Biography
Intsomi yaseMelika uWilliam Gibson inxulumene nokuzalwa kohlobo oluhle lwentsomi yesayensi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-cyberpunk. Kwaye ungamangalisi: Kwanangaphambi kwento "yengqondo yento", "nyani", "inyani" ivele kwinkcubeko enkulu, umbhali sele egqale kwi-neuromant ". Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ukuvulwa komsebenzi kudlule ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, isajongwa njengokukhulelwa.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UWilliam Ford Gibson wazalwa nge-17 kaMatshi, ngo-1948 kwisixeko esiselunxwemeni saseColon, eMzantsi Carolina. Uninzi lwexesha lokuqala lebhayiloji yombhali yabanjwa kwi-vemille, virginia.
Utata kaWilliam wasebenza njengomphathi kwinkampani enkulu yokwakha, ke i-gibsons ihlala ishukuma. Xa inkwenkwe yaya kwizikolo zaseprayimari eNorfolk, iVirginia, utata wasweleka - ivele ngexesha lokutya. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kwesi sigameko, intsapho yabuya iye kwi-vemisle. UWilliam wanika i-School kwiSikolo saseGeorge emhlophe.
Ukusingqongileyo kwenkwenkwe kwimidlalo, kwaye kwiminyaka eli-12 ubudala "akazange afune kwanto, ngaphandle kokuba ngumbhali wentsomi." Onke ixesha lasimahla Gibson lichithe kwigumbi lokufunda igumbi. Ukucanda kwakhe loncwadi kwamiselwa ngababhali besi sizukulwana esincinci-i-prosaiki prosaim run kunye ne-jack keroc, imbongi i-jenlen ginzberg.
Ukufunda uWilliam ulibele ngezifundo. Andonelisekanga kukusebenza kwakhe, umama wasongela ukuba athumele unyana wakhe kwisikolo sokubhoda, awasabela ngenzondelelo. Ngenxa yoko, uGibson wayekwisikolo samakhwenkwe amakhwenkwe eTucson.
Xa uWilliam Gibson waqala iminyaka eli-18 ubudala, umama wakhe wasweleka. Waphosa isikolo kwaye wahamba ejikeleza iYurophu, efuna ukungqubana kwintangalala. Ngo-1967, umbhali wafudukela eCanada ukuba akuphephe ukubiza imfazwe eVietnam. Kudliwanondlebe ngo-2008, wachaza ukuba yayingaphambuki ngokusemthethweni emkhosini, akazange afike e-ajenda.
I-1960s yeminyaka yoo-1960, umfana ochithe eToronto, emva koko waya kukhenketho lwamazwe aseYurophu apho kugcinwe urhulumente we-Fabhuli. UGibson akafuni kusebenza, kwaye ke wangena kwiDyunivesithi yaseBritish Columbia ukufumana i-Fullarhiship. Wagqiba imfundo ngo-1977.
Kumfundi, uWilliam wadibana nombhali uJohn Shirley, owayeqinisekile ukuba italente incinci ukuyibhala. Okwelo xesha, iGibson sele ibhale amabali aliqela kwisitayile sesayensi. Enkosi kuShirley, iincwadi ezibhaliweyo zangena ezandleni ze-Bruce Sterling kunye ne-lewis shayer, intsingiselo yesayensi yaseMelika. Bayivuyela imisebenzi kaGibson.
Iincwadi
Imisebenzi yokuqala yaseGibson, umzekelo, ibali "le-shards ye-rolographic rose" (1977), ngamabali akwimeko ye-cybernetics kuluntu lwe-cyberneti. Izihloko eziphuhliswe kumabali "Johnny-Mnemonic" (1981) kunye "ne-chrome" (1982), yeka isiseko se-neuromant ".
Ukubhala isahlulo sesithathu senoveli, i-Gibson yajonga kwi-blade "(1982), yadubula kuhlobo lwe-cyberpuunk, kwaye yaqonda ukuba i-neomomanta ilinde ukusilela xa kuthelekiswa nale" ribbon entle kakhulu "entle. Intsomi yesayensi iphinde yaphinda yaphindaphindwe le ncwadi izihlandlo ezili-12 kwaye yayiqinisekile ukuba emva kokupapashwa igama lakhe liza kuba "lihlaziswe ngonaphakade." Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoko, ukusuka phantsi kombhali wepeni, i-cyberromeman yaphuma.
"I-Neuromant" (1984) yanikezelwa "i-hugo" engenayo ", uHugo", uFilipu Dick Paice. Ngo-2005, iphephancwadi lexesha laquka umsebenzi kuluhlu lweenoveli ezili-100 ezinokuthetha isiNgesi ukusukela ngo-1923.
Ibinzana lokugqibela "akazange abone uMolly kwakhona" akazange anikezele ngokuqhubeka kwebali malunga ne-neuromanta, kodwa iGibson yazisa i-Zero "yeZero", okanye "igrafu" (okanye "igrafu" (okanye "igrafu" (okanye "igrafu. Le misebenzi mibini, kunye ne "Mna Lisa i-ovedrive" (1988) ye-"ye-cyberpace" yokuqala yombhali.
Ngomatshini wohambo, inoveli "yomahluko" (1990), abhalwe ngokubambisana ne-Bruce Sterling. Ababhali bangenisa itekhnoloji yolwazi kwindawo entle yomdlalo weVictorian wenkulungwane ye-Xix. Ngoku incwadi ngoku ithathelwa ingqalelo ummeli oqaqambileyo wohlobo lwe-steamppunk.
Ngaxeshanye nokubhalwa kwemisebenzi enkulu, iGibson eqatshelwe amabali, abanye ngokubambisana nentsomi eyaziwayo. Ke, "ingaba" (1981) zincedile ukuza noJohn Shirley, "inkwenkwezi ebomvu, ubusika" (1983) - "1985) - uMichael Duenvik.
I-Gibson Series "I-Trilogy yebhulorho" ibandakanya iinoveli "ukukhanya okukhanyayo" (1993), "i-idor" (1996) kunye "nawo onke amaqela angomso" (1999). Owona mbhali uphambili umbhali akaboni ngobukrelekrele bobudala, kodwa kwimithombo yeendaba, ethi ivele kwi-dumoist kwaye enyanisweni ibangela ukuba abantu.
Emva kokuba "i-Bridlogy" iGibson yaqala ukubambelela kwisitayile esifanelekileyo sokubhala kunye nokubhala okungaguqukiyo. Ngendlela enjalo, iincwadi ezivela "kwi-Triglogy Borigy" zibhaliwe- "ukwamkelwa kwemifanekiso" (2003), "ilizwe leZiporho" (2007) kunye "neDomes Dossier" (2010). UGibson ngokwakhe udibanisa le misebenzi inemilinganiselo "yeencwadi malunga ne-muraxes eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka."
Ngo-2014, intsomi yesayensi ikhuphe izixhobo zenzulu zesiRoma ", ibali liqhubeka kwii-epchs ezimbini - iminyaka engama-30 emva kokubini kunye nekamva elikude. Ukuqhubeka kwayo, esele ifumene igama "Iarhente" kufuneka ikhutshwe nge-2 ka-Epreli ka-2019.
UWilliam Gibson akaziwa kuphela njengombhali, kodwa kwakhona njengombhali wesihlolo. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala yiskripthi sefilimu ye-fantastic "(1992), zimbalwa izinto ezigcinwe kwinguqulo yokugqibela.
Ngaphambili, ukuthatha inxaxheba kukaGibson kwishishini lefilimu kufike ngaphaya kwenkqubo ye-blocklood blockbruster. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1980s, igosa lemifanekiso lisebenzisane noMlawuli weKazakh nugmanov ngaphezulu kwefilimu yaseSoviet-Americal ". Indima ephambili ekuyo yayikukuphumeza inkokeli ye-viktor viktori ye-viktori, ngo-1990 yasweleka kwingozi yemoto.
Kwakungekho intsebenziswano nomlawuli waseJapan kwi-Issia yam ngo-1991. Ifilimu, malunga nokudalwa kwamadoda okunxibelelana kufanele ukuba basuswe kwinqaba yeKowloon, kodwa ngo-1993 wadilizwa. UGibson ngumbhali wezi meko kwikhaka lemisebenzi yalo ye-Johnny-Mnemonic (1995), eyona ndima yeRosa "(1998), apho uChristopher wavuka, uChristopher wavuka, uChristopher wavuka, uChristopher wavuka, i-willem I-Defo neAria iArgeto.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iinoveli ezibalulekileyo zentsomi bezingafakwanga. Umlawuli waseCanada uVincenzo Natalie uthetha ngokuphinda udliwanondlebe awayesebenza kwi-cinema ye "NEOMAQUTA". UHeiden Kristensen noLiv Tyler kufanele ukuba bavele kwindima ekhokelayo, kodwa le projekthi ayizange ifezekiswe. Ukusukela ngo-2017, uTim Miller ubandakanyeka kwimithetho. Kananjalo unelungelo lokudubula ezinye iinoveli ze-trilogy "ye-cyberpace".
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu bentsomi yesayensi igqunywe ngesithunzi esingaziwayo.
Ekutshoneni kwelanga le-1960s, kwithuba lokuphelelwa lisuka kwimfazwe eVietnam, uWilliam Gibson wadibana noDeborah jempson, intombazana esuka eVancouver. Ngo-1972, waba ngumfazi wakhe. Ngokudibeneyo bazisa umntwana womntwana kumtshato wokuqala.
Ngaphandle kwemanyano eqhubekayo, eyomeleleyo, uGibson akazange avele nenkosikazi yakhe kwimisitho. Ngapha koko, akukho foto yalo enye yokucoca kumatshini. Akwaziwa nokuba amaqabane angenise abantwana abaninzi.
Ngoku usapho luhlala eVancouver. UGibson wafumana ubumi baseCanada, ngelixa besala ngummi wase-US.
UWilliam Gibson ngoku
I-Arhente yaseRoma Gibson "yenye yezonancwadi zilindelekileyo zika-2019. Kutshiwo ukuba kwangaxeshanye kuzo zombini izimaphambili, kunye ne-sequel yezixhobo ze "Peipheral".
Iziganeko ze-Arhente ziya kuphuma kwinguqulo yenyani, apho uloyiso kwi-SUPTORISTON SONISTONISELISIWEYO ngo-2016 iphumelele i-Hillary Clinton, kwaye ayinguDonald Trump. Ngamanye amagama, iGibson kufuneka ibuyele kwixesha elidlulileyo ukuya kunika enye inguqulelo yekamva laseMelika.
Ngaphandle kokuluphala, intsingiselo yesayensi inethemba lokuguqula "izixhobo ze-Peederal" kunye "nearhente" kwi-trilogy elandelayo. Akukho lwazi malunga noko kuya kubakho inoveli yesithathu.
Iikowuti
"Mamela uloyiko lwakho. Mhlawumbi nguye kuphela umhlobo wakho. "Utata wam othandekayo wayesoloko esithi:" Xa wonke umntu ephulukana nentloko, uyakhumbula ukuba kwipawundi njengoko bekukho ubulumko, inkosi injalo Phantse yonke loo nto yonakalisa umphefumlo ukuba uveze inyama. "" Ngomona ulwimi olude ".I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1977 - "Shards zeHolographic rose"
- Ngo-1981 - "Johnny mnemonic"
- Ngo-1982 - "tshisa i-chrome"
- Ngo-1985 - "Yilwa"
- I-1990 - "umahluko"
- Ngo-2014 - "izixhobo zobuqhetseba"
I-Triglogy "I-cyberpace"
- Ngo-1984 - "I-Neuromant"
- Ngo-1986 - "Bala i-zol"
- Ngo-1988 - "UMona Lisa ovedrive"
"I-Bridge Trilogy"
- Ngo-1993 - "ukukhanya okuthe gca"
- Ngo-1996 - "i-idor"
- Ngo-1999 - "onke amaqela angomso"
"I-Triglogy yohambo"
- Ngo-2003 - "Ukwamkelwa komfanekiso"
- Ngo-2007 - "Ilizwe leZiporho"
- Ngo-2010 - "dossier zero"