Imbali yomlinganiswa
Ibali likaThemba uDe Balzac "Gobsek" linomtsalane kwintsingiselo enzulu kunye nenani lokuziphatha kweyelenqe. Lo msebenzi unxulunyaniswa notata we-Noelzaka "gorio", kwaye amanye amagorha avutha abanye ababhali bombhali waseFransi, umzekelo, kwinoveli "yomntu".Imbali yendalo
Ukusebenza kumsebenzi woncwadi, iBalzac yenze inkcazo yamagorha, aphakamise inkxalabo yakhe kwaye wandise izinto ezimbi. Ukubawa, amampunge, uhanahaniso bahlala boyisa umbhali. Ukongeza kwingcinga ephambili yebali, uBalzac wacinga ngendlela yokunika umsebenzi wobugcisa. Wazama ukugcina ukuqiniseka kweempawu, ukwenza ukuba abalinganiswa bahlangane nomsebenzi ababhinqileyo, bathanda uMbhali wanamhlanje.
Owona mhla wokubhaliweyo uphikiswa ngababhali-mbali. Emva kokusweleka kombhali, bekukho abahleli abathathu bomsebenzi awawenzayo kangangeminyaka eli-18. Isiseko sebali yayilibali elifutshane "Roshchiiby", ebhalwe nguBalzac uku-odola imagazini "modnik". Usebenze njengesiseko sesahluko sokuqala somsebenzi obizwa ngokuba "yingozi ye-blowjobs". Ngo-1832 watshintshelwa kwiRussia, kwaye sele eneminyaka yo-1835 uluntu lwazamkela ingxelo ehlaziyiweyo yebali. Igama latshintshwa laba yiPadas Gobsek, inxulumene nabafundi ngegama "uTata Grio".
Igama langoku lebalzac lanika ibali ngo-1848, xa impembelelo ibuyele kumhleli. Ususa isibongozo esithambileyo sePapasha, esenza isigqibo sokwazisa umfundi kunye nesidanga esikrwada kunye nesigaba samandulo kwi-biography engaqhelekanga.
Kuzo zombini iinketho, ibali leBalzac latyunyuzwa ngamaxhoba emali kunye nezithembiso, kunye nabo babenamandla phezu kweendleko. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-balzak, i-aristocrats kunye necandelo elilula labemi liyachasa; Abo baqhele ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuphumla, kwaye abo banokuchitha igolide, impilo evuthayo.
Ababhali-mbali ababhali-mbali bathi iGobsek isekwe kwiminyhadala yokwenene, iNgqina lalo yayingumbhali. Ibali libizwa ngokuba yi-Autobiographical, ukubona ukufana nobomi bobuqu be-balzak. Umbhali uxoxa ngentsingiselo yemali kwimisebenzi yakhe, egxeka amandla abo onke esebenzisa. Imifanekiso ebalulekileyo, ephethe imifanekiso yendoda nebhinqileyo, ukungqubana okungalindelekanga, isidanga esiphezulu sokusibulala nabani na oqhelene nomsebenzi weBalzak ngokubanzi kunye nebali ".
Biography
Onke amagorha achazwa ngokweenkcukacha ngumbhali kwaye abe neempawu ezineenkcukacha. Ukubonakala kweGobsek kuthetha kakhulu malunga nomlinganiswa. Indoda endala enomhlaba otyheli womlomo ojikelezileyo kunye nezinto ezingathandekiyo azibangeli uvelwano. Ubuzwe beqhawe bufihlile. Ixesha elidlulileyo ligutyungelwe ngekhethini lemfihlo, kodwa kucacile ukuba ubomi be-roster babe sisityebi kwaye sahlukile. I-Gobsek ivuma ukuba umntu wenza ubunzima obuqinileyo nosizi, bayanda nokutyiselwa.
Uhlalutyo lwegorha lucebisa ukuba wayeyipirati ebusheni bakhe. Ukulinganiswa kunye ne-egosm yanceda ekusasazeni imeko ethile ukuba isebenzise, inika imali kwipesenti ephezulu. Ukungafikeleleki kunye nobunzima bendoda endala ebizwa ngokuba yi "Golden Istukan". I-Gobsek yayikwimfuno yendalo esingqongileyo. Emva kokwahlukana nemimandla ye- "Eenkonzo" phakathi kweKeends zasendle, waqala ukusebenza nee-Aristocrats kunye nabameli be-cream yoluntu. Kwangelo xesha, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba injani imeko, wayehlala exakekile kwizigqibo.
I-Gobsek yinto yokubawa. Imifanekiso edityanisiweyo yothando kunye nezithethe ezinokwenyani. Ukubonakala komntu okuthetha ubudala obudala, amava omudnia kunye nobulumko bemihla ngemihla, kwaye izenzo zenza ukuba imoto engenamphefumlo ifumane imali. Okukhona imeko ye-roshovshchik, umntu ophantsi wahlala kuwo. Owona msebenzi mhle kwintsimi yakhe, ibonisa inqanaba eliphezulu lomsebenzi ngezemali, ukubona kwangaphambili nokugxothwa.
I-deftist ipholile ijika i-scams, ishiye i-ceplomat. Abarhwebi kunye nabathengisi abanamava, i-HER inika ingcebiso, ukuzisa uluntu, kodwa ayinamsebenzi ekungasebenziyo. Umlinganiswa utsala inyani kunye nentanda-bulumko. Zonke iimpikiswano ezenza ukuba zixhaswe ngamava obubomi bakhe bangaphambili.
UGobsek wayenguGunga-Corsary ebutsheni bakhe, ethengisa amatye axabisekileyo namakhoboka, ayekwinkonzo kaRhulumente. Bashukumisela indalo yokuzikhusela, eyavumela iqhawe ukuba lisinde kwiimeko ezinzima apho wahlangana khona umsebenzi.
Ubungakanani bobomi be-roshovist bubethile. Ubomi bakhe babubanjelwa kukuqokelelwa, okungazange kuvuye okanye ukonwaba, akukho nzuzo. Ukusondela ekufeni kwendalo kuthathe ukutya okuziinkozo, ke ilifa likaGobsek liya kumka umzukulwana wakhe wodade wabo.
Iyelenqe
Intshukumo ivela kwincoko yaseDervil, i-Ernest de Reto i-vikotes kunye neVikontessee de grand kwi-salon yakhe. Intombi yomntu womntu ophakamileyo ibonisa ulungiselelo olucacileyo lokubalwa, loo nto yabekwa ngunina. U-Ernest, ongenayo imeko kunye nemeko, wayeyinto engenakulindelekile kwintombazana yakhe. Ndiyayiva le ncoko, i-dervil ikhokelela njengomzekelo, imbali yeGobsek, abona umfundi abonayo emlonyeni wakhe, njengabambandela.
Ukuthandana dervilles kunye ne-roshovshchik kuhlala kudala. Ngeli xesha, uGobsek wangena kwigqwetha ukuba athembele kwaye axelele ibali lendlela ebiyifumene ngayo ityala elinomtsalane kunye nesikhundla esinzima. Eli bhinqa lanyanzelwa ukuba libeke iidayimani, kwaye imali ngalo i-bill yaya kwisithandwa sakhe. Icebo leRustale kwinto aza kuphula intsapho yomthetho, engazange iviwe, kodwa yathi khawuleza.
Emva kwexesha, ukuze sincede i-Drivil, intanda yoluntu eMaxim de dadi, ababefuna uncedo lwendawo yokuhlala. I-Gobsek yala ukubonelela ngeenkonzo, ukwazi amatyala amahle. Ngaphambili, umkhawulelo waphinda waqalisa ukuba uza kuGobsek, ebeka ubucwebe. Uyenzile ngenxa yetray yetreyi, wayenekomiti esoyikisayo kuye. Malunga nentengiselwano eyamkelayo iqabane lomnxibelelanisi, efihla ngokungagungqiyo. Lo mntu ungu-Ernest de Reto, owayethandwa yintombi yeVikontesses.
Emva kwexesha elithile, ukubala kuyagula kakhulu, kwaye iBhunga emva kokuba ibhubhe itshise iTestamente, ngaloo ndlela inika ipropathi yosapho eGobsek.
I-dervil yayingumlingane kumbuzo wokubuya kwezamente yelifa de Reto, kodwa irostovist ayizange ihambele mvume. I-rostovist yafa kwiimeko ezimbi, ukuba yinkxwaleko yokungaziphathi kakuhle nokubawa. Urhulumente wabuyiselwa kumniniyo. Umtshato wentombi vikontessee walungelelaniswa ngaphandle kwemizamo ye-dervil.
Ukukhusela
Imisebenzi yoncwadi yecandeli yaba yinto yokuqala esetyenziselwa ukubonwa kwi-cinema. I-Balzacéilimier ayizange inikezele. Ifilimu yokuqala kwibali "Gobsek" ihambe kwizikrini ngo-1936. Wasuswa nguMlawuli waseSoviet Konstantin eqanda iqanda. Indima yophawu oluphambili lwenziwa ngumdlali we-leonid leonidov. UAlexander Shatov wavela eDerville. Kumdla wokuba nguMlawuli ngokwakhe wavela kumfanekiso weBabalo De Reto.
Ngo-1987, umphathi we-Alexander Orlov wenza ingqalelo yoluntu lwakhe lwebali. Ifilimu ilungiselelwe i-USSR, kwi-Moldova Studio. I-Gobsek eKinocrine idlale i-vladimir tatos. Indima yeDerville yaya eSergey Bekhterev. Iteyiphu yaba yenye yokuqala kwi-filmography ka-Alla Budnitskaya, ihlaziywe kwisakhelo kwi-Tetos de reto. I-CUATE YABALASELULA, idlale uMlawuli we-Konstantin bogomolov, ngelixa useyinkwenkwe ngelo xesha.