifikethi zenkonzo ka-Abheli elwandle okokuqala ngqa ezifumaneka ngo-1634 - kukhankanywa kumaxwebhu enkampani ye-Cushch East eMpuma njenge-skipper. Kule minyaka ilandelayo, utyelelo lomatiloshe utyelelo kwiMalay Archipelago, apho i-hydrograph yenza umsebenzi we-hydrograph, kwaye ikwasebenza kwindawo yeZiqithi zeMolukki. Ngokucacileyo, indoda isebenze kakuhle - ngo-1638, uTasman wanyula "ingelosi" ngumphathi wenqanawa, apho uSeurior wayehamba khona eIndiya.
Ngo-1639, indoda kunye noMatis Kavasta yaya kukhangela iziqithi ezimbini ezikhoyo ezikhoyo kufutshane neJapan. URico De Oro noRico Deli, apho baxelelwa kuphela abaneentsomi kuphela, kufanele ukuba babeninzi ngegolide nesilivere. I-Tasman ilawula inkosi "yeGroft". Usukelo lwasecaleni lohambo, oluxhotyiswe ngerhuluneli-jikelele yeDatshi Ost-India Anton Wang Dememan, iye yaba luphawu lotshintshiselwano.
Uhambo aluzange lubekwe: Ukuza kwiiPhilippines, abaqhubi besilondolozi bakwazile ukucacisa imephu yeZiqithi, kodwa kungekudala ubhubhane wawudlalwa ngeenqanawa, kwaye abaphathi bagqiba kwelokuba bahambisane nenkundla. Ngexesha lokufika, bangama-7 kuphela abantu abaseleyo kuwo onke amaqela eTasman. Iziqithi ezinqwenelekayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, akukho mntu ufunyenwe. Nangona kunjalo, italente ye-nauting ka-Abheli yavavanywa, ekuqaleni kwe-1640s, irhuluneli iphinda ithumele umkhondo ukuya kumazwe aseAsia.
Ngo-1642, uTasman wathathwa njengomnye wabaphathi baseSpecial East India, yiyo loo nto indoda imisele intloko yolwandle ukuba afunde uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya. Umsebenzi wawuza kufuna iindlela eziya kuthintela ukungqubana kwenqanawa, emva kokuba oomatiloshe babefudukele empuma ukuze babe nendlela elula yaseChile.
Iinkundla, iindlela ezinikezelweyo zethismann, ngokobungqina bakhe, kwimeko embi. Iinqanawa zazine-2-iflegi "ye-hemsmerk" kunye nehlokondiba elithathu "uZehahan". Inani leqela labantu abayi-110. Ngaphandle kokunqongophala kwezixhobo zokuhamba, sele ekuqaleni kwendlela yeelwandle indlela yayilinde ukufunyanwa kwendawo: Kumzantsi waseMauritius Abel wafumana iTasmania. Kodwa ngelo xesha umphandi ngumthengisi womhlaba wayo wang dimeme.
Emva kwexesha, oomatiloshe bafumana olunye unxweme olungaziwayo. Ngapha koko, le yayiyinto engaziwayo ye-zealand ngelo xesha, kodwa i-tasman inamathelele kuluvo lokuba le yayiyimeko evulekileyo yamazwe.
Ukubambelela eBay, u-Abheli wanika iqela ukuba lizalise izitokhwe zamanzi amatsha. Elunxwemeni lwabakhenkethi babelinde abameli babantu baseMaori, owayengabonakalisi ukuba krwada. Nangona kunjalo, ayizange ibathintele ukusuka ngosuku olulandelayo ukuya kuhlasela kunxweme lwe-Innemes. Amalungu amathathu eqela abulawa edabini, abanye ngokungummangaliso babekwazi ukubaleka. Namhlanje, le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yiGolden Bay, kodwa uTasman wambiza ngokuba ngu "ukutshayela kwababulali."
UChile, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezixhobo, uAbheli akazange ahambe, kwaye ngoJuni 1643, iinqanawa zeKinqanawe zibuyela ekhaya eBatavia. Abasebenzi benqanawa banikezelwa, kodwa abasemagunyeni benkampani babengalunganga. Uhambo aluzange lufezekise yonke imisebenzi nengakhange luzise inzuzo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu bafele ngemfuneko yokufunda i-Guinea New Guinea kunye ne-Van-Dima evulekileyo eVan-Dima - umntu wayekholelwa ukuba ezi ndawo zazityebile kwizixhobo. Uhambo lwaphinda lwaqokelelwa, kwakhona entlokweni babeka uAdel Tasman.
Amabali malunga nohambo bayazi kancinci. Amaxwebhu aphambili athathwa njengencwadi kwirhuluneli yenkampani yase-East yase-East And Ast And And And Ameman afikeleleke. I-Torres Strait ngelo xesha yayingaziwa ngesiDatshi, ke uAbheli wafumana umhlaba ofunyenweyo. Kuphela inkulungwane kamva efundwe malunga neNew Zealand eYurophu emva kophando umhambi wesiNgesi uJames.
Kodwa ngenxa yoku, uhambo lukaTasman lwasuswa ngamawaka angama-3.5 e-KM yonxweme lwase-Australia (ngelo xesha - iNew Holland). Oku kwaba lelona galelo libalulekileyo leJoilor Jimography, eneneni wangqina ukuba umhlaba ofunyanisiweyo ngulowomhlaba.
Inkundla ifikile kunxweme lwe-Batavia ekupheleni kwehlobo le-1644, kwakhona ngaphandle kokuzisa inkampani ukuya kwi-Chread kuse elona ncedo liphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, udumo luka-Abheli tasman njengomNadigator nomphathi wahlala uphakame. Kunyaka olandelayo, umntu wabelwa umphathi we-chin, kwaye wenza ilungu leBhunga le-Batavia.
Ukuba nesithuba esiphezulu, uTasman wayenokufumana ubomi baselwandle olungapheliyo kwaye wazinikela ekuhlalutyeni iimagazini zenqanawa. Kodwa le ndoda yayikulungele ukulishiya ulwandle. Ngexesha le-1640s, i-Abheli ihambe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, yaya kwiMalay Archipelago, i-Siam nakwiiPhilippines. Indoda iphume ngokurhoxa ngo-1653, iminyaka emi-6 ngaphambi kokuba ife.
Ubomi Buqu
Njengokuba uninzi lwento yokuba uhambo lukaTasman aluzange luxhalabise, iinkcukacha zobomi buka-Abheli zifihliwe yi-MRAk yeenkulungwane. Ngokwendawo ye-www.genelologuolologuonline.nl, indoda yayiphindwe kabini ngomtshato. Umfazi wokuqala wabizwa ngokuba yiClasgie Heyndriks, owesibini - i-Jannetjetjers. Iqabane eliqalayo lafa laya kutsho kwi-1632, lafika intombi leyo eyayibizwa ngokuba yiClaesjen, umtshato wesibini wajika waba nongenamntwana. Intombi yayihlala ixesha elide kunye ne-tasman eJakarta, kwaye emva komtshato oshiye ikhaya eNetherlands.
Ngaphandle kwesixa esincinci solwazi malunga ne-Adel Tasman, kukho indawo kuyo nakwiinyani ezinomdla. Umzekelo, esinye sezizathu zokuphuma kwe-1642 ithathwa njengothando lothando kwi-Van-Dimeme's Intombi, uMaria. Ngokweerekhodi ezisemthethweni, iintombi zomthetho zerhuluneli zazingenazo, kodwa zinokuba sisihlobo nje, ecaleni kwendoda engafuni kuyibona i-tasman.
Mhlawumbi, phakathi kweempawu zobuqu zika-Abheli yayisengqiqweni nenceba. Ngexesha lohambo olulandelayo, i-Crew yafakwe esiqithini, kwaye umhlali wasekhaya ukhuphe utolo kumlindi. Abantu bomthonyama, boyika ingqumbo yendoda emhlophe, bona ngokwabo basikhupha inqanawa. Kodwa iTasm ayizange ixhele indoda, igweba ukuba wayengalindelekanga ukuba ubeke utolo ngenjongo.
Ukufa
U-Abheli Jezzson uTataman wasweleka nge-10 ka-Okthobha eBatavia, unobangela wokufa ungaziwa.
Ngeli xesha, le ndoda yaba ngumhle wezityebi wedolophu. Ilifa, ngokwentando, lahlulelana ngokulinganayo phakathi kwentombi nomfazi wesibini, kwaye i-25 Guldenov yashukumisa ipalagisaste yokunceda amahlwempu.