Imbali yomlinganiswa
Uphawu lwe-prosaic poem nikolai gogol "imiphefumlo efileyo". Umnini-mhlaba, uliphupha elingenayo. UManilov unabe noonyana kunye nenkosikazi iLizonka.Imbali yendalo
Ingcinga ye "Miphefumlo Efileyo" uGogola wacebisa uAlexander Utyokin, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo kwincwadi ye-Gogol "uvumo lukaMbhali." I-Pushkin ngokwakhe yayalela lo mbono kuhlobo lweNkosi ngexesha lekhonkco eChisinau. Umntu othile uxelele i-tyokin malunga nedolophu eBssarabia, apho kungekho namnye umntu oswelekileyo, ngaphandle komkhosi.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-Xix, uninzi lwabaphangi babaleka kumaphondo oMkhulu waseRussia. Ababaleka babekhangela amapolisa, kodwa bathabatha amagama abafi, ke bafumana ukuba ngubani umntu, akunakwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, kwakungekho ukuba kwesi sixeko ixesha elide ukufa kwakungabhaliswanga. Ngokweenkcukacha-mali, abantu bayeka ukufela. Abasemagunyeni baqalisa uphando, kwaye kwavela ukuba kukho abavanga abaqhelekileyo ababengenamaphepha abo bawabekele amagama abo abafileyo.
UGogewor uthandane uqonde okokuqala "yimiphefumlo efileyo", kwileta eya eCungkin ukusuka ngo-1835. Kunyaka kamva, uGogol Ride eSwitzerland, emva koko waya eParis nase-Itali, apho aqhubeka esebenza kwinoveli.
Izahluko ezahlukileyo kwi-gogol engapheliyo yaseRoma kwintlanganiso Funda i-pullkin kunye nomnye oqhelene nayo. Ngo-1842, umsebenzi wokuqala wapapashwa. Inoveli ayigqitywanga. Uyilo olungapheliyo olungaphelelanga lwevolumu yentloko igcinwe.
Biography
I-Manilov yindoda enemvelaphi ephakathi, umnini-mhlaba. Iqhawe linombala weenwele, amehlo aluhlaza kunye nokuncuma. Iqhawe libangela kwaye lithathe, lidla ngokuhleka kwaye lincumile. Kwangelo xesha, usukela okanye ugqobhoza amehlo akhe kwaye ube yikati, 'yona "yaxela iindlebe". Kubonakala ngathi umbono womntu odumileyo nobonwabisayo ekuqaleni kokujonga, nangona kunjalo, imbonakalo kunye nembonakalo yeManilov ayiqhelekanga kobukhulu bokunyanzelwa, ishukela "yokugqwesa".
I-Manilov yayiligosa, kodwa ngoku lithathe umhlala phantsi. Oogxa bakhe balijonga iqhawe lendoda efundileyo necwebekileyo. Nasemkhosini kwigorha, umkhwa wokutshaya wavela ityhubhu. Iqhawe litshatile kangangesibhozo leminyaka, kodwa esonwabile emtshatweni. Manilov neqabane lizonka banelisekile kunye kwaye banxibelelane kakuhle. Iqhawe lizisa oonyana abathathu leminyaka emithandathu neyesixhenxe, enikwe amagama angaqhelekanga kwi "Greek".
I-Manilov yahlukile kuncinci ebantwini bolunye lwesangqa kuye, ligazi eliqhelekileyo lesityebi. Ngaphandle kokulunga nobubele bomlinganiswa, iManilov inesithukuthezi, ayilonakalo ukuba inxibelelane naye. Iqhawe alisebenzi ngayo nayiphi na into, ayikwazi ukuthwala incoko kwaye ijongeka ngathi yindoda ethambileyo ihluthwa yintonga engaphakathi.
Iqhawe aliphikisi kwaye alifiki, alinazo izinto zokuzonwabisa, izimvo zakhe okanye iimbono zakhe, ezinokuthi ziqwalasele kuyimfuneko ukukhusela. UManilov kwiMigaqo akanikezeli, unomdla wokutsala emafini kwaye ucinge ngezinto ezingaqhelekanga. Iqhawe lingangena egumbini, hlala esitulweni kunye neeyure ezimbalwa ukuze uwele kwi-PREST.
I-Manilov ivila ngokungaqhelekanga. Iqhawe lasungulwa kwifama yeSamothek, kwaye izinto ezikwi-estate zihlanjululwa ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba komniniyo. UManilov akazange ebomini akazange abone amasimi abo kwaye angawuthathi athathele ingqalelo amaqela akho aswelekileyo, okuthetha ngokungabakhathaleli iqhawe.
Kwindlu yemicimbi yeMerdent, nayo iphuma ezandleni kakubi, kwaye abanini bengayikhathaleli kuyo. Abakhonzi besiselo sakwaMenuccource, abalandeli inkangeleko yabo, bangazaliseki imisebenzi, i-goressitch izisa, kwigumbi lokugcina alinanto, kwaye ikhitshi lisebenzisa iimveliso zesidenge. Abanini-bani ngokwabo, kunye nabakhonzi, bangazicingeli kwinto eyenzekayo endlwini kwaye ziziphi iimeko abahlala kuzo.
I-Manilaov iphatha i-chichikov sch) kwaye, ngokucacileyo, akukho ezinye izitya endlwini. Ukutya kweMbali "Ukutshintshwa" Incoko emnandi, kwaye inyani ayibonisi ukhathalelo kwisidlo sangokuhlwa.
Kwigumbi lokuhlala i-Mulolov, kukho izitulo ezibini, ezifuna ukudubula, kwaye umniniyo ebenobuvila kangangeminyaka emininzi uku-odola i-upholstery, nangona usapho lunemali eyaneleyo. Iqhawe alinakukwazi ukunika amagumbi angenanto endlwini ukusuka kumzuzu wokumtshato kwakhe kwaye akakwazi ukufunda incwadi enye iminyaka emibini. Enye yezibonelelo ezimbalwa ze-manlova yi-ofisi yesandla ecocekileyo.
Kwangelo xesha, kubantu ngokubanzi nakwiiseSF, abo baboniswayo balungile. Iqhawe libangela kwaye libe nembeko kwincoko enomnyango olula okanye utitshala wabantwana bakhe. Ababonisi bethembekile ngobwabantu kunabantu abahamba kwigorha. La madoda ayedla ngokuza kumniniyo aze azibuze ekufumaneni umvuzo, kwaye enyanisweni, efumene imvume yokupheliswa, ethunyelwe ukuba asele.
Imanav ithanda iindwendwe kwaye ayizisoli ngokubaqhelene nabantu abaqhelene nabo abafuna ukuthanda. I-Manilas ihlala ifikelela kwigorha eliphambili, eChichiku, idumisa imfundo kunye nezembeko yendwendwe. Ifani "i-manilov" inikwa iqhawe ukuba ligxininise "ukuthantamisa" lobume begorha, ukuzama "ukuthoba", zitsalele abantu kubo, zintle.
"Imiphefumlo efileyo" i-hilov inika i-chikchiku ukuba ikhululeke kwaye ikhethe iphepha eliyimfuneko kwinkcitho yakho ukwenza ukuba kuqheleke into entsha. I-Chichik ijonge kwiManilov njengendoda "iswekile" kunye ne-boring.
Xa kuthelekiswa neManilov, iChichikov ngokwakhe ikhangeleka imnandi kwaye ifanelwe kukujonga kwakhe okokuqala, kodwa eyona nto ingumsebenzi ongenanto kunye nezinto.
Kumfanekiso kaManilov, umbhali uzoba enye yemifanekiso ye-EXPE ye-ERAE-i-hezard heamer, ohlala ubomi obungenanto, olonakeleyo lungasebenzi kakuhle nobuvila. Ekuqaleni, iManilov yindoda engenabungozi ngokupheleleyo, nangona kunjalo, inokuba ngumonakalo omkhulu kunye nefama yakhe, kwaye iyoluntu iyonke.
Okuchaseneyo kweManilov - i-Nastasya Petrovna ibhokisi, irekhodi lekholeji elihlwempuzekileyo, umhlolokazi ohlala kwindlu encinci kwaye uziphatha ngomtsalane wentengiso. Intsingiselo yobomi be-heroine ixhalabisa ifama yayo kunye nokuqokelelwa kokulungileyo. I-heroine abantu abangqonge babona "ii-wallet", apho unokukhupha imali.
Iikowuti
"Hayi, ndiyaxolisa, andizukuvumela ukuba sidlule emva kwendwendwe elimnandi, elifundisiweyo." "O! I-Pavel Ivanovich, mandibe noFrank: Ndingavuya unike isiqingatha semeko yam yokuba nenxalenye yezinto onazo !. "" Makhe ndivumele. Esi sihlalo sabelwe undwendwe: ngenxa yencwadi okanye ingenzi ngenxa, kodwa kufuneka bahlale phantsi. " "Omnye uThixo wayengathethi ukuba i-manulov yayiyintoni. Kukho ububele babantu abaziwayo phantsi kwegama: abantu njalo-ke, no ... "Ukukhusela
Ngo-1960, uMlawuli weLeonid Trauberg wasusa idrama "imiphefumlo efileyo" kwityala lakhe. Ifilimu yayisekwe kumdlalo we-Endonymous, wahanjiswa eMkate ngo-1932. UMikhail Bulgakov wabhala iqonga, ethatha i-rooma-yombongo njengesiseko. Indima ye-Manilov kule filimu yenziwa ngumdlali we-actor yuri leonidov.
Ngo-1984, iSoviet Mini-uthotho "imiphefumlo efileyo" ngaphandle kweziqendu ezintlanu. Uhlobo longcelele lwendlela ye-satirical tragicomedy. UMikhail Schuitzer waba nguMlawuli, kwaye indima kaManilov yenziwa ngumdlali we-Actor Yuri Bogatyrev. Umlingane weqhawe, iLizonku, idlale i-Arress Arrisa udovichenko.
Ngo-2005, ungcungcuko lwebakala lesibhozo i-picturing loweve "imeko yemiphefumlo efileyo yakhululwa. Imeko yadalwanga ngokwemisebenzi eliqela yeNikolai Gogol ngaxeshanye - "Amanqaku encwadi", "umphicothi-zincwadi", "umphicothi-zincwadi", "uPhatlethi" nabanye.
Iqhawe eliphambili lolu ngcelele - ivan schiller, umbhalisi weekholeji, uphanda imeko yokunyamalala kweChichikov kwaye oku kuza kwidolophu ethile yedolophu. Amagosa endawo ngandlela zonke ukuthintela iindwendwe kuMnumzana kuphando. Ekwexesha elithile, i-schiller inyanzelwa ukuba ihambe kwiintlanganiso ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga, kwaye kwigorha yokugqibela ngokwakhe iguqukela kwi-Chichikov yobuqhophololo. Indima ye-Manilov kwi-Marilov kwi-uthotho idlalwa ngu-Actor Favevim abahlali.