Biography
UPeter Konchalovsky ungumdwebi obalaseleyo waseRussia noSoviet ozuze iqhinga lokupeyinta iCezanne. Wayenethamsanqa ukuba aqatshelwe ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe, kwaye namhlanje ipeyinti kunye nemizobo yomculi ayavuya ukufumana imyuziyam nabaqokelelileyo eRussia, kodwa nakwamazwe aseYurophu.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Petr Petrovich Konzovsky yazalelwa kwiSixeko saseSlavyanK KharkIva NgoFebruwari 9, 1876. Utata wakhe wavela kwi-nobleamen kwaye wayengumguquleli ophumeleleyo kunye nomshicileli. Ubuntwana bangokobuntwana bomculi wexesha elizayo udluliselwe kwilifa labazali, kodwa ekubeni uKonchalovsky - omkhulu wabandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yoguquko, kungekudala imeko yobomi iguqukile.
Utata womculi wabanjwa wakuthinjelwa eHolmogors, i-estate yahluthwa. Emva kwexesha, uKonchalovsky oshiyekileyo ukuba ahlale eKharkov, apho uPeter oneminyaka engama-8 ubudala waqala ukufunda kwisikolo sobugcisa.
Ngo-1889, kwaphinda yafudukela le ntsapho, eli xesha eMoscow, apho inkwenkwe, inomdla kakhulu kwipeyinti, yaqala ukupeyinta iikhosi zeSikolo seStroganomvy. Ekunyanzeliseni utata uPeter uPeter waphantse watshintsha ubugcisa wangena kwiYunivesithi yaseMoscow kwiCandelo leSayensi yeNdalo. Nangona kunjalo, umzobo wasilela ukushiya nokuphembelela utata wakhe, waya eParis - ukuqhubeka nokufunda.
Iminyaka emi-2, ukusuka ngo-1896 ukuya kwi-1898, uPeter uPestalovsky wafunda kwi-Academymymy e-Juliana nakweli xesha, eyiqonda le nto ifuna ukuba ngumculi. Imisebenzi yomfana othile eFransi yafumana uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo. Ukubuyela eRussia, wangena kwi-Academy yobugcisa, ekupheleni kwayo ikhetha i-pavel-scloortion pavel kovalevsky.
Nangona kunjalo, imizobo kaPeter ayizange inomdla, kwaye wahlala ixesha elide kwigadi ye-botanical, ukufaka indalo. Idiploma ye-Academy yoBugcisa iKonchalovsky ifunyenwe ngo-1907.
Ukupeyinta kunye nokuyila
Indlela yokuyila yasePeter uTochalovsky yayilixesha elide: Ukuqala ngokupeyinta okuphelileyo, waphumelela ixesha lokukhangela iindlela ezintsha zokubonisa kwaye ekugqibeleni wabuyela kwitayitile. Ungayilandela le nto kumzekelo wokuzibongoza komculi obhalwe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubonisa kunye nokusebenzisa izisombululo zemibala echasayo.
Ekuqaleni, isitayela sikaKonchalovsky sifana nomsebenzi kaKonstantin Korovina, kodwa ngokuzalisa izifundo, umzobi waya eParis, apho watyelela khona lo mboniso wepeyinti yeVininset van Gegh. Iimpembelelo zokupeyinta zezaqhwithi eziqaqambileyo ezibeke uphawu lomsebenzi waseKnchalovsky: ngokobugcisa, uVan Gogh watyhila amehlo kaPeter.
Kumsebenzi welo xesha, kulula ukuqaphela impembelelo kunye namanye amagcisa azukisiweyo: Amacandelo e-Cezanna naseHenzanna kunye noHenzo Maisse - imizobo yabo bamangaliswa emanzini emphefumlweni.
Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1910s, i-Petr Petrovich, kunye noogxa bakhe kwiworkshop, ilungelelanise iqela lobugcisa "Bubnovaya Valet". Abathathi-nxaxheba bayo bayayishiya iikheno zokupeyinta ezinokwenzeka kwaye zalandela indlela ye-filim. Iziseko zobuchule ziindlela zokuhlala, zikubhiteri kunye nobubi.
Ngeli xesha, i-biography yasekwa nguKonchalovsky isitayela sakho: isidima esine-muratiment, sinepende enkulu kwaye sihluthwa iinxalenye ezingafunekiyo. Inqaku elibonisa ukuba nguPeter Petrovich ngelo xesha, ngu-Static: Kwisiphoso, umzobo wezobugcisa kunye nepeyinti yomculi kunye nepeyinti engacacanga ayinayo icebiso lemisebenzi.
Ngo-1912, uKnchalovsky wazama njengoncumo lwemidlalo yethiyetha kwaye wenza iimpahla kunye nendawo entle ye-Opera "Morpchant Kalashnikov" ekuqulunqweni kwe-Anton Rubinstein. Lo msebenzi ubethe phantsi kweLucabok, uPetros Petrovich waneliseka kwaye de kuphele ubomi bakhe babugqala njengowona msebenzi mhle kolu hlobo. Ngeli xesha, ukupeyinta komculi kunye ne-primuvism kuza "intshukumo", amandla angaphakathi. Oku kuyakhankanywa kwimisebenzi enjengokuthi "sisitovu" kunye "nepeyinti eyomileyo".
Xa kwaqala imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala, uPeter Petrovich waya ngaphambili, kodwa walwa ixesha elide ngo-1915 umzobi obonileyo, wathunyelwa ngasemva, unyango. Emva koko, uKonchalovsky uthatha inxaxheba ku "lo mboniso wepeyinti yemijelo yasekhohlo", kwaye ushiye "i-bubnovaya vault" ngokuguqukela kwimanyano "yehlabathi".
Emva kwenguquko, iPetra Petrovich yaqalisa ukubuyela ePetros Petrovich, nangona iipende zazikhanya njengeepeyinti. U-Konchalovsky utsalele "uvuyo lobomi", nangona wayeyazi indlela yokumdibanisa ngenyani, enika ipeyinti njengencasa ye-coyinic kunye neflace. Oku kunokubonwa ngumfanekiso we-vsevod ye-vsevod Meerver, olixesha lokubhala umfanekiso sele uphulukene nethiyetha: Iipeyinti ezikhanyayo ziyakhutshwa, kwaye ukubonakaliswa kobuso bomlawuli kuyazithetha.
Indawo ekhethekileyo ekupeyisweni kwe-konchalovsky yayihlala ihlala iphakamisile, ngakumbi ntyatyambo. Umculi wathi ubabhala ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo nabo ngalapho abaPiriyali badlala i-gamma - Lo ngumthambo onzima nowufanelekileyo.
"Intyatyambo ayikwazi ukubhala" ukuze njalo ", imivimbo elula, kufuneka ifundwe, kwaye inzulu nje yenye into."
Abameli ezininzi ocacileyo izihloko iintyatyambo ngemisebenzi Peter Petrovich na imizobo "Lilac engobozini", "Peonies efestileni" yaye "zonke iintlobo iintyatyambo".
Inqanaba elibalulekileyo lomsebenzi we-konchalovsky yayilixesha le-verion evela kumzobo we-mingail lermontov. Ngo-1927, uPeter Petrovich waya eCaucasus, kwaye uthotho lwemifanekiso olusekwe emsebenzini wembongi waba sisiphumo sohambo. Kwiminyaka engama-40, umzobi wabhala umzobo we-mikhail yurevich, ukhetha ixesha elinzima le-lermontov biography yomfanekiso. Emfanekisweni, imbongi iboniswa ngexesha lokuphumla kwisikhululo saseKazbek, ekwaye kwi-Inshoni yokuqala.
Amandla eSoviet anempembelelo kaKonchalovsky's Dreaticy-I-Artist ihlala izama ukugcina kude kube ngokunjalo kumgaqo-nkqubo, kodwa ngenxa yoko - ukungangeni kwingxabano.
UPeter Petrovich ude akwazi ukuphepha ukunqanda ukubhala umzobo kaJoseph Stalin, nangona wayenikelwa yinyani, akanakusebenzisa ifoto njengendawo. Ukuvumela le "nkokeli enkulu" yomculi, ewe, akukho mntu uya. Kwaye kwangaxeshanye, uKnchalovky wafumana ngo-1942 ngeprimiyamu ye-stalinist iminyaka emininzi ye-ART ebalaseleyo kwicandelo lobugcisa.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu babubuyiselwe ebuntwaneni bakhe: Xa wayeneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, uPeter wadibana nenkosikazi ye-Olga surikova, intombi yendodakazi yeVasily surikov. Emva koko, iminyaka eli-12 ubudala abantu abancinci abazange banxibelelane ngelixa uKonchalovky engazange athumele ileta eya kwintombazana ekuqondeni uthando. Isigqibo sokutshata amantshontsho amancinci amkelwe kwiintsuku ezintathu emva komhla wokuqala, kwaye umtshato wenzeka nge-10 kaFebruwari ngo-1902.
Ulwalamano olusemtshatweni lwalusenyangeni: UKnchalovsky wambiza umfazi wakhe ngesandla, wabuyela kuye.
Amaqabane ayenabantwana ababini - intombi kaNatalia nonyana uMikhail. Babethandwa ngobunono ngabazali bobabini, nangona babezama ukungazinzi. I-Petr Petrovich yayingaphantsi kweqabane lakho ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yezemfundo: wabeka abantwana ukuba alale, wafundisa iziseko zepeyinti, waxelela unyana wakhe nentombi yakhe.
UOlga vasinessevna uhambe kakhulu kwaye unamandla, kodwa ubudlelwane nomyeni wakhe babungakhathaleli - ngaphambi komtshato, abantu abancinci bafungayo ukuba intsapho yabo iya kuba yinto engaqhelekanga. Ke ngoko, lo mfazi wayeyazi umlinganiso kwaye akazange azame umyeni wakhe, kwaye wamlandela ngokunzulu kwaye wamjonga njengomhlobo osenyongweni nomcebisi. Ngaphandle kwemvume yenkosikazi yakhe, uPeter Petrovich akazange avume kwaye abonakalise nokuba kubuchule.
Ukufa
UPeter uTochalovsky wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-78, ngoFebruwari 2, 1956, eMoscow kwaye wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba amaNordevichy.
Ngo-2017, kwavulwa imyuziyam yomculi. Ifumaneka eMoscow kwisitalato esikhulu segadi, kwindlu ye-10 (enye, apho "igumbi elibi" livela "kwi-Master kunye neMargalovky ehlala nosapho lwakhe ukusukela ngo-1912.
Kumsitho wokuvula, abasaziwa kakhulu kunoPetros, inzala yomthendeleko: inzala ye-andrei konchalovsky kunye neNikita Mikhalkov.
Ukupeyinta
- 1910 - "Natasha esitulweni"
- 1910 - "Inkoliseko yosapho"
- Ngo-1917 - I-Strawazada
- Ngo-1922 - "ityholo"
- Ngo-1923 - "Ukuzibona" kunye nenkosikazi yakhe "
- Ngo-1926 - "Misha, hamba ibhiya"
- Ngo-1928 - "kwi-ilmen yechibi"
- Ngo-1929 - "intombazana phantsi kweambrela"
- Ngo-1929 - "uBilaklava. I-Balcony"
- Ngo-1933 - "Abafundi kwiworkshop"
- Ngo-1935 - "ndisekhona ubomi"
- Ngo-1943 - "Ukuzingca" kunye nomzukulwana "
- Ngo-1948 - "ukuphuma kwesaphetha"