Biography
I-Diego Velasquez ngumququzeleli we-Icala le-Iscound Baroque, iNkundla yeNkundla uPhilip IV, iReuters Resortoral Sport, abantu abadumileyo kunye nee-commors. Imisebenzi yakhe yaba yimodeli yokungafumani nto kwaye inobugcisa bokwenyani kwaye iphinda ibonwa emsebenzini ka-El Salvador nasePablo Picasso. I-Velasquez I-Canons igcinwe kwingqokelela yemyuziyam yehlabathi, ngo-1999 nango-2011 nango-2014, amagqabantshintshi anikezelwe kubuchule bokwamkelwa kwe-genius yeza kwizikrini.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Diego Rodriguez de Silva-I-Velasquez yazalwa eSelleni uJuan Rodriguez, obhaptizelayo kwiCawa yaseSt. Peromima nge-6 kaPetros, kwiiveki nje yabo.
Njengomntwana, inkwenkwe ifumene uqeqesho oluhle kwicandelo leelwimi kunye nentanda-bulumko, ngokulinganayo kubugcisa obuhle. Ukufunda umzobo kaDiego waqala kwiStudio Francisco de Errera, umculi oqhubekayo oye wagatya impembelelo yesikolo sase-Italiya.
Xa uVelasquez waqala iminyaka eli-12 ubudala, watshintsha waqala waqala uFrancisco Pacheco. Utitshala ukukholwa ke etalente yenkosi ye-novice, wamzisa ekukhanyiseni. Kwiminyaka eyi-17, i-Diego yaba ngumculi ozimeleyo, yajoyina iqumrhu lePienti yaseSeville, iphupha lomsebenzi kwinkundla yokumkani.
Ukupeyinta
Ekuqaleni kwebhayiloji yokuyila, uVelasquez wayedume ngomfanekiso wemifanekiso yasekhaya kubomi bemibuzo. "Intokazi endala, amaqanda athosiweyo," abafana ababini etafileni "," isidlo sakusasa "babhalwa ngohlobo lweBodegones, eguqulelwe kwiSpain ebizwa ngokuba yi" Harchevnya, Tavern. "
Ngentwasahlobo ye-1622, i-Diego iye e-Madrid ngeleta ebhaliweyo i-Archbishop Huan Rodriguez, eyazisa umculi wasebukhosini, uDweke Olnir. Igumbi lokumkani lakwalela iVelasquez, ebhalela le nto izuza abaphulaphuli, yafumana abaphulaphuli, yafumana indumiso yenkosi.
Ngo-1623, i-Diego yamwe ukuba ihlawulwe eMadrid, ithembisa ukuba amanye amagcisa akasayi kubhala uPhilip IV. Umzobo wokuqala we-velasquez ye-velasque ezenziwe nge-1623. Emva koko, waqala umsebenzi wenkundla, ukufumana ama-20 ophindwe kabini ngenyanga, ukhathalelo lwezonyango, indawo yokuhlala kunye nentlawulo yokupeyinta eyakutsala.
Ngo-1627, uVelasquez wabaphumeleleyo kukhuphiswano lweepende zeSpanish, owayesekwe kukumkani, umxholo walo yayikukugxothwa kwemilambo. Lo mfanekiso wasweleka emlilweni eMadrid Alcassar ngo-1734, ngokwenkcazo yabantu bexesha, uPhilip III waboniswa kuyo, ebonisa iBereehead kwisihlwele samadoda nabafazi, esikhutshwa ngamajoni. Njengomvuzo, uDiego wafumana isikhundla segumbi, kwaye ngonyaka waba ngumthambisi wenkundla yamatyala, inkosi yakhe yaseSpain, endaweni ye-moragi kaJames oswelekileyo.
Ngo-1629, imvume yeMonarch Velasquez yaya e-Itali unyaka onesiqingatha. Nangona utyelelo lwakhe lokuqala kwilizwe lasekhaya lalikhumbuza into ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwesitayile ngasinye, ulwazi oluncinci lwagcinwa malunga nokuba ngubani owafunyanwa ngumculi, obonwayo kwaye ethandabuza ukuba negalelo kwipeyinti yabo.
Ukubuyela eSpain, iVelasquez yaqala ukwenza imizobo yosapho lwasebukhosini kunye nokusingqongileyo kwePhilip IV. Eyona mifanekiso idumileyo yeSifundo seSifundo sePrince Baltazar Darlos Ewe, kanye kwimiboniso yeminyaka emininzi yoMntu we-Olvares, apho umzobi wavakalisa umbulelo wakhe kumncedi wakhe.
Ukwenza imisebenzi yeNkundla yeNkundla, uVelasquez wayehlala ebukele iPhilipP iv, wabhala ngaphezulu kwe-40 imifanekiso. Rhoqo emva kwenkosi xa, wayekho xa wayesoyisa i-lerida. Kulapho ke ukuba umzobi wapenda i-porrait elinganayo awayebonakala ngayo ngohlobo lomphathi omkhulu, owayeliphethe imikhosi, engazange yenzeke.
I-Velasquez iphinde yabhale inani elithile leeJesters kunye nemida yentendelezo yentendelezo, awayephathwa ngayo ngentlonipho nangovelwano. Emfanekisweni "Dwarf Don Diego de Aeso, ubuso obuqinileyo kunye nebhotile eqinileyo ngebhotile kunye nesiphatho esilandelayo sibonisa ukuba isicaka sasebukhosini sibubulumko kwaye sibunjwe ngabantu abaninzi benembeko. Eminye imisebenzi yomculi kwesi sihloko yimisebenzi yePablo De Valladooli, Francisco leskano, u-doan de calabasas.
Nge-1630s, owona mkhulu wamagcisa e-velasquez yelizwi lonqulo elithi "U-Kristu ngomnqamlezo", ebonisa uMsindisi kwangoko emva kokuba efile. Ekupheleni kwe-1640s, i-filipp ikhuphe isiseko seZiko lezoBugcisa eMadrid ukuya kwiTurter. Isityebi seSpain kwimizobo esiyimfuneko ekuqinisekisweni, kwaye uVelasquez wayalelwa ukuba atyelele i-Itali kwakhona ukuze ukwenze.
Ngo-1649, umzobi watyelela i-Genoa, iMilan neVenice yokuthenga i-tian, i-tintoretto kunye neVeronese. Ukufika kweVatican, iVelasquez yafumana iodolo ye-popu ye-pupe x kwaye yayenza kwibakala elitsha kunye nesitayile esibukhali, ebizwa ngokuba yiManera Abreviada (iileta ezikhawulezayo).
Lo mfanekiso ubonise oyena mntu unesifo kwimbonakalo yobuso ekufuneka esoyika ingqumbo yecawa yeCawa yamaRoma Katolika. Ngokuchasene noko kulindelweyo, u-Nurkinti wayewuthanda umsebenzi, waxhoma igumbi lakhe phambi kweofisi yakhe.
Ngo-1651, kwisicelo sika-Philippe Velasquez sabuyela eSpeyin, iqhinga elicwangcisiweyo kunye neepeyinti ezikhutshelweyo kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo iziswe e-Italiya yaza yaqala ukwenza imisebenzi yalo yaqalisa kakhulu. Ukuba nempembelelo kwiipeyinti zepeyinti yase-Italiya, iVelasquez igqibe umfanekiso weVenus esipilini, ebonisa uthixokazi waseRoma wothando, ubuhle kunye nokuchuma, kubuya umbukeli. Ujonga esipilini egcinwe nge-cum.
Amaphepha osombululayo aphindaphinde uhlobo lothixokazi kwaye agxininise ubugqwirha obubanzi bomzimba wakhe. Umculi usebenzise imithunzi ebomvu, emhlophe kwaye ngwevu kumzobo weVenus kumgangatho wokwakhiwa. Ezi ntlungu zahluke ngezilithu ezimnyama, apho uthixokazi uthixokazi, kwaye nombala onsulu wodonga lokubonisa kwayo.
Umdla yinto yokuba "iVenus enesipili" yahlaselwa ngamadanda ngo-1914. Ukupheliswa kukaMary Richardson kungenela igalari yesizwe yaseLondon kwaye yahlasela amacala e-velasquez kunye nenyama ye-tesacians, eshiya ukusikwa phakathi kwamagxa omninzi.
Ngo-1655, ababhali-mbali abangababhali bomnye umfanekiso odumileyo we-Velasquez "ngqo", apho, ngokutsho kwabanye abaphandi, abasebenzi basetyhini kwindibano ye-tapestry iboniswa. Ngokutsho kolunye uhlobo, olujongwa njengengcaciso elungileyo yomsebenzi, umzobi waqengqeleka kwibhongo elingu-Arahan, elalivumile ukucela umngeni khuphiswano loThena kukhuphiswano lolukayo. Kule msebenzi, i-Velasquez isebenzise ukwakhiwa kwemibala ye-bodegones bonakaliso lomsebenzi wakhe wokuqala.
"Ithe nkqo" yadalwa ngokomyalelo woMzingeli weNkundla uDon Pedro De Arhente kwaye wangena kwingqokelela yasebukhosini. I-canvas yasinda kumlilo we-1734, kodwa yafumana umonakalo obalulekileyo kwimiphetho. Kwinkqubo yokubuyiselwa, izinto ezingekhoyo zongezwa kwaye zagcinwa zangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kuphela ilungu elisindayo lomfanekiso liboniswa kwimyuziyam yePordo, kwaye izinto ezifunyenweyo ezingabeki kwibrashi yeVelasquez zivaliwe ngesakhelo.
Imiboniso yokugqibela yemiboniso yasebukhosini yeVelasquez, itsaliwe ngaphambi kokuba ife, iphakathi kweyona ntlungu ibalaseleyo yenkosi yaseSpain. Kwi "i-inventa Margarit Teresa kwingubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", indlela nganye yombhali yafikelela kwi-Apogee: iindawo ezifihlakeleyo zemibala kwimigangatho yobubanzi ivelise indawo enemilinganiselo emithathu.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-Epreli 23, 1618, i-Diego Velasquez itshatile intombi katitshala wakhe uFrancisco Pacheki - Juan. Umzobi nomfazi wakhe babenabantwana ababini. Intombazana esemncinci, uIgnashi, wasweleka ebusaneni, kwaye iFrancisa yazilungiselela ubomi bakhe kwinkundla yamaJuan Batista Martistal Mazo, oqhubeka nesiko lokuvavanywa kwakhe okukhulu.Ukufa
NgoJuni 1660, uVelasquez wayenembeko yokuphumeza i-Spanishon yeSpanish kunye nokucaciswa ngokupheleleyo komsitho womtshato uMariya Teres XIVE, olwalubanjelwe kwisiqithi sasePheasanov, kumlambo we-bidawoa.
Lo msitho usijongile impilo yombilini wenkundla. Emva kokubuyela eMadrid, wavuka ubushushu. Ukuziva unesiphelo sendlela, iVelasquez yatyikitya umyolelo, ukuqesha abadlali bentando yokugqibela kunye neendlalifa zomfazi wakhe nomhlobo wakhe, umgcini werekhodi yasebukhosini.
Ngo-Agasti 6, 1660, umculi wasweleka. Unobangela wokufa yayingumphunga. Iintsuku ezisi-8 emva kokuba uVelasquez wanikelwa emhlabeni, umfazi wakhe uJuan wasweleka. Amangcwaba abo ayeseCawa yaseSan Juutista, enesiFrentshi atshatyalalisiwe ngonyaka we-1811. Uphi umngcwabo womculi, ongaziwayo.
Ukupeyinta
- 1618-1619 - "isidlo sakusasa"
- 1619 - "Ii-Werches"
- 1628 - "uloyiso lweWakha, okanye uPrunka"
- 1631 - "I-PRORRAIT yePrince Baltazar Carlos nge-Dwarf"
- 1632 - U-"Kristu obethelelwe emnqamlezweni"
- 1638 - "I-PRORRAIT YOBUGCISA OLONIvares"
- 1637-1639 - "UDon Dean de Calabasa"
- 1647-1651 - "iVenus ngesipili"
- 1650 - "I-PROPRAIT YOPUPI ARTEXI X"
- 1653-1655 - "Umzobo kaPhilip IV"
- 1656 - "Mein"
- 1657 - "ngokuthe ngqo, okanye i-arahn intyoh"