Biography
UHeinrich YAGDADA ngumntu, igama elinye eliphakathi kwe-30s lenkulungwane yama-20 lisoyika bobabini abalindi nangaphezulu lwamandla noluntu oluqhelekileyo. Waseka iGulag, eyaba luphawu lwenkqubo ehlonitshwayo, kwaye yabeka isiseko sezandla ezininzi ezizayo ngaphezulu kokugxothwa. Nangona kunjalo, izinto eziphambili ezingaphambi kwetheko okanye i-chin ephezulu zisindise i-trimossar yabantu kwi-molitarian molo ngokwazo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Enoki Gerchenovich YAGDA- Eli ligama lokwenyani le-Commissar - azalelwe ngoNovemba 7, 1891 kwisixeko saseRussia saseRybinsk. Kunyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa komfana, usapho lwafudukela apho ukusuka kuSimbirsk (namhlanje isiXeko sibizwa ngokuba yi-Ulyanovsky), ngo-1896 ukubuya umva. Intsapho yamatshakazi yayingamaYuda kwaye, ngokwezithethe zaloo maxesha, ukongeza kwiHenry, abazali babenabanye oonyana abangama-2 kunye neentombi ezingaphezu kwe-2 neentombi ezi-5.
Kwi-Simbirsk, amathambiri ayehlala ixesha elide kwaye ungadlulanga owe-1902 wafudukela eNizhny novgorod. Abashukumi be-berry basebenza njenge-jewer (ngokomnye ulwazi-umshicileli wombhalo), umama wentsapho esithandwa ngabantwana abayi-8 wayengumfazi wasekhaya. UHeinrich, uphumelele esikolweni, wafumana umsebenzi njengamateritistic.
Xa kwaqala imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, i-berry yabiza ngaphambili, apho wakhonza kuqala sisikhundla, emva koko ngom-SERINT kude kube sekupheleni kuka-1916. Benzakele, badilize kwaye baphinda bahlaziywe ukuze basebenze kwijakethi yomsebenzi, kamva - oobalo-manani iSebe lemibutho yobudlelwane bedolophu.
Inguqu kunye nemisebenzi yezopolitiko
Imibono yohlaziyo yayingaqhelekanga kwintsapho yonke yeHenry, ngoko ke yazibandakanya nabo ebutsheni bakhe. Utata ngo-1904 wavuma ukuba kwindawo yokuhlala kwigumbi lezirileji eziphantsi kweNdlu yoshicilelo engaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye intloko ye-NKVD ithathe inxaxheba emsebenzini wayo.Ngo-1905, ukubandakanyeka koonyana abakwimeko yenguquko ngo-1905 - ngexesha lokuphakama kweSorov, iminyaka eli-15 ubudala yabulawa, uMzalwan 'uHenry. Ngo-1907, umfana lowo ngokwakhe wayebandakanyeka kwimidlalo enzulu: Ngokwengcaciso yeSebe lezoKhuseleko lweMoscow, wayeyinxalenye yamaKomanisi e-ANHHY NVODDOD. Ngaphaya koko, umsebenzi kaHenry wanikwa ubunzulu-ukufaka i-moscow amaqela okuqiniseka ukuba ucwangciswe ngakumbi kwebhanki yebhanki.
Ngo-1912, i-berry yayivalelwe eMoscow ngenxa yobuzwe abanengxaki. Umfana wayehlala esixekweni ecaleni kwepasipoti engeyonyani, ngelixa amaYuda ahlala kwimali eyayisakuba yincwadi ehlawulwe - abantu benkolo yamaJuda ngaphaya kokona kunqabile. Akwaziwa ukuba yayiyi-Gendarmes, kodwa mhlawumbi yayiyimbonakalo kaHenry-kunye nefoto yelo xesha kwinzala, umfana oselula wamaYuda ubukele.
Kwinkqubo yenkqubo, ulwazi malunga namaqhina aguqulelwe ngamaqhina afunyanwa, kwaye iminyaka emi-2 wathunyelwa kwikhonkco le-Symbairsk, kodwa kamva ngenxa yokuxolelwa, eli gama lancitshiswa laya enyakeni. Ukubuyela kwethu ekhaya, i-berry yaguquka iye ku-Orthodoxy kwaye ndiyabulela le nto wakwazi ukuhlala kwikomkhulu leRussia, iPetrograd.
Xa impumelelo iqale esixekweni ngo-1917, uHeinrich waba nenxaxheba ebonakalayo, kwaye phakathi konyaka wasebenza njengomhleli wephephandaba elithi "Rustic". Xa yayili-berry elalijoyina itheko, ayaziwa ngokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo. Lowo ngokwakhe wathi mahala kwi-Autobiography ngokwayo, kodwa ngokwetyala lakhe, imitha ye-tifisser, le yenzeka kuphela ngo-1917.
Umsebenzi wezopolitiko wenguqu ngokukhawuleza uyenyuka ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqala emsebenzini kwiPettrograd CC, sele ekhonze ngo-1919 wayekhonza kumhloli ophakamile emkhosini obomvu. Apho, i-berry yabonwa nguFelikis Dzerzhinsky kwaye yaguqulelwa eMoscow, kwi-quarimariya yabantu kwezorhwebo.
ISebe leMfundo eliKhethekileyo leNkonzo yeSizwe lolo hlobo lulandelayo kwi-biography yenkonzo, ukususela ngo-1920, uHenry Grigorievich wayelilungu leBhodi yoLawulo lwezopolitiko. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, yathunyelwa kwi-2nd esekela lesihlalo ye-OGPU, kwaye emva kokusweleka kukaDzerzhinsky, wathabatha isikhundla se-vhlovlav medomky eyamtshintshayo kwaye yaba yintloko yenkonzo efihlakeleyo.
Ngexesha lokulwa ngaphakathi kwe-batch, iqela le-Berry lenziwa kwicala likaJoseph Stalin kwaye ngo-Okthobha 1927 yayiyintloko yokukhawulezisa imbonakalo ye-antistali. Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1930s, uHenrich Grigorievich waqala ukongamela ukwakhiwa komhlophe, okukhethwayo ngokukhethekileyo amabanjwa eGulagi, edalwe ngenxa yemizamo yamabinzana. Amabanjwa angenelele ngaye (engaziwa, ngokulunga okanye ukwenzela ukuthintela ingcinezelo eqhelekileyo) ngamagama:
"I-Berry ngokwayo isisikhokelela kwaye ifundisa iliso lakhe emehlweni, isandla sakhe isandla!".Ngeli xesha, amaqabane emcimbini epatishwe yimisebenzi yoogxa ngonene, efaka ikhosi yeChastushka
"Awuyi kuba buhlungu i-chorry,Umanyano ngaphandle konyaka.
Kungekudala kukho umxube nawe
Ubuncwane beBerry "
Ngo-1933, uHenry Grigorievich wayezibandakanya kwimicimbi yokubanjwa kwaye ekhangela izinambuzane kwiziyobisi ze-USSR. Ngamatyala, ekuphuhliseleni oko wayenenxaxheba, malunga ne-100 yeenkqubo zabanjwa, 40 kubo yayidutyulwa. Kwinkqatho ye-23 yabanjwa kwelona liphezulu, abantu abangama-21 bagwetywa.
Sele ke, iidilesi ezigwetywayo zomphathi wezolimo zabhala uStolin kwiinkampu ukuba i-berry ikhokelele kwisiphumo sokusetyenziswa kweendlela ezingekho semthethweni. Okufanayo okhethiweyo kwiileta uAlexander wavunywa ekuvukeni kweentlola. Ityala linokuya kwintshukumo - iKomishini yePolitiki yaqonda ukuba ibango nenyani efanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokubulawa kweSergey Kirov, akukho mntu wenze lo mbandela, kwaye uHenrich Grigorievich ngo-1934 waba lilungu leKomiti yeCPU (B).
Xa wayeneminyaka yowe-1934, i-NKVD yadalwa, i-ntmar yabantu yemicimbi yangaphakathi ka-USSR inyule i-berry, eyayikulo ngelo xesha yayiqala ukubambelela kwiWorld Unian kwaye yayisithi lixesha lokuyeka. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukhuseli uHenry ukuba abe ngomnye wabaququzeleli beenkqubo zokubulawa kwe-kirov - kwakungekho okhethekayo phakathi kwekholikisi, i-stalin yanyanzelisa le nto.
Ngo-1935, i-berry ifumene isihloko soKwimi Jikelele kwiKhomishini yoKhuseleko lukaRhulumente, yaye kamva yakhokelela kwinkqubo ka-Leo Kamenev naseGrigoria Zinoviev. Nangona kunjalo, i-workmar yabantu kwimicimbi yomzabalazo weqela lwangaphakathi bema kwizimvo ezikufutshane nezimvo zikaNikolai BuKharin no-Alexey Rykov. Kwakungekho mkhathanzi-uStalin wayekuthathela ingqalelo ezi zinto zimbini, le ndoda yaphulukana nentembeko yenkokeli enkulu.
Ekuqaleni, uHeinrich Grigorievich ngo-1936 wasuswa e-ofisini kwaye wenza unxibelelwano lwe-comissar, emva koko yahlula-hamba le posi, kwaye ikhutshelwe ngaphandle kwi-WCP (B). Ukuphela kwamajintsho waba yinto yexesha.
Ukubanjwa kunye netyala
Ngo-Epreli 4, ngo-1937, uHenry Yody wabanjwa ngeendleko zemisebenzi yokulwa nombuso kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho. Emva koko banyanzelwa ngenxa yetyala lonxibelelwano noLvi-rotsky, uNikolai BuKharin no-Alexei Rykov, babanjwa nale meko ye-trotskyist-fascist yelimesi kwiziyobisi.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yesithathu ye-MASCOW, i-Berry yolwazelelelo lalilahla omnye ulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-Welchant-I-Espionage, kodwa yavuma ukuba ugubungele abathathi-nxaxheba kwiyelenqe kwaye waziqonda ukuba umngcatshi uye kwitrasti yasemama.
Dubula
NgoMatshi 13, 1937, uHenry Berry wagwetywa: isigwebo sentambo ngokuphunyezwa. Kwilinge elililo ukusindisa ubomi boMgwebi oPheleleyo uStalin ngokuxolelwa, kodwa uxwebhu lwezikhalazo lwakhatywa. Ngomhla we-15 ku-Matshi 1938, uHenrich Grigorievich YAGADA WABDADA WAMAYENSI. Unobangela wokufa, ngokucacileyo, yaba yinxeba eliyibhulethini.Ngokukhuselekileyo, i-berry yatshixiwe - iNkundla ePhakamileyo yeRussian Federation igqibe kwelokuba ngo-Epreli 2, 2015. Abakhuseli bamalungelo abantu bayaxhaswa-kuya kuba yinto engaqhelekanga ukuvuselela umntu onengxaki yokufumana isazela senkqubo yokujonga.
Ubomi Buqu
UHeinrich Beroda wayetshatile ukuya kumtshana wesibini wembono ye-Averbach, ngo-1929 unyana kaHeinrich (iGarrik) wazalwa. Igama le-Comissory yokuqala ye-NKVD yayiligqwetha, kwaye, ngelixa iqabane lakho linenceba yeStalin, esebenza kwi-ofisi yomtshutshisi.
Emva kokubanjwa nokudubula kwamabhuleki, eli bhinqa lahlula isiphelo sezihlobo ezininzi ecinezelwe: Ekuqaleni sasineminyaka emi-5 ubudala e-Ossane e-Oshlane e-Ossane e-Ossane, emva koko ithunyelwe kwi-Orenovsky, yaye ngoJuni 1938 waye dubula. Ngokungafaniyo nomyeni wakhe, i-Idu Avebiach yalungiswa.
Unyana Dageri uthathe ifani kamama ukuba aphephe intshutshiso. Emva kokuba ukusweleka kwabazali kwakhuselwa kwikhaya leenkedama, ngo-1949 wangena enkampini, apho uStalin wakhululwa khona emva kokufa. Ngokubanzi, emva kokuphunyezwa kwekomishini yabantu kwimpindezelo yabandezeleka ezili-15 kwizalamane zakhe.
Kukho ulwazi kubomi bobuqu lwe-Ber aluzange lubeke umda kuye kwaye lwalunenkohliso. UNidezhda Peshkova, Maxim gork, oHenry Grigorievich wayenguhlobo lwaphambi kwexesha.
Ukongeza, abaqeqeshi bakawe-ntsapho babenemidla ethile ekhethekileyo - ngexesha lokukhangela, inani eliqingqiweyo lezinto ezingamanyala libanjiwe kwi-berry.
Ngokungenisa inkangeleko yabantu, i-Intanethi inolwazi malunga nokukhula okutsha kweHeinrich - i-146 cm. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwazi lusasazeka. Kwifoto evela ekwakhiweni kwe-MOSCOW-Channel, i-berry imele ecaleni kweNikita Khrushchev, kwaye ukukhula kwayo kwakumalunga ne-160 cm. Ingabonwa ukuba i-heinrich grigorievich ingaphezulu kwe-khrushchev, kwaye oku kusivumela ukuba sigqibe kwelokuba ukukhula Amajikijolo kuso kufutshane ne-170 cm.
Funda ngakumbi ukufunda malunga ne-odski yokuqala ye-NKVD, ungavela kumagama "aneenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo. Umnini kaLubyanka: Heinrich Berry, "" iimfihlo zenkulungwane. UHenry YAGDA: Ukuwa kwe-Marshal Lubyanka "kwaye yanikezelwa kuye koluhlu lwama-34 'lwembali yembali kunye noNikoanidze".
Amabhaso
- Ngo-1922 - Sayina "uHlonipheni weHCHC GPU (v)"
- Ngo-1927 - "I-odolo yebhendi ebomvu"
- Ngo-1930 - "I-odolo yebhendi ebomvu"
- Ngo-1932 - "I-odolo ye-REDSFSR RSFSR RSFSR RSFSR"
- Ngo-1932 - Sayina "U-HOFISI WARH-GPU (XV)"
- Ngo-1933 - Sayina "U-ROHER RODER we-RCm"
- Ngo-1933 - "I-odolo yeLenin"