Biography
UMlawuli waseSoviet - kuzo zonke iingcinga ezisesikweni, uSergeii Disnchanov uzisiwe. Ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa, ekhoyo kwixesha leSoviet, akazange abekho kugwetyiwe, wayesoloko evinjelwa, waliwe, wagxeka izibonakaliso ezimbi, ukutshutshiswa, ukutshutshiswa.
Kungenxa yoko le nto wayehlala efuna inkululeko engazange ifuneke kangangeefilimu zakhe: "Umbala we-Grenade", "isithunzi sookhokho abalityelweyo," i-Ashik-kensim "i-filmus injenge-ortist : enemibala, eyintsusa, idityaniswe njengobuntu obuhle beNkosi.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
ISergey (Sukaris) Passzhanov wazalwa nge-9 kaJanuwari, ngo-1924 kwiTsilisi. Inkwenkwe yaba lo mntwana walindelekileyo emva kweentombi zika-Ana noRuzanne kwintsapho yaseArnatia kaJoseph Parajanov noSiran Bejanova. Ukusuka kwi-Sergey ye-sergey ayizuza njengelifa ubuhle kunye nobabalo, italente yobugcisa, ukusuka kumama-ubugcisa kunye namandla, inkanuko, inkanuko.
Ubuntwana beSergey baphumeleleyo kwimozulu efana nemoyeni yemyuziyam kunye nebhentshi yexhego kwangaxeshanye. Yonke indawo ebiza i-furines, izitya ezindala, iikhaphethi, iipeyinti kunye nemifanekiso- wonke lo mlawuli uya kugcina kubomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla. Akumangalisi ke ngoko ukuba abantu bexesha labantu babeqhubana neParazhanov 'ehlala ngaphakathi ebomini. "
Ukususela ngo-1932 ukuya ku-1942, inkwenkwana yafundela isikolo saseRussia. Wayekufunda ngobubele, kodwa ezinye izifundo ziyaqonda kwaye zithandwa. Ndandinomdla kwisayensi yendalo kunye nembali, kwaye iitalente zokuzalwa zatsalwa kumculo, ukuzoba kunye noncwadi. I-Ashik-Gargib kunye ne-Demon "Mikhail Lermontov," Bakhchiusara Progeyer "Alexander Sergeyevich Puskin, wothukile ikakhulu.
Ekupheleni kwesikolo, ngo-1942, wangena kwicandelo lokwakha leZiko leeNjineli kaloliwe. Kodwa ndakhawuleza ndayiqonda loo nto ukuba ndinyule umsebenzi wam. Umfana owayetsalela umsebenzi, wawadlula kumaxwebhu kwiSebe le-Tbilisi kwisebe lezwi nakwisikolo se-Opeotograph kwindlu yeOpera. Ungene zombini kwaye wakwazi ukufunda kumaziko amabini.
Ngo-1945, emva kwemfazwe, wafudukela kwi-TbilisiSri ogcinayo eMoscow, waba ngumfundi wotitshala odumileyo uNina Dornak. Ubomi bokuyila kwemali enkulu yazisa indoda nge-cinema. Nditshitshiswe luhlobo lobugcisa, iParazhanov ishiye ilondolozwe kwaye ingene kwi-vgrik kuMlawuli. UMcebisi kaSergey waba ngumlawuli owaziwayo kunye notitshala u-Igor Savchenko, nasemva kokubulawa kweyokugqibela - uAlexander Dovzhenko.
Iifilimu kunye nobuchule bokuyila
Ngo-1951, iSergey yaphumelela imbeko evela kwi-VGIK kwaye yaya eKiev, apho sele iqalile ukusebenza kwi-studio yefilimu. Dovzhenko njengomphathi oncedisayo. Apha wenza imifanekiso yokuqala ye-milmoby yakhe: i-Moldavian Fairy Tale "(1954), idrama yentlalo" (1958), i-gury guy "(1968), i-melodrama" (1961) kunye "nentyatyambo kwilitye" (1962).
Nangona kunjalo, ayikho enye yezi zinto njengeNkosi yaneliseke ngokupheleleyo. Ibali, ubuchule bemibono kunye nemveliso yokufumana yonke inyani ayizange inike umlawuli ukuba apeyinti umfanekiso wabo wehlabathi. IParazzhanov "yahlukaniswa" emva kweefilimu no-Andrei Tarkovsky.
"Ngoku ndiyayazi indlela yokwenza imovie."Ke wancuma emva kwendawo "yobuntwana be-Ivanovi", eqondayo, ekugqibeleni, ukuba le filimu inokuthi, enyanisweni, ijike ibe lilaphu lomculi.
Ngo-1964, umlawuli wathabatha umfanekiso 'wethunzi wookhokho abalityelweyo "emsebenzini we-mikhail kotsjubinsky. Icebo lalikwimbali ye-Hutsul, imbandezelo ene-romeo kunye ne-Juliet ubudlelwane, kwifilimu inguIvan neMarichka - abameli abancinci beentsomi, bethandana. Thanda idrama ityhilwa ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ye-motograph ye-Enenograph ye-Hutnograph yeHuutsi (abahlali baseKarpat).
Intsana yobugcisa engaqhelekanga, ephindaphindwe ngumbono ongenamkhethe womlawuli, yenza ukuba kwenzeke ngaphandle kokugqithisa isikolo sefilimu. Kwaye oku kwakuqatshelwa kungekuphela nje ngeenkosi ze-rinema yelizwe, ezazibeka "izithunzi ..." kumqolo omnye "" yi-Grigoray Chukhy, "bhabha i-cranes" i-mikhail Kalatozova.
I-telegram ngamagama okuncoma kunye nokuvuyela uWaan Chinangeri, Federico Worhulumente, Akira Ngumurosava. Ifilimu ifumene amabhaso angama-28 kumazwe angama-21. Phakathi kwamabhaso abo kumnyhadala wefilimu we-Tonit eKiev, i-British AkoceMy IBhaso, iVisa kwimibhiyozo eRoma, uMar del Plata, iThelisani, njl njl.
Impumelelo ikhuthaza uMlawuli kwi-KYIV Fresco Traise, kodwa umbono wokuqala ukwala zonke izithintelo kwisakhelo kunye ne-Cologstracces-akufuneki ukuba awazi njengamagosa. Batyhola i-parajanov "kwisimo sengqondo esingaqondakaliyo" kubugcisa. Ukuqonda ukuba eUkraine akazukunikwa, iParazhanov ishiya umfanekiso ongafakwanga kunye namagqabi e-yerevan.
Apha uMlawuli usebenza kwifilimu malunga nembongi yase-Armenian yeXeiiii yeXesha le-XVII-NUV. Kumfanekiso ofanayo phambi kwamehlo ombukeli, kukho amanqanaba ama-3 emibongo-iminyaka emi-3, ulutsha kunye nokuvuthwa. Akukho zincoko zamagorha kunye nemonogue ethambileyo. Ixabiso lonke lomfanekiso lodwa kuphela kubuncwane nesazisi somfanekiso.
Isiphelo somfanekiso siye saba nzima: kuqala imveliso yayo yavunywa yi-idiototovet, kodwa emva kokuphela kwe-faratovet, xa sele idratshi lalikhanyele kwinani lohlaselo oluchasene norhulumente, ngequbuliso " I-Tape "ukugqobhoza i-poit yomfanekiso wembongi kunye nokubonakaliswa kakhulu kwemfihlakalo." Wabuya ehlaziywe, engasedrameli weParazidyanov. Ngenxa yoko, ifilimu yaya kwirenti ye-readution edition kwaye phantsi kwegama elahlukileyo - "umbala we-grenade". Kodwa isaqwalaselwa enye yeesampuli ezikhanyayo zomsebenzi weNkosi.
Emva kwebali elivela kwi "Sayt-New", uMlawuli wabuyela eKiev ngo-1969, apho, ngenxa yokuvalwa komsebenzi (kwi-Devid "," iKar ", njl. Njl.) , kodwa kungekudala ungene kwi-opal enzulu emva kokugxekwa esidlangalaleni kubunkokeli beqela lobunkokeli beqela kwaye bagwetyiwe ngo-1971.
Iziphumo azizange zicothe ukuze zichaphazele: ngo-1972, imizobo yokupeyinta kwakhe "i-Interbraz" yamiswa, unyaka kamva, kwaye wamangalelwa ukuba unetyala. Kubomi bomphathi apho bekukho imihla emi-2, emva koko isimo sengqondo somsebenzi wakhe sihlaziywe, kwaye le minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo yobomi bakhe uSergei Ioimovich ingasebenza ngaphandle kokuvalwa kwendalo.
Ngo-1983, umlawuli waqala ukusebenza kwitheyiphu "legend yenqaba yenqaba". Ifilimu-le bhanyabhanya malunga namandla ehashe amahashe, i-faashid kunye noDavid ashishidze, ifumene i-kinadrad ezininzi. Ibhengeziwe ngo-1985, uhlengahlengiso lwanika i-Intelliigigia eyinkululeko engakumbi inkundla kunabahlobo bakaParajanov esetyenziselwa ukuwubonisa umboniso wakhe wokupeyinta, e-Yerevan.
Emva kokupeyinta "I-aringsque kwisihloko sePirossoi", uMlawuli uthatha ifilimu "i-Ashik-Kerib" kwigama le-lermoniv. Le mephu inikezelwe kwimemori ye-Andrei Tarkovsky ifumene ibhaso kwi-rotterdam kunye nemibhiyozo yefilimu yaseStanbulian, yaboniswa kuMthendeleko eVenice. Inkosi ityelele izixeko ezininzi zaseMelika naseYurophu, zadibana noMarchello Mastroanni, yves lairent kunye namanye abantu ababengapheliyo. Uninzi lwabo batyelela indlu yakhe enobubele ngesifobisi.
Ngo-1989, iParazhanov yaqala ukudubula ifilimu ye-Autobiographical "I-Associotions", engazange igqitywe ngokunxulumene noMlawuli oswelekayo.
Inkundla kunye nesiphelo
Nokuba ulutsha lweParadizhanov, wenza ukuxhasa i-Intelligiassia yenkqubela phambili. Ngo-1965 waxhaswa ngurhulumente wamashumi amathandathu, ukuba ungakhululwa phesheya. Ngo-1968, kwachaza ukubalwa kwefilimu "i-Andrei Roblev", yasayina ileta yoqhankqalazo 139 ngokuchasene nezilingo zezopolitiko eUkraine.
ELizwini, uMlawuli we-Oparen kudala "kwi-Hook" yeKGB, ngo-1973, emva kwenye intetho yaseKramol, iParajanov yayikwi-odolo yabantu nemibutho yasePritone. " Ngokwezinto zokuzibonela, eli tyala alizange linganqwenelwanga ngesiseko sesigwebo esingaziwayo. Kungekudala iNgqina lokuqala lavela, elityhola iParajanov ngokudlwengulwa.
Umlawuli ngokwakhe akazange agale ubuntu bakhe enkundleni, kodwa inyani yobundlobongela ayizange iqinisekise. Ngenxa yoko, iNkundla yeNgingqi yaseKiev igwetywe iSergey Jogey jofovich ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5 entolongweni. Iminyaka yokuvalelwa entolongweni eParazi yeParazi yeParalzhanov iphinde iluvavanyo olubi apho yonke into ibiyintoni na: kwaye ithethwe, kwaye ihlambe, kunye nokuzama ukuzibulala.
Ugcinelwe enye-ubuchule. Umculi ufumene indlela yokuzibonakalisa nakwesi seli yentsimbi ebandayo: I-GradZhanov Master "kwiingqekembe zeKefir" kwi-Kefir CAPS, ipeyintiwe, ithwele ibrown. NgoMatshi 8, umhlobo wakhe, umhlolokazi o ka-Vladimir Maykovsky u-Bick, Paraqueet "owenze" i-boequet "evela kwi-wire kunye neentsalela zeesokisi.
I-Lily Yurevna yasungula iphulo elibanzi lokukhulula i-Parajanov, awayexhaswe ngabantu osebenza nabo kwihlabathi liphela - i-Borti, iBortollucki, i-rassellucciary sburt karhulumente waseSoviet. Kodwa yahlala ingaphendulwanga.
IParazhanov iphume, emva kweminyaka emi-4. Kukholelwa ukuba ungenelelo lwakhe lombhali waseFrance uLouis Aragon wasindiswa, owayebuza ukuba u-L. I. BRZHNEV yokukhulula umphathi-mfazi, ukuba athumele isicelo somfazi wakhe uElz Tyule, udadewabo uLily Bily Bric.
Ukuphuma kwisiphelo ngo-1977, uSergei ioiovich uzinze kwiTsilisi, waya eMoscow, eGrevan, oko kwathintelwa kuye. Kodwa wayesaya kwikomkhulu ekusebenzeni kukaYuri Libimov "Vladimir Vysotsky" ngo-Okthobha 1981, apho kwakhona, ngaphandle kokugxeka kurhulumente.
Ishishini elitsha, elihlanganiswe yiParajanov, lasekwa kwinyani yokunyotywa ngomntu ongumsebenzi. NgoFebruwari 1982, uMarta waphinda wabekwa kwindawo yaseGeorgia. Ngeli xesha, ukubanjwa kwabangela ukuhlangana okukhulu, kwaye emva kwephulo elibanzi lokukhulula umphathi, wakhululwa emva kweenyanga ezili-9. Inani lemithombo lithi ngaphambi kokuba i-E. A. Shevarnadze yayalela i-poetess bella ahmadulin.
Ubomi Buqu
Okokuqala ngqa, iParazhanov yatshata eVgika, ngo-1951, kuthando olukhulu. Umlawuli womlawuli waba yintombazana eyiTetar Nigar rod evela kwiMoldova. Kodwa eli bali liphelele ngobuchule: izihlobo nigar, beva ukuba utshata ngokuchasene neyabo, ifunwa ukuba ihlawule inkululeko. I-parazzhanov yayithemba ukuba utata wakhe uya kunceda, unika imali. Kodwa wala, kuba unyana akazange aqhubeke neshishini losapho. Ndala ukuphosa indoda ndiye endlwini kaBawo, kubantakwabo nigar baqhubeka phantsi koololiwe.
Umoyike iParazzhanov kuphela ngo-1955 wagqiba kwelokuba. Umfazi kaSerbii Josevich josefovich waba yintombi eneminyaka eli-17 kaDiplomat Svetlana Svetherbatyuk. Ngo-1958, ingoma yengoma yazalelwa kumaqabane, emva koko kwangena kwiZiko loYilo. Ukuphila 'nobuthathaka obunetalente,' njengabahlobo abaninzi ababizwa ngokuba yiParajanov, yayinzima kakhulu. I-Svetlana ayikwazanga kwaye ngo-1961, amaqabane amaqabane aqhawule umtshato, kodwa bonke ubomi babo baxhasa ubudlelwane obulungileyo.
Kwakukho amarhe omzimba obuninzi malunga nobomi boMlawuli weShuffting. Kwaye bonke, bayazi ukuba ngubani umxhasi omkhulu, unokuba yinyani kwaye ubuxoki.
Ukufa
Ngo-1989, iSergey Parajanov yafumana umhlaza wemiphunga. Ukusebenza eMoscow akuphumelelanga, i-metastasis yabuya. NgoMeyi, i-sergey ioifovich ihambe eParis kunyango, kodwa yayisele ihambile.
Wasweleka ngomhla wokufika eYerevan - Julayi 20, 1990. Umama wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba aseYerevan - i-komitas pantheon pantheon.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1954 - "andries"
- Ngo-1958 - "ndoda yokuqala"
- Ngo-1961 - "I-I Ukraine Rosephedy"
- Ngo-1962 - "Intyatyambo Kwilitye"
- Ngo-1964 - "Izithunzi zookhokho abalityelweyo"
- Ngo-1968 - "Umbala weGrenade"
- Ngo-1984 - "Intsomi yenqaba ye-surarmal"
- Ngo-1988 - "I-Ashik-kerik"