Biography
Umhlaba weRiphabhlikhi yeChechen waya kumomomonce wangokuvakalisa uMongameli wase-Aslan Maskidov. Ibali lithi iingxaki eziye zaya kwisabelo sabantu e-cheche, hayi ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba kwalo mgaqo-nkqubo. Uninzi lweentlungu zeMaskhadov kwi-Dumil Babaayev ibangele ukuba ibandakanyeka kwi-Dubrovka yonkqonkqozo ye-DUBDOVVORK, i-Belan. Nangona kunjalo, igosa laseburhulumenteni lalingamkelwa njengogrogrisi.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Allan Aliyevich Maskidov yazalwa ngoSeptemba 21, 1951 kwilali yaseShokai yeRiphabhlikhi yaseKazakh Soviet, kwintsapho yabantu abagxothiweyo. Ukongeza kwi-Aslan, abazali bazisa abantwana aba-5 - oonyana baka-Ice, uAslamsi noLema, intombi yase-bucha kunye neZshovuzwa.
Ngo-1957, emva kokubuyiselwa kwe-Cheche-I-Assan-I-Askhadov, iMaskhadov ibuyele kumhlaba wokuzalwa kwaye ihleli kwilali yaseZubhalir-yurn yendawo yeNadtera. Apha ngo-1968 uAslan wafumana iDiploma yemfundo yesibini.
I-Aslan Maskidov wayefuna ukuba emkhosini ukuze ancede uTatand ahlangabezana nonkxwaleko zangaphandle. Ngale ngo-1969, umfana wangena kwiSikolo seQela laseTsilisisricisis, ngo-1972, emva kokufumana iDiploma, waya kukhonza kwiSithili saseMpuma eseMpuma. Kwiminyaka emi-6, inkonzo ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwileli yomsebenzi, ufikelele kwiSekela yeCandelo le-Artillery.
Umyalelo owafunyanwa emkhosini "kwinkonzo yasebusweni belizwe le-USSR" yanceda i-Aslan ngo-1978 ukuze ingene kwi-Lengeravmy ye-Artilley ye-Artillery Artillery Artillery Associalmmy ye-Artillery Artillery Artillery Associalmmy ye-Artillery Artillery Associalmmy engaphandle kolu khuphiswano. Kudliwanondlebe nephepha-ndaba "I-Komsomolkaya Pravda", i-Maskhadom efundisayo iyichaza ngolu hlobo:
"Ukufika kubaphathi khazingabalanga. Kwakungekho mkhosi wamaSilamu, i-quran ayizange ifunde. Wayekuthanda ukusela. "Waphumelela e-Aslan Academy ngembeko. Iinkumbulo zoogxa bakhe kunye nabantu ofunda nabo malunga neMaskhadov benza le ncwadi "imbeko engaphezulu kobomi." Ukuqokelelwa, ukongeza kumanqaku kunye neeleta, kubandakanya iifoto ezivela kusapho nakwabalo kwezomkhosi.
Inkonzo yasemkhosini kunye nemisebenzi kaRhulumente
Nokuba ulutsha lweMaskhadov luye lwafuna ubunkokeli. I-Artillery I-Artillery, eyayingaphantsi komyalelo wakhe eHungary, yakhutshwa rhoqo isibhengensi ebomvu yeBhunga leMikhosi yezazela. Izakhono zeqhinga kunye ne-DRAAT ivunyelwe ngo-1992 ukuya kufikelela colonel.
Ngokuwa kwe-USSR, imeko phakathi kweeriphabliki zakuba zinobuhlobo. Izizwe ezifundiweyo zaphinda zaza zaza zasilela ukwahlukana neRussia, zazisilwa kuloo mmandla. Iimfazwe ze-chechen zaba zenye yeengxabano ezinkulu.
Ngo-1992, uJohar Dudaev, ongumongameli wokuqala we-Chechen Chechen Ich'icker (CRI), iMaskidov enyuliweyo yintloko ye-Chencma yoluntu. Kwimfazwe yokuqala ye-chechen yowe-1994-1996, iMaskidov yangena kwintloko yentloko yekomkhulu loomkhosi oxhobileyo. Yayiyimiyalelo yakhe yokuba abantu abangamaMikhosi babethobela, bangena kwiimfazwe kunye nemikhosi yaseRussia, bekukho imikhosi yaseGrozny ngo-1996 kwizicwangciso zayo.
Ngo-1995, iofisi yomtshutshisi yeRussian Federation yatyhola imaskhadov ekuphathwa gadalala kwindawo esemthethweni, ekucingisiseni ilizwe kunye nebhendi, eyayisohlwaywa sisigwebo sentambo. Inkokeli yasemkhosini yabhengezwa ifuna.
Ngaphandle kwesongelo sokuvalelwa okanye ukubulawa, ngoNovemba 1996 Maskhadov sabhengeza injongo yokubaleka kwiRiphabhlikhi yeRiphabhlikhi. Imbangi yakhe kurhulumente wakhe yayiyishamil ye-shamil ye-shamil ye-shamil. NgoJanuwari 1997, ngabaninzi bevoti (59.3%) yeMaskhadov yayiyintloko yeCri. Kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, uShamil Babayev wamiselwa inkulumbuso.
EMaskhadov, imeko yopolitiko yangaphakathi eChechmi yawohloka kakhulu. Abantu babehlala kwizixeko ezitshabalalisiweyo kunye neelali, ngaphandle kotywina, umbane kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi. Kwakungekho nyanonongo kwezonyango. Ngenxa yeemveliso ezisemgangathweni ezimzantsi kunye nee-anticanitar, iRiphabhlikhi yayifuduswa kwizifo. Indlala yachuma. Kwabahlobo abakhulisa, izikolo neeyunivesithi, iifestile kunye neengcango zazincinci. Abo baye bathetha ukuqhubela phambili, basaba eChechnya.
Umda ogxekayo ufikelele kwiqondo lolwaphulo-mthetho kwiRiphabhlikhi. Abantu baphanga imihla ngemihla, iingquzulwano zidubane, imililo ihambile. Iziyobisi zathengiswa ngokuhlelelekileyo, amatyala amahle ayephindwa, i-Islam ye-Islam yayikhuthazwe ngenyameko.
I-Chechen Mirtitants yenze uhlaselo oluxhobileyo kwimimandla yaseRussian yaseRussia, yatsala imimandla yamaSilamu amakhulu kwizikhundla zazo. Kwiiriphabliki zaseNyakatho Caucasus, umzekelo, iDagstan, i-Kabhay-Cherkesia, iKabardino-Balkaria yayiyindlela yokusebenza yezahlulo zeparatism kunye ne-anti-semiti.
Ngamanye amagama, umgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi weMaskhadov wabhekiswa kwityala le-Chechen, intiyo kwintiyo nxamnye nabasekelesi. Ke, kwi-caucasusus godel itshaneli, i-Slogan yasasazwa:
Asilingani. Sonke siqikelela.Bambelela, iRussia-Siyahamba! ".
Ngo-1998, imeko yayingaphandle kolawulo lweMaskhadov: Amajoni aphikisayo avele kwi-chi. Amaqela amakhulu ayenziwa yi-Salman Raduyev, omnye wabameli abadumileyo baseChechen Oovizo, kunye namahlathi akhe onxibelelanisa uShamil Batyav noAmir I-Al-Hattab.
Ukuze ufumane uncedo kumlo wokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho waseMakshadov babhenela eRussia. URhulumente wangenelele xa ngo-Agashewari ka-1999 Babayev kunye noHatabhi bahlasela umhlaba weDagdan. ICandelo loMphathiswa Wemicimbi Yangaphakathi yeRussian Federation ithumele ileta ileta ileta kwiRiphabhlikhi yeChechen ngesindululo sokuphuhlisa indlela edityanisiweyo yokupheliswa kwemikhosi, kodwa wahlala ecaleni kwengxabano.
Xa iRiphabhliki exhonywe kwiRiphabhlikhi iphulo lesibini lomkhosi, iMaskhadov esenza zonke iindlela ezikhoyo. Wayefuna inkxaso evela kwiinkokeli ze-Ingushetia naseMntla yeOssetia, etyhola iRussia ekukhuliseni imeko ye-chechnya kwaye kwangaxeshanye wachaza injongo yokuba yi-caucasus yaseNyakatho ye-North Caucasus "kuRhulumente.
I-Aslan yacela intlanganiso yakho nge-Russia Prime Prime vladimir Spin, nangona wayegqiba kwelokuba ahlukane nokusebenza ukuze aphelise imikhosi. Imikhosi yaseburhulumenteni yangena kwintsimi yeChechnya nge-30 ka-1999. UMongameli weRiphabhlikhi, ngaphambi koko, efuna uncedo kumlo olwahlukileyo kwabanqolobi, emanyanine kunye ne-basitant banayev kunye noHatabhi kwi-Russia.
Kwicala leMaskhadov, abantu baseSaudi Arabia, Pakistan, iTurkey no-Al-Qaida balwa. Imisebenzi yasemkhosini i-Aslan Maskdov yakhokelela ngokobuqu. Ngo-Oktobha 23, 2002, abangama-916 abantu babanjwa kwiziko lethiyetha laseMoscow. Ngenxa yokufakwa entolongweni yeentsuku ezintathu kunye nokusebenza kwenkululeko, abantu abayi-130 bafa. Uxanduva lwento eyenzekileyo nguShamil Babayev.
Omnye wemikhosi othathe inxaxheba ekubambeni kwembambano wathi maskhadov babeka isandla sakhe kulungiselelo lokuhlaselwa kwabanqolobi. UMongameli weRiphabhlikhi yeCheken ngokwakhe wayiphika ukubandakanyeka kwaye isoyike ngokuhambisa iBayev njengesohlwayo, kodwa khange athathe amanyathelo apheleleyo.
NgoSeptemba 1, 2004, bekukho uhlaselo olukhulu olukhulu kwimbali yaseRussia yanamhlanje: 1128 abantu, ubukhulu becala abafundi besikolo №1 I-Belan, yayiyintshaba. Bangama-314 abantu, kubandakanya abantwana abayi-186 basweleka kule ntlekele. Uxanduva lwe-shamil banayev. NgoSeptemba 17 kwaloo nyaka, iRussia yatsho ukuba inobungqina bokuzibandakanya kwi-Aslan Maskidov's. Ngo-2006, uMntla uOssetia wambiza ukuba abe ngomnye wabathengi bohlaselo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngokungafaniyo nomsebenzi wezopolitiko, ubomi bobuqu yase-Aslan Maskidov ayiphindi. Ngo-1972 watshata uKusama Yazdovna Semieva. Emva kweminyaka esi-7, bazalwa bengamazibulo, unyana uAtzor, ngo-1981, intombi kaFayina.
Kucingelwa ukuba ngonyaka ka-2002, uAslan wangena kumtshato wesibini onomtshato wesibini welali kaIsha-yur, kodwa akukho ngcaciso inokuthenjwa ngayo.
Ukufa
Emva kohlaselo lwabanqolobi e-Bellan, i-FSB ye-Russian Federation yonyule umvuzo wama-300 ezigidi zee-ruble ngolwazi oluza kunceda ekupheliseni i-bayayev kunye ne-omoyid-wateraded yeRiphabhlikhi yeChechen. NgoNovemba 2004, abasemagunyeni babhengeza umsebenzi okhethekileyo wokusebenza kwabanqolobi. I-Aslan Maskidov iswelekile nge-8 kaMatshi ngo-2005 kwilali ye-Chechen yeToltstoy-yurd. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi zokusweleka koMongameli weeChers ezingaziwayo.
Ngokutsho kolwazi olusemthethweni, nge-8 kaMatshi, iMaskidov, kunye namaqabane, acwangcise ukuvuthuza ulwakhiwo lwasemaphandleni. Ngomhla wohlaselo lwabanqolobi, inani lalifihlwe kwigumbi elingaphantsi leNdlu yeNdlu yokuzalwa kwakhe, apho yafunyanwa ziinkonzo ezikhethekileyo. Iziqhushumbisi zazisetyenziselwa ukufaka isaphulo-mthetho sikarhulumente. Kucingelwa ukuba iMaskhadov ibhubhile ekufumaneni iBierryman efunyenweyo.
Emva kwexesha kumzimba weAslan, kwafunyanwa inxeba lompu, elalibulala. Iziphumo zoviwo lweNtlalo zibonisa ukuba imbumbulu yakhululwa kwi-makarov pistol, engomnye nomtshana kunye nommangaliso we-maskhadov vhachan vuchatimum.
Kwityala, umgcini womzimba wayedidekile kubungqina. Nje ukuba avume kwisenzo, ebhekisa kwisicelo sikamalume ukuba ambulale
"Ukuba wenzakele kwaye azame ukubanjwa. Watsho ukuba ukhumba, kuya kugculelwa phezu kwakhe i-Saddan ePusdan. "Ngokutsho kwezinye iimpawu, i-vuchan ilahlekile kwindalo, kwaye xa evuke, imaskhada yayisele ibulawa. Intloko yangoku yeChechnya Cadan Kadyrov iphakamise ukuba iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo zaseRussia zazifuna ukuthatha isaphuli-mthetho esiphilayo, kodwa
"Unogada, ngokubonakala, esenza intshukumo ebukhali, edutyulwe ngokuzenzekelayo."Emva kokupheliswa kwe-maskhadov fsb ihlawule i-10 yezigidi ye- $ 10 engaziwayo, eyathi yabonisa ixesha nendawo yokuhlala i-Aslan. Nangona kunjalo, unyana wakhe uAtzor wazisa amaphephandaba ukuba utata wakhe wakhupha indawo yakhe ngencoko esetyenziswa rhoqo. Iingcinga ezifanayo zibonisa i-Shamil Babayev.
Zonke iinguqulelo zokusweleka zezopolitiko ze-chechen, kunye ne-biographies yabasecaleni, igqityiwe i-Chechen Republic, zigutyungelwe kwifilimu yoxwebhu "ye-197).