Biography
UJames Gropins (James Tchaikovski) - Umbhali wezinto ezithandekayo, umbhali opapasha usebenza kwizihlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-puagudulm clemens. Iinoveli ze-adventure kunye nee-rolins zithengiswa kwihlabathi liphela.
Igama langoku lombhali-uYakobi Paul Chaikovski. Inkwenkwe yazalelwa eChicago ngo-1961. Kwintsapho enkulu, bangaphezu kwe-6 abantwana bakhuliswa. UJames wayenoodade abathathu kunye nabathathu. Ubuntwana Umbhali wexesha elizayo ochithe phezu kweMidungs, ekhethwe kwiholide yehlobo kwiphondo laseKhanada. Mhlawumbi imeko ejikelezileyo kwaye yaphembelela isigqibo senkwenkwe sokuba ngugqirha wezilwanyana.
Njengomntwana, i-tchaikovsky yayikuthanda ukufunda. Ababhali bakhe abathandayo yayingu-Hobert Wells kunye neJerbert verne, kunye namagorha - iTarzan kunye ne-Archaeology Howd Bearter. Ngelo xesha, uYakobi wayengacingi ukuba i-biography yakhe iya kudityaniswa nobuchule boncwadi. Uphumelele kwiYunivesithi yaseMissouri kwaye ngo-1985 waba ngumnini wesidanga sobugqirha kwicandelo leyeza lezamayeza.
Emva koko wafudukela kwiCalifornia efudumeleyo apho, apho kuhlala eSacramento, evula iklinikhi yakhe yezilwanyana. Kwiminyaka eli-10, i-tchaikovsky yakhokelela kwiziko, ukuyijonga ishishini eliphambili lobomi.
Ngaphandle kokuqonda komsebenzi, uJames akazange ayeke ukwenza uncwadi. Kwisihombo, waqalisa amabali awoyikekayo namangaqondakali awakufundayo abazalwana noodade, waqala ukubhala "etafileni". Ityala elitshintshile ubomi bombhali liqhelene nentsomi ye-terry brooks, eqhutywa ngo-1996. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu, uYakobi waqalisa ukubhekisa ngokunzulu kwimfuno yokoqobo, nangona luphi uvavanyo lokuqala kudliwano-ndlebe lwabo lubiza okoyikekayo.
Iincwadi
Ukusebenzela iiyure ezingama-60 ukuya kwele-70 ngeveki, ukuthatha izigulana kunye nokuqhuba uvavanyo kunye nonyango, uJames akwazi ukuqhelanisa noncwadi. Kwakunzima ukudibanisa izinto zokuzonwabisa ngomsebenzi ophambili, kwaye i-tchaikovsky izinikele ngokupheleleyo, egxile ekudaleni amabali kunye neenoveli.
Umbhali wapapasha imveliso yokuqala phantsi kwePseundenym James Groll. Baba ngumqolomba "weNoveli", wakhululwa ngo-1998. Iminyaka emi-3 yesincoko ilindelekileyo iimpapasho kwaye yaba ngamava okuqala apheleleyo kuhlobo lwe-fantavey. Ukukhangela kwindlu yokupapasha i-tchaikovski kwafumana ukwala iiarhente zoncwadi eziyi-49.
Ngelixa abapapashi baqhelene nendalo yombhali, wagqiba kwelokuba azame amandla kolunye uhlobo. Ngo-1998, uluntu lwahlangatyezwa ngokufudumeleyo incwadi ethi "Umthakathi Womlilo", owavula umjikelo weenoveli "wagxothwa". Iimpapasho zakhe zanegalelo kumntu oqhelene naye, uqinile nge-terry brooks. Umsebenzi wapapashwa ebusweni bukaJames Clemens. Ukusukela kule nqaku, incwadi yobume obumnandi baseTchaikovsky yaqala ukupapasha phantsi kwale puseudusm. Ke ukukhanya kwabona iinoveli: "Uqhwithela", "Imfazwe", "Inkqutyana" kunye nabanye.
Ukuphucula ubuchule, umbhali ubuza yena kuhlobo lwe-adventure. Ngo-2000, inoveli "ikhutshiwe iphiramidi". Emva koko kulandele "i-gooot ngobunzulu", "I-Amazonia", ebizwa ngokuba "yi-Sigma Toustring", iinoveli "zesanti", " Ukusukela ngo-2005, umbhali waqala ukukhutshwa komjikelo ongummangaliso onomthwalo ongumfanekiso onesifo ".
Ngo-2007, xa i-Tchaikovski sele ifumene ukwamkelwa, wacela ukuba abhale incwadi malunga ne-Indiana Jones esekwe kwifilimu "I-Indiana Jones nobukumkani bekristali".
Abagxeki bayayijonga i-Dynamics yesenzo kwiincwadi ze-adventure. Ziqulathe ukungqubana okungafunekiyo kunye neepesenti, ukuntywiliselwa kwizibakala zembali. Amanqaku angaqhelekanga entshukumo kwiinoveli avela enkosi kumava ombhali. UJames wahamba kakhulu eYurophu naseMelika, eNew Zealand, eTshayina, e-Afrika naseOstreliya, nakumanye amazwe.
Umbhali udibanise nohambo olwazana nabalandeli bomsebenzi wakhe. I-Tchaikovsky ihlala ichitha incoko kunye neesemina, zonwabiseni ngovuyo abameli boondaba. UJames uba lundwendwe lweenkomfa ezahlukeneyo. Ubugcisa bakhe be-oratoris buye banceda bazame njenge-copeache. Umbhali unezakhono zokubhala iingxelo kwiintetho zikawonke-wonke.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukukhuthaza uJames Gropins uze nezinto zokuzonwabisa kunye nezinto zokuzonwabisa. Ubandakanyekile kwi-diving kwaye unomdla kwi-reelogy. Ulwazi olufunyenwe ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwabekho njengesiseko sokudalwa kweenoveli zombhali. Njengomntu oqinisekisiweyo oqinisekisiweyo, uYakobi uchaza ngokuchanekileyo umoya wehlabathi eliphantsi kwamanzi kwimisebenzi.
Ngoku uJames Grolins uphakathi kwababhali beencwadi zabo ezipapashiweyo ngokujikeleza okukhulu. Iphephandaba "I-New York Times" yamnika indawo yokuqala phakathi kwababhali banamhlanje benza imisebenzi yokuthengisa.
Ubomi bobuqu bombhali bahlala phantsi kwekhuselo lemfihlakalo. Imithombo yeendaba ayifihli ulwazi malunga nenkosikazi yakhe. Intombazana ekuphela kwayo, ifoto apho umbhali apapashwe kwiakhawunti yobuqu kwi "Instagram" yayingumhleli wakhe.
UJames Grolins usondeza imisebenzi yezentlalo esebenzayo. Ungumntu osisiseko selizwe elixhasa abasebenzi bezomkhosi kunye neentsapho zabo. Umbutho unceda ekufuneni umsebenzi kwaye uzuze uzinzo lwezezimali.
UJames Groll ngoku
UJames kudala eshiye inyathelo rhoqo kwicandelo leyeza lezilwanyana kwaye wathengisa iklinikhi, awayevulele eSacramento, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umdoko wangaphambili ucebisa. Yahlulahlulwe ngezakhono kwicandelo leyeza lezilwanyana kunye neengcali ze-SPCA. Ulwazi lombhali kwezonyango, ngalo, yenza imisebenzi ngobuchule.
Ngoku i-rollins incinci kwaye incinci ixesha lokunceda izilwanyana, kuba i-bibliografini yombhali ikhula ngokungakhathali. UJames ukhulula inoveli ye-1-2 ngonyaka, ojonga ukubaleka kwentshukumo kwimijikelezo nakwimisebenzi yokushicilela ezimeleyo. I-fantasy kunye nabagcwele bephuma phantsi kwepeni yentsomi enye.
UJames Groll uneziza ezimbini ezinikezelwe emsebenzini wakhe phantsi kwe-pseundenym eyahlukileyo. Ngo-2018, isithsaba "samaRoma" saziswa idemon "saziswa, i-abstrat epapashiweyo kwi-rollins. Kukho izibhengezo zeencwadi ezicwangciselwe ukupapashwa ngo-2019 kwixa elizayo.
Ngexesha lakhe elikhululekileyo, uJames uqhubeka enomdla kwisayensi.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1999 - "COVI"
- Ngo-2000 - "iphiramidi"
- Ngo-2001 - "Cupid"
- Ngo-2002 - "iAmazonia"
- 2003 - "I-Iceberg"
- Ngo-2008 - "Indiana Jones nobukumkani beCrystal Skill"
- Ngo-2009 - "isibingelelo seen"
- Ngo-2013 - "Amehlo kaThixo"
- Ngo-2014 - "Ukukhupha amathandathu"
- Ngo-2015 - "Bone Labyrintyerth"
- Ngo-2016 - "UKUNIKELA KWESIQHEKO"
- 2018 - "Isithsaba sedemon"