Biography
UPeter Chaadadava wabizwa ngokuba kukuziphatha kwexesha, kwaye emva kopapasho lwemisebenzi yentanda-bulumko, ethi ingene kwicandelo le-Royal System- " Ibhayiloji yakhe yayisekwe kwimifanekiso emininzi yoncwadi: Engennia Unigin, Alexander Chanceskina, Pierre propecozova. Ngokungafaniyo nabalinganiswa bakhe, iKadalavev ihlale kude kwiinkanuko zabantu kwaye zashiywa zilolo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UPeter Yakovvich Chaaadayev wazalelwa nge-27 kaJuni (nge-7 kaJuni) ye-1794 eMoscow. Utata Yokov Petrovich usebenze njengomcebisi kwiCoversor Cestral Solter, uMama yayinguNatalia Mikhailovich Shcherbatova. Bazali bakaPeter noMikail, umntakwabo, ekufeni kwangoko, nango-1797 amakhwenkwe athabatha udade olizibulo kaMama uAna Shrichet.
Ngo-1808, uPeter Chaleev, efumene imfundo yasekhaya, engenile iYunivesithi yaseMoscow. Phakathi kwabafundisi-ntsapho bakhe yayingumbhali waseFendar Bauz, umphandi wencwadi yeZibhalo Ezingcwele ze-Gradrich Mattei. Isithandi-sobulumko uJohann Bule obizwa ngokuba ngumfundi owuthandayo weCaadaev. Sele kwi-Chaadaev yomfundi ebonisa umdla kwifashoni. I-MEMIIRIS MAKHAIL Zhikharev ichaze umzobo wobudala:
"Ubugcisa bokufumana i-chaadaev iphakanyiswe phantse intsingiselo yentsingiselo yembali."UPeter Yakovvich wayedume ngokukwazi ukudanisa kwaye akhokele incoko eyingozi awayibeka kwihlabathi liphela phakathi kwabafazi. Ingqwalaselo yomntu wesini esahlukileyo, kunye nokuphakama kokuqonda ngaphezulu koontanga benziwe "ukungazithembi kakhulu."
Inkonzo yasemkhosini kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu
Imfazwe yentlukwano ye-1812 yabamba abantakwabo Chayadadav kwi-Mscow Society yemathematics. Ulutsha lwangena kwi-Guard Worce Domenova kwinqanaba leefilithers. Ngenkalipho, ebonakaliswe kwimfazwe yeBorodino, uPeter Yakovvich nyuka waya kwi-Emerign, wanikwa i-odolo leSt. U-Ana kunye ne-KULMAIR CROR YOKUHLAZIYWA KOKINOT kwidabi eliphantsi kwe-kul. Uye wathatha inxaxheba kwi-Baneunsky Maneuver, imfazwe kufutshane neMaloyarosfs.
Ngo-1813 Chayadadaev eguqulelwe kwi-Akhtyrky Gusar Guardation. I-Pergranrist Sergey Murayev-Apostol yachaza lo mthetho uPeter Yakovvlevich ngumnqweno wokunamathela kwi-Gusar Mundir. Ngo-1816, wafudukela kubomi be-Gusar Rement, eveliswe ngabantu abanobuntu. Emva konyaka kamva, iKaradaev yaba yinto engekho mthethweni i-Ilarion bilchikov i-vasilchikov.
Ubume beGusar bathunyelwe kwilali yasebukhosini. Kwakulapha kwindlu yombhali-mbali uNikolai Karazin, Chayadayev wadibana no-Alexander Puykin. Imbongi enkulu yaseRussia yanikezela intanda-bulumko "ukuya kumzobo weCADADADA" (1820) (1820) (1820), "kwilizwe endizilibale apho ndizilibale ii-alamu zangaphambili" (1824), noPeter I-Yakovlevich, ukuba yenye i-typin, "yanyanzela ukuba icinge", incokole ngokubhaliweyo kunye nezihloko zentanda-bulumko.
Umzekelo, i-vasilchikov iqhayisa lemicimbi ephambili, umzekelo, ingxelo ye-Alexander I kwiBuncy kwi-Ofisi yoLondolozo lweSemenovsky. Emva kokudibana noMlawuli ngo-1821, enzonzobileni, enika ithemba ngekamva eliqaqambileyo lomkhosi, larhoxa. Ezi ndaba ziqaqadekileyo zothukayo kwaye zakhokelela kwiintsomi ezininzi.
Ngokwengxelo esemthethweni, i-chaadaev, sele esebenze kwi-semenov i-semeriment, ayizange ihlupheke kwisohlwayo sokusondelelana. Ngenxa yezinye izizathu, isithandi-sobulumko asiphumelelanga ukudlulisela kumajoni langaphambili. Abantu bexesha elincinci bacinge ukuba i-chaadaev yayifike emva kwexesha kwintlanganiso kunye ne-Alexander I, kuba wayithatha iwadi ixesha elide, okanye ukuba uMongami wenza ingcinga kaPeter Yakovvich.
Ukuhamba ngeMicimbi yasemkhosini, i-chaadaev yabangela ingxaki yokomoya. Ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo ngo-1823, waqhubeka ehamba eYurophu, ngaphandle kokucwangcisa ukubuyela eRussia. I-TRIPS, uPeter yakovvich ihlaziya ngenkuthalo ilayibrari enezincwadi. Yayinomdla kakhulu ngomsebenzi, umbono ophambili obekho kwinkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye nobuKristu.
Imeko ye-Caadaeva yaba sisibini, kwaye ngo-1826 wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele eRussia. Emdeni, wabanjwa ngokukrokrela ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubela phambili yeengcali zenkokheli, okwenzekileyo kunyaka wangaphambili. KuPeter Yakovvovich, bathabatha irisithi engazange ingabifi imfihlo. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwazi lwalukhoyo ngabom.
Emva ngo-1814, iCaradaev yangena kwi-St. Isithandi-sobulumko sidanile ngokukhawuleza kwimbono yendawo ezifihlakeleyo, kwaye ngo-1821 kwaye bashiya abahlobo kwaphela. Emva koko wajoyina uluntu lwasentla. Emva kwexesha wagxeka i-irisnerbrist, ekholelwa ukuba inyukayo esixhobileyo sityhalele iRussia kangangesiqingatha seminyaka eyadlulayo.
Ifilosofi kunye nobuchule bokuyila
Ukubuyela eRussia, iKicaadev yahlala phantsi kweMoscow. Ummelwane wakhe yayinguCatherine Panova. Kunye naye, isithandi-sobulumko sinembalelwano - ishishini lokuqala, lenze ubuhlobo. Abantu abancinci baxoxa ngobukhulu benkolo, ukholo. Impendulo kaCaraadaev ekuphelisweni ngokomoya kwe-Ponova yentsimbi yentsimbi ", yadalwa ngo-1829-1831.
Ibhaliwe kwi-Epistolary yohlobo lomsebenzi ebangela ingqumbo yamanani ezopolitiko nezenkolo. Kwabo babonakalise umsebenzi weengcinga, uNikolai bendiqaphele i-chaadaeva kunye ne-panov's. Isithandi-sobulumko sasungulwa lulawulo lwezonyango, kwaye le ntombazana yandiswa kwisibhedlele sengqondo.
Ukugxekwa okuthe tyaba 'ngoonobumba bentanda-bulumko "babangelwa ngenxa yokuba inkolo yaseOrithoDology yakhutshwa. I-Chaadaev yabhala ukuba inkolo yabantu baseRussia, ngokungafaniyo nobuKristu baseNtshona, abuthinteli abantu kubukhoboka, kodwa ngokwahlukileyo, amakhoboka. Ezi zimvo zonyango u-Alexander Heiszen kamva zibizwa ngokuba yi "Ngqina lokuguqula amaKatoliry."
Iphephandaba i-telescope ", apho ngo-1836 eyokuqala kwiileta ezinesibhozo" zapapashwa, zavalwa, umhleli wasityalwa kwilale ye-kartoga. Kude kube ngu-1837, iChayadayev idlulise uvavanyo lwezonyango mihla le ukubonisa impilo-ntle yakhe. Ukubekwa esweni kwifilosofi kuyasuswa ngemeko yokuba "angayithandi into."
Isithembiso se-chaadaev saphulwa kwi-1837, ukubhala "ukuxolisa kwabaphambukeli" (akupapashwa ngexesha lobomi). Abasebenzi baphendula ngezityholo 'zokuthand' ilizwe ngokungalunganga ", baxelelwa ngezizathu zokubuyela umva kwabantu baseRussia.
UPeter Yakovvich ukholelwa ukuba iRussia iphakathi kweMpuma naseNtshona, kodwa kubunzulu bayo ayisebenzi kuwo nawuphi na amaqela amahlakani ehlabathi. Isizwe esifuna ukufunda ezona zihlanga zimbini kwaye kwangaxeshanye zingabi ngumlandeli akukho namnye kubo owonakaliswayo.
Oyena mlawuli uphela yi-chayadaeve ngentlonelo, obuyayo eRashiya ukuba abe ngoyena nolwaziso oluninzi kunye nokwazisa ngenkcubeko yaseNtshona. Ke kaloku inkulu, kodwa imbeko yamphatha ngentlonelo. Ubungqina bale-amazwi ka-Alexey Homyakova, ummeli oqaqambileyo we-slavophilism:
"Ingqondo ekhanyisayo, imvakalelo yobugcisa, intliziyo entle-ezo ziimpawu ezazitsalwa ngumntu wonke; Ngexesha elinjalo xa, ngokucacileyo, ingcinga yantywiliselwa kwigumbi elingcwatywayo kunye nokungazinzi. Wayebize kakhulu kwinto yokuba wayephaphile kwaye wakhuthazeka abanye. "Ubomi Buqu
Kwi-Reute ebizwa ngokuba yi-Chaadaeva "I-Lady Sholosopher": Wayehlala ejikelezwe ngabafazi, wayesazi ukuba angathandani nokubathanda abanye abantu. Kwangelo xesha, i-petra yakovlevich yobuqu ayisebenzi.
Kubomi beKhadayev bekukho uthando olufutshane. I-Catherine Patheriva, i-sodostessee yoonobumba bentanda-ntanda-moya ", yafumana eyona nto inamandla kumbhobho wamadoda. Kwanasemva kwenkululeko yesibhedlele sengqondo, le ntombazana ayizange ibe netyala elithandekayo kububi bakhe. Wayefuna iintlanganiso kunye nesithandi-sobulumko, kodwa wasweleka ngaphandle kweleta ebuyayo, umntu obhinqileyo.
I-Chaudayev isebenze njenge-prototype ye-Engennian ovela kwinoveli ye-Alexander Sunin yegama elinye, kwaye kwindima yeTatyana yenziwa yi-avdota norova. Wathandana nefilosofi ngaphandle kwenkumbulo, kwaye xa wayengenamali yokuba abakhonzi bakhe, wacela ukumkhathalela, kodwa waya eMoscow kwintsapho kaLevishosho.
UAvdota wayeyintombi ebi kwaye ebuthathaka, kwaye ngenxa yoko lafa kwangoko - kwiminyaka engama-36 ubudala. I-Chaadaev, Ngubani okhokelele oonobumba abaqhelekileyo kangangexesha elide, bamtyelela esibhedlele ngaphambi nje kokuba afe.
I-Ekaterina Ivishova, nangona yayikhona ibhinqa elitshatileyo, elimthandayo uSadalalev. Umlingane kunye nabantwana abadala babengasiqondi isizathu sokuba angathathi imali kwifilosofi yezindlu. Isimo sengqondo sokuhlonela i-catherine ukuya kwindwendwe ihlala iminyaka emi-6, ixhomekeke ekufeni kwakhe.
Ukufa
Nge-14 ka-Epreli, 1856, i-ofisi emfutshane ye-HIV yabonakala kwiPhepha lephephandaba laseMoscow:
"Ngentsimbi yesi-5, emva kwemini ihambile emva kwesifo esifutshane, enye yeMoscow Statel Peter Yiadavich Chaadayev, eyaziwa phantse yonke imibutho yethu yedolophu."
Wabulawa ngokufakwa kwemiphunga, ngaphandle kokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-63. Umnqumo uMikhailZhail Zhikharev ukhe wabuza isithandi-sobulumko, kutheni ebaleka kwabasetyhini, 'njengesihogo eLadan, "waphendula wathi:
"Fumanisa ukusweleka kwam."ICaradaev iyalele ukuba azingcwabe kufutshane nabafazi abathandekayo - kwi-don monastery engcwabeni le-avdoti norova okanye kwitempile ye-PKROVSKY kufutshane ne-Ekdinavina. Isithandi-sobulumko sifumene uxolo lokugqibela kwimicendoloseli ye-don marmedy eMoscow.
Iikowuti
"Amampunge avela kwisidenge, ikratshi linomsindo". "Akukho mntu uziqondayo ukuba afumane nantoni na, ngaphandle kokushiya umsebenzi omncinci okungenani emva kweli hambo. Inye into eyodwa-ulonwabo. Bacinga ukuba yinto egqibeleleyo ukuba bonwabe ngaphandle kokwenza nantoni na ukuyithenga, oko kukuthi, ukuyifumana i-crusmy ejikelezayo kwintambo, oko kunqabile ndikhangela ukulingana kolunye. "Ixesha elidlulileyo alisasebenzi kuthi, kodwa ikamva lixhomekeke kuthi."I-Bibliography
- 1829-1831 - "Iileta zeFilelo zika"
- 1837 - "Uxolelo"