Biography
I-Guy Lucaus Lucaus yayimi kwimvelaphi yemvelaphi ye-SATIre yaseRoma. Isipho sakhe sombongo saxatyiswa kakhulu ngabantu bexesha elithile ngenxa yokuhambelana nezihloko zezihloko. Indoda yayingummi ophawuleka waseRoma, wayephakathi kwabahlobo bomphathi-mali. Ubuchule be-Luccicia buquka iincwadi ezingama-30, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ixesha lethu ligciniwe, ngokwembali yethu, ngokwembali, i-tentieth zabafundi: Kuphela yimigca eyi-1,300.Ikamva
Ngokuphathelele umhla wokuzalwa, ababhali-mbali uLulia bakwenza kube nzima ukubiza amanani athile. Ingxelo yecawa yakudala kaJerome inika ingxelo yokuba u-Satirik wazalwa ngo-148 BC. NS. Kodwa iingcali zengqondo zamkela olu lwazi lwebhayiloji yakhe, kuba ke kuvuma ukuba uLucaus waya emkhosini, enobuqhetseba ngenxa yobudala bakhe.
Ngokusekwe koku, kulisiko ukuqwalasela unyaka wokwenyani wokuzalwa kwembongi ye-180 BC. NS. Indawo yokuzalwa kwembongi yincwadi yesiLatini yeSes Aruung e-Itali, kwindawo yephulo. I-Lucicius yayinemvelaphi entle, yayiziphumo ezivela kwiklasi yabakhweli, eyayifunyanwe kwiimbongi zelo xesha. Intsapho yakhe yayingaphantsi komhlaba kunye nenani elikhulu lamakhoboka. Kuzo zonke iimpawu, imbongi yayinesimo sommi waseRoma.
Udadewethu we-Satirik - uLullily wayengumama okanye umakhulu wezopolitiko waseRoma kunye ne-Popel Popeiy enkulu. Imbali i-Guy Valley Potterkul kwimibhalo yakhe ikhankanya ukuba uLucipius wakhonziswa phantsi kwentloko yomphathi waseRomanion uElilia ngo-134 BC. NS. Kwaye i-horace yabhala ukuba okokugqibela kunye nembongi baboshwe ubudlelwane obusondeleyo, uLucicius wachaza ngokufutshane iingubo kunye nesidima somphathi kwi-satire yakhe.
Naxa suphiions okanye uLeya, i-sage iSerene,Kwaye kwindimbane yabantu nakwimicimbi ababethatha umhlala phantsi.
Wayedla ngokuthanda ukuhlekisa nabo kwaye athethe ngokulula ...
Ukuba nemvelaphi entle, uLucinous enenjongo yokuphila ubomi beminqweno yomnini mhlaba okhuselekileyo, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa kwezopolitiko nakwimisebenzi yentlalo. Kodwa emva kwephulo lomkhosi, imbongi yafudukela eRoma, yathe yathenga indlu awayehlala kuyo de kwaba mdala.
Kwikomkhulu, udibana ngokusondeleyo nabantu ababalaseleyo ngelo xesha - inkokeli yaseGary Lea, i-Philosofer Rhodes, i-terenzie kunye namanye amalungu e-Szipion EmilianA.
Kwibuthona, i-MUG ihlala ixoxa ngemeko yezopolitiko, imithetho emitsha, iphulo lomkhosi, ukucinezela iingxaki zoluntu. ULucius wazibonakalisa ngokwakhe izihloko eziqaqambileyo zoluntu lwanamhlanje. Kwaye kungekudala waqalisa ukuchaza izigwebo kwiFomu yemibongo:
I-Valor-Soloko usazi iziphumo zezenzo zethu,I-Valor-Hlala usoloko unesikima apho imbeko khona apho ilungelo liphi?
Yintoni elungileyo kwaye ayikho, loo vulno, ukunganyaniseki kunye nengozi ...
Imisebenzi ye-satirik ixabisa kakhulu abantu ababenentelelo - zombini ii-aristocrats kunye neziqhelo zedolophu. Igunya le-Lucicia libonisa ukuba umntu onyibilikayo, njengoClitheham, iNtloko yeZiko leMfundo ePrototic, elinikele eLuzilia isincoko.
Ekupheleni kobomi bakhe, uLucalius wadla ngokuhlala elumkile, ehlala eNaples, ehlala kuphela, engabolekisi umfazi wakhe kunye nabantwana-ayikho enye into ngobomi bombhali ongumbhali akaziwa. Emva kokusweleka kwembongi (izizathu azikhankanywa kwimithombo) kwi-103 okanye i-102 BC. NS. ENaples, abasemagunyeni babalazela umngcwabo wesidlangalala, ophawulwe ngokwenza ubuncwane nobuso, nto leyo eyayiphinde yabonisa ukuba yamkela umbhali ngexesha lobomi.
Imibongo kunye ne-satire
Ilifa le-satire ye-satire ifikelela kwiintsuku zethu kwiziqwengana, ezisasazeke kwimigca yemibongo. Kodwa iikowuti zombhali zikhankanya iimbongi ze-cicero, eHelhoum nabanye. Ngokwale migca, iingcali ziqukumbela ukuba i-Satires Lurily ibonakaliswa bubukhulu obungalingani, imigca yemibongo yayihlala ikufuphi neprose. Imibongo exutyungelweyo ibizwa ngokuba yi "Ityhubhu".
Nangona imbongi yamaRoma yakudala yeHorace ayizange iyakuqonda nje ukungafezeki kwemvano-siphelo kwaye yagxeka kabukhali umsebenzi we-SATATE, kodwa waqonda ukubaluleka kunye namandla emigca. Emva koko, uLuciuus wanyula indlela ye-GETMERTA kwaye waqala ukubhala kwisikhululo selungu elithandathu.
Ulwimi lombongo waseRoma luyahluka kakhulu: Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabantu abantu abalula, kunye nentetho egudileyo yabemi. Imbongi idla ngokuhlala kwindawo yokwamkelwa apho amagama amaGrike kunye ne-latin axubeneyo, agxeka oku kusetyenziswa rhoqo ulwimi lwesiGrike.
Izihloko zemixholo zikhethe ezona ngxaki ziphambili zexesha: Imibuzo yenkolo, uncwadi, ezopolitiko, intanda-bulumko. Yonke le lucadius ibonakaliswe kuhlobo olumangalisayo lwe-satire. Ke, omnye wemisebenzi yokuqala yaseRoma yayingu "Sapira ngomtshato", owabhalwa ngumbhali ukuphendula umnxeba wabasemagunyeni ukuba anyanzele onke amaRoma amtshatweni kunye nokuzalwa komntwana. Kweli phepha, umbhali uyaphikisana njengomntu oqhelekileyo webhachelor, obiza umfazi wakhe "ububi obumnandi."
I-Satirika ijongene nokungaguquguquki okucacileyo kweeklasi eziphakamileyo zelizwe laseRoma, i-mired kwisidlo sakusasa. ULucicius picis pirackely MIDS emsebenzini wenkqubo yenkqubo yezomthetho. Omnye wemisebenzi eqaqambileyo emsebenzini wembongi yayiyi-satira malunga neemfazwe ze-gradiator:
Kwimidlalo ye-gladyator ecwangciswe ziifleck, ezinyeKwakukho i-intanethi-yam, i-Scoundrel, ifanelwe bubomi bakhe.
NgoPatrimonary, wakhuphisana apho, eyona ingoyena mntu
Emva kokudala abantu, i-glayator yeyona ilungileyo.
ULucius wanomdla ocacileyo kwiSayensi yeNdalo. Umbhali unyusa izihloko zempilo kunye nokugula, izimvo zolwalamano lomzimba kunye nomphefumlo. Imbongi idla ngokubhala kumntu wokuqala, ukhwele iziphene zomntu kunye nobuthathaka, kwaye uxela amava obuqu okungena kwiimeko ezithile. Ihlala ichaza eyakho ukuhamba. Umzekelo, emva komlo waseSicily, uthotho lwamantshontsho lwendlu oluhlekisayo wavela.
UmRoma akazigqali "izazinzulu" okanye ukungasebenzi ", imibongo ye-Luccia ayiyisebenzinga i-masses, kodwa ichaphazela inxenye ye" Tobst " I-Satura. Imbongi ye-satiri, yuvenil, ithethe malunga netalente ye-allily:
"Nanini na uLucius, ngokungathi uveza ikrele, uqhawula i-ferrivr fevlas kunye nokukhwaza, ihlazo lepeyinti libaleka ebusweni bomameli, osele ekhupha igazi kwizenzo zenkani."Yonke le nto ibonakalisiwe kwinto yokuba uLutoly wayethathwa njengomsunguli weSatire yaseRoma ngexesha lawo. Ubuchule bomRoma buchaphazele kakhulu imisebenzi yeembongi zethuba lokugqibela, ngakumbi, intsholongwane nePersi.
Iikowuti
"Gxila ingcinga ihlala ikwizibonelelo zenkunkuma,Emva-kwiinzuzo zezalamane, emva koko wazinceda. "" Iintsuku zabo kunye nabantu, kunye ne-senangutors - yonke into engafaniyo
Thug isihlwele kwiforum kwaye ungahambi.
Yonke imisebenzi yobugcisa yedwa kwaye ikhathazekile inikiwe:
Ngokungathi ukuba uza kuthwala omnye komnye, kumzabalazo wokulwa kumzabalazo ... "" nayiphi na ileta incinci - lo ngumbongo.
Ewe, kwaye indalo yonke imibongo ifana ne "Iliad"