Biography
Kwiminyaka engama-76 yeSigaba sokuSebenza, umdanisi kunye nomdanisi we-Fredographer Fred Aster waguqula inkcazo yoluntu malunga ne-cinema yomculo. Ukufumana indlela yokugxeka kakhulu, wadlala indima engalibalekiyo kwaye waphumelela iipremiyamu ezininzi eziphindwe kabini kunye namabhaso. Inqaku ngalinye ekwenziweni komdlali waba liphepha elitsha kwimbali yomdaniso, ophembelela umsebenzi weenkosikazi zendawo, njengoMichael Jackson, eMichail Nuriev noBill birshnikov.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UFrederick Austeltz, odumileyo kwihlabathi phantsi kwePleudugued Aster, wazalwa nge-10 ka-2012 kwidolophu yaseOmaha, eNebraska kwiibhanki zomlambo uMorsouri. Abazali bakhe yayingengowaseMelika, abafumana njengelifa kookhokho baseJamani, e-Austrian naseCzech-iingcambu zamaYuda.
Utata womlingisi wexesha elizayo, uFritz Austerltz, wasebenza kwinkampani eyaphula umthetho, kwaye umama wakhe wayenoxanduva lokufunda kwabantwana ababini kwaye wazama ukucwangcisa inyathelo lomsebenzi onesidima.
Ukukhetha umdaniso kunye nengoma, uAnn Austertz waphupha ngokudala i-duo ngokuthatha inxaxheba komzalwana kwaye ekubeni ebuntwaneni wanyanzela ukuba inkwenkwe ithathe izifundo ze-choreography kwaye zifunde ukudlala izixhobo zomculo. UFrederick ngokungafihlikiyo ipiyano, i-I-Union kunye neClarinet kwaye ke yachonga ikamva lakhe kwishishini.
Endaweni yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, abantwana baya kufunda kwiStudio yomdaniso eNew York, emva koko bangena kwiSebe leNkcubeko leNkcubeko kunye nobugcisa. Okwesihlandlo sokuqala ukubonakala kwinqanaba, uMzalwana noDade bathanda uluntu, kwaye umama wakwazi ukusebenzisa iintetho rhoqo kwaye wacebisa ukuba athathe indawo yefani kunye nedabi labalawuli abathathu, amafutshane kunye nama-Alist akhumbulekayo nongenakulibaleka.
Ekuqaleni komsebenzi, uphawu olungathanga ngqo kwengubo ye-fred yayiyinto yokuqhekeka kwaye i-cylinder emnyama emnyama, efihla umahluko obonakalayo kubadanisi ekukhuleni. Emva kwexesha, xa uAdel wayekhula, abazali banyanzelwa ukuba bathathe ikhefu, balinde ukuba abantwana babhetele ukuba basondele kwinqanaba.
Ukudanisa
Ngo-1915, uAskara wabonakala esidlangalaleni namanani aphezulu anezinto ezinamanqanaba. Ngeli xesha, uFred waba nomdla wokudanisa kwaye wacinga ngendima yeChoreographer kunye noMlawuli wamagumbi. Ukuzama umculo, umfana waqhelana nomqambi uGeorge Gershvin kwaye wakhetha umdaniso wakhe ngomdaniso obizwa ngokuba "ngaphezulu", oxhaphazelwa yindawo ebanzi ngo-1917.Emva kokubeleka okuphumeleleyo kwabadanisi abancinci, bacelwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwi-1918 ", kwaye ngo-1920, kulungiselelwe ukutyeshelwa kweTondon Reatres, lonke unxweme lweAtlantic wafunda malunga ne-duet. Ingakumbi yababukeli bathanda imiculo "yobuso obuhlekisayo", "Kulungile ukuba linenekazi" kunye "ne-upeatrical van, apho isibini sabusa khona ubuchule beenkosi.
Ngo-1932, ekupheleni kwexesha elibanzi lendlela, uAdal watshata, noFred, ekunyanzeleke ukuba aqalise umsebenzi wedwa, waya kuloyisa ishishini lefilimu. Andiphumelelanga ukuyilungisa eHollywood, umdanisi waqhubeka nomsebenzi weqonga kwaye wakhazimla ixesha elithile ekuqulunqweni kwe "uqhawulo-mtshato oluhlekisayo" kunye nokunye okusebenzayo kwiqabane elitsha clache.
Iifilimu
Ngowe-1933, enye abavelisi abaninzi ngempumelelo Hollywood uDavide Selznik wabona italente Aster ngokwangaphandle akuthandeki, ogama ukukhula kunzima kufikelelwe 177 cm kunye ubunzima malunga-70 kg, kwaye utyikitye isivumelwano kunye naye, ezinikwa Metro-Goldwin-Mayer film studio. I-cinema ye-ciner yeFred yayiyifilimu yomculo "odadayo", apho ayesenza iqabane lomsebenzi we-Superpopule Madress Jowford.
Oku kulandelwe ngumsebenzi wokuqala odibeneyo kunye ne-gursor yosulelo ye-ginger ginger roger kwifilimu "ebhabha ukuya kwi-rio". Emva kokuba isibini senze umdaniso, ngokuhamba ngebala kwi-Carves yePianos emhlophe, abaLawuli bahlasela ingqalelo enkulu kwi-Aster kwaye bamcenga ukuba baqhubeke nentsebenziswano neqabane elitsha.
Ngeminyaka yee-1930s, uFred noGinger baba ngomnye umntu ofunwayo, emva kweefilimu ezilishumi zomculo, ezona zithandwayo ze "Sylinder", "ukhathashelo." Kwindawo, i-aster ifuna intshukumo esisigxina yekhamera kwaye ibukele amanani ukuba abe yinxalenye yeli phepha. Waphatha amaqabane kwaye waziqhelanisa de waneliseka ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokuhambelana noFred of Fred, baqhubeka nokuphuculwa njengomdanisi kwaye bavavanywa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, besebenzisana neenkwenkwezi ezinjenge-joaine, e-Elinor Powell kunye ne-bing crossby. Ngo-1941, iqabane elitsha laseAster yayinguRita Heivot, intombi yomdanisi waseMelika waseLatin, owathandwa ebutsheni bakhe. Ngokwenza i-Deet egcwele ukuqonda, abadlali abahamba ngeefilimu "awusoze ube sisityebi" kwaye "awukaze ubemnandi."
Nangona kunjalo, iqela laqhekeka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kwiminyaka elandelayo, uFred wayengenakufumana umdaniso osisigxina kwisibini. Usebenzisane nobuhle obuncinci uJoan Leslie, emva koko wazama ukusebenza noLuccille Bremer noGin Kelly, kodwa baziva benengxaki yokuthobela i-actor yomdlali wefilimu.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba imifanekiso "ye-Ioland nesela", "izulu eliblue" kunye "ne-bigfield gares evakalayo, kwaye yagqiba i-DEARD ivela kwi Iimuvi.
Owayemvango-Axeli obandakanyekayo ekufundiseni kwaye walungelelanisa eyakhe iStudio, ekuhambeni kwexesha, amasebe afunyenweyo kulo lonke ilizwe. Ukungakhathali koluntu kube ngumdlali weqonga, kwaye ngo-1948 wabuyela eHollywood ngefilimu ", wadubula umculo", wadubula kumculo odumileyo uPeter Straserford.
Emva koko, i-fred ngempumelelo eyahlukeneyo ithathe inxaxheba kwimifanekiso "yamagama amathathu amancinci" kwaye "masidanise", kwaye ngo-1951 ndibuyele encotsheni yozuko kumculo wasebukhosini womculo, ukuxela Malunga nabadanisi baseNew York York, abamenyiwe ngumsitho womtshato uElizabeth II.
Kwabonakala ngathi umsebenzi wokudala waphuculwa, kodwa, njengesiqhelo, ukusilela ngokupheleleyo kwalandelwa yi-pitiff, eyakhokelela kwizinyuko ezimbi kubuhlobo bomlingisi. Ukusuka enzonzobileni yeengxaki, umdanisi wanceda ukukhupha iifilimu zefilimu "ubuso obuhlekisayo" kunye "nezitokhwe zesilika", kunye namahlakani amatsha ane-hepburn, akhutshelwe iChapburn, oshiyekileyo amava kwaye ashiye ixesha. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba i-aster kunye nenkampani ichithe umzamo omkhulu kwimveliso yezi peyinti, abazange bathande kwaye bengazange baphumelele.
Ngenxa yoko, iFred Ref-ishiye iimovie, ishiya inkumbulo yobutyebi bakhe ubuncwane obukhulu, i-albhamu yomculo ebizwa ngokuba yi "Cheek Grants" kwaye itshatile Udumo lozuko oluqinisekileyo ngo-2000.
Kwiminyaka elandelayo, uFred wayezibandakanya ekudaleni iinkqubo zomculo kunye nomdaniso ezinikwe amabhaso angama-9, kwaye ivele kwindima yesibini kwi-cinema. Eyona misebenzi idumileyo ngeli xesha yayikukupeyinta i-Francis Ford Poppola "Flembow Firian" kunye nefilimu-intlekele ye-Irwin Allen "yesihogo".
Ubomi Buqu
Ukugweba ngefoto, i-Arred Arter yayingeyondoda entle kakhulu yaseHollywood, kodwa ngenxa yokubulela ngokusondeleyo kwinkangeleko yakhe, wayephumelele ngesiqingatha esihle soluntu.
Ebutsheni bakhe, umdlali wakudala wasinda kwinoveli eliqela, kodwa ngo-1933 wafumana umfazi owaba ngumfazi wakhe kangangeminyaka engama-21. Yayilinenekazi lokukhanya okuphakamileyo, elalibizwa ngokuba yi-Phyllis Potter. Ndikubone nge-Aster, wayetshatele kummeli odumileyo woluntu lwaseMelika kwaye wayenonyana ukusuka kwindoda yokuqala.
UFred noPhyllis baphila ubomi obonwabisayo kwaye baba ngabazali kubantwana ababini abazalwa ngo-1936 nowe-1942. Ngaphandle kobuninzi beqabane, bejikeleza umdanisi kwiseti, wayehlala ethembekile kumfazi wakhe kwaye ekhathaza kakhulu ukufa kwakhe ngo-1954.
Ukuze ufumane kwakhona kwintlekele, i-aster yayifuneka iphile kubudala obukhulu, kunye naye umkhweli wakhe oqeqeshiweyo uRobith Smith wafika ebomini bakhe, owaba ngumdanisi wesibini otyhidiweyo ngo-1980.
Umtshato omtsha wawugcina ubudlelwane obusondeleyo wabantwana kunye nabazukulwana, kwaye intsalela yobomi bomculi ichithe usapho olukhulu kunye nobuhlobo kwisangqa.
Ukufa
I-Aster ihlala ikhathalele impilo yakhe, kubudala yayijongeka yahlala inamandla kwaye ityibilike. Ke ngoko, ukufa kwakhe kwiPxoumonesia nge-22 kaJuni, 1987 kwakumangalisa ukuba abalandeli nje kuphela, kodwa nakwizalamane ezisondeleyo zomdanisi.
Ngaphambi kokufa, uFred wacela ukubulela wonke umntu owamxhasa kuyo yonke imisebenzi, ethetha amazwi athile kumhlobo othile kunye noMichael Jackson osebenza naye.
Ilifa le-Asster lezifilimo ezininzi ezingaphulukiyo kubabukeli ngenxa yeenkxalabo zentombi ye-Acar Ava Aster McKenzie. Ngo-2000, i-hires yomdanisi omkhulu wavula iSamque yeSikhumbuzo eIreland, yaye ngo-2008 wayethatha inxaxheba kwiminyhadala enikezelwe kumaxesha oYise oqaqambileyo.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1933 - "Indiza kwiRio"
- Ngo-1935 - "Cylinder"
- Ngo-1936 - "ixesha lokujika"
- Ngo-1937 - "Danisa?"
- Ngo-1940- "ikwayala yomthendeleko"
- Ngo-1945 - "Iolanta kunye nesela"
- Ngo-1946 - "izulu eliluhlaza"
- Ngo-1948 - "Parade ye-Ista"
- Ngo-1951 - "Umtshato wasebukhosini"
- Ngo-1955 - "Utata omde"
- Ngo-1957 - "Mordny Mord"
- Ngo-1968 - "Freebow Finaian"