Biography
Ngo-2018, ifilimu ethi "I-Mary Poppins ibuyela" kwizikrini ze-cinema zaphuma, ifihlakele kumabali amnandi ezenziwe ngumbhali wase-Australia olwenziwe ngu-Pamela.
Abaninzi bayazi ukuba ngaphambi kokuba ubhale incwadi, umfazi owayebizwa ngokuba yiHelle Lindon, edlale kwindawo yemidlalo yejenali kwaye waqala umxholo wamanqaku amanyeneyo. Iinkcukacha eziseleyo zebhayiloji yombhali webali malunga ne-suppeman zimangalisa njengemisebenzi yakhe. Ixesha elincinci lobomi lombhali lubonakalisiwe emsebenzini womlawuli John Lee Hancock "Gcina uMnu. Banks".
Ubuntwana noLutsha
UPamela Travers, ekuzalweni kukaHelen Goff, wazalwa nge-9 ka-Agasti e-Austraugh eMarybrough, ekwintsimi ye-Britane yangaphambili. Utata uhamba uRobert Hoff wasebenza njengomphathi wezemali, kwaye umama uMargaret otyhidiweyo wabalwa igosa lasekhaya eliphezulu elaliyisikhundla senkulumbuso.
Iminyaka yokuqala yobomi bombhali wexesha elizayo edlulele kwindlu enkulu ephathwayo ejikelezwe ngabazali abanothando, oodade baselula nabakhonzi. Kodwa ngo-1905, umqeshwa wasebhanki wehliswa, kwaye usapho kwafuneka lufudukele kwikhaya elincinci.
Ngaphandle kokujamelana nobunzima bezemali, umdala obongoza ulikhoboka lotywala kwaye ngo-1907 wasweleka ekuthatheni utyhotyweni. Emva koko, uMargaret nabantwana bahlala kwimpuma ye-Australia, endlwini ka-Aunt, ababezibandakanya ekugxothweni kwabazukulwana kwaye kungekudala bathumela iBhodi yabucala ebizayo e-Esshfield.
Intombazana efundise ukufunda kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala, ayizange ilingane neziko lemfundo elitsha. Isidima kwizifundo, wayehlala efumana izilumkiso ezivela kubafundisi-ntsapho kunye nesimo sengqondo esingakhathaliyo kwizifundo. Ngenxa yoko, uMlawuli wendlu yokubhonga wavumela uLindi oza kuzimela kwithala leencwadi kwaye wayalela ukuba enze imeko yesenzo sesikolo. Ukusuka kweli nqaku, umbhali wexesha elizayo wayenomdla kwithiyetha kwaye waqala ukuphupha ngekhondo lomsebenzi.
Xa ixesha leemviwo lokugqibela lifikile, usapho lomhloli lwalusemnyango wokungafiki, kwaye endaweni yokuya kwinjongo ekujolise kuyo, uLindon kwafuneka afumane umsebenzi. Imisebenzi yentombazana ye-tenographer idityaniswa neeklasi kwi-Sydney ye-Ballet Studio, nakwixesha lakhe elikhululekileyo, iiqombi zalapha ekhaya zihlala zindwendwela, zingaphoswanga nkulu.
Enkosi kwizakhono ezifunyenwe kwizifundo zokudanisa, kwaye italente yengxolo yomntu omncinci yayinethamsanqa lalingena kwi-goupe Allan Wilki, ekhethekileyo ekuvelisweni kwe-shakespeare. Apho, i-rivenel bastrinels, ukrazula ubudlelwane nosapho lwakhe ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe, bala ifani yakhe kwaye bathabatha i-cerud pseuudn tsenda lindon travers.
Ukugweba ngefoto egciniweyo, kwiLindon yobutsha yayibubuhle, ngenxa yoko, ngo-1921, kwakamsinya nje emva kokuba i-Debitium ye-titanium kwi-Classic Perngy " Ukulala ebusuku ". Kwangelo xesha, uPamela, owayenamanqaku aliqela kwimithwalo eprintwe yincwadana yase-Australia "i-Bulletin", wagqiba kwelokuba enze imibongo kunye nokuqalisa ukubhala iindaba zalapha ekhaya.
Iincwadi
Ukwenza ileta yakho yokubhala, ootori baba lufunwa yintatheli kwaye baqala ukufumana ii-odolo kumaphephandaba nakwiimagazini zelizwe kunye neemagazini. Ikhondo lomsebenzi yobugcisa laya kwimvelaphi, kwaye ibhinqa eliselula lagqiba ekubeni lihambe kwaye lifumane iimpembelelo zeMisebenzi yokuBhala yexesha elizayo.
Ngo-1924, uPamela kwinkampani yentombazana waya eNgilani, emva koko waya eIreland, apho ngenxa yeso sizathu saqala ukufihla ubuzwe bakhe kwaye sivela khona. Kwiminyaka eliqela, uhambo lwalusebenza njengembalelwano yoshicilelo lwase-Australia kwilizwekazi kwaye lwaya kuthumela rhoqo amanqaku enzonzobila ngobomi eYurophu kwilizwe lakhe.
Abafundi baseBritane baqhelene nomsebenzi weentatheli ze-Irish Magazine, umhleli oyintloko yayinguGeorge William Russell. UPamela waba ngabahlobo kunye nomshicileli kwaye phantsi kwempembelelo yeembono zakhe zesomophical waqala ukubhala imisebenzi encinci, apho i-fantasy igqithile ngaphaya kwemida yengqondo yomntu.
Kulapho ibali lokuqala elibizwa ngokuba "yiPopin Poppins kunye nomthengisi wemidlalo", apho i-nanny elungileyo, iwele esibhakabhakeni, ngoncedo lwe-Mnus. Eli bali, iprintwe yiphepha-ndaba elanga ngoNovemba 1926, wayengaphumelelanga, kodwa umbhali wawuthathela ingqalelo umfanekiso we-porippins enamabali anesitrato esihle nge-wizard enesitrato esimnandi.
I-Deebut yokubhala yazisa uhambo kwiisangqa ze-Ireland, kwaye kungekudala umntu omaziyo omtsha yayingumdlalo ophumeleleyo kunye ne-ristist, i-william phina Umbhali wayesoloko enomdla kwelinye ilizwe kwaye akazange aphulaphule yonke igama lembongi edumileyo yaseIreland. Wandisa ulwazi lwayo nge-Celticy mythology kwaye wafunda inani elikhulu leencwadi ezinikezelwe kwiBuddhism kunye neHindu.
Ukufakelwa ngenkxaso ye-Jate kunye nabanye ababhali baseIreland, ngo-1932 Pamela wagqiba kwelokuba babhale incwadi malunga neSoviet Ruscow kwaye baqhubeka nohambo oluya eMoscow, uNizhny noVolod.
Ngexesha lohambo, uPamela wavavanya ukubona kwaye waqonda ukuba akayibonisi le nyani iRussia. Edimazekileyo le meko, intatheli ipapasha uthotho lweencoko ze-satirical eNew York phantsi kwegama "I-Moscow Uhambo" kunye nombulelo kwiziteyitimenti zeSoviet ezifumana udumo kwabafundi baseMelika.
Ukubuyela entshonalanga, iitopi zajika zajika zaba yintsomi, kwaye ngo-1934 ihlabathi lemiLwimi lesiNgesi lahlangana nokuqhubeka kwembali ye-Roppins yeMary Popins. Incwadi enemifanekiso enombala kaMariya yakhawuleza yaba yimpumelelo kwezorhwebo kwaye ithandwa. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali wayekholelwa ukuba abaphulaphuli abazange baziva ngokupheleleyo umxholo wangaphakathi womsebenzi, othathwe ngohlobo lwamabali abantwana.
Ukuqhubeka nezithethe zootitshala baseIreland - i-theosophists kunye nokushumayela izimvo ze-Esoteric, evele emva kokuhlola i-gerdji gurjeff, uPamela kuphela enza ifikeleleke kwaye inomdla kakhulu wokujonga ngeenxa zonke.
Le ngcinga ithanda umnini we-pulnere yefilimu yefilimu yefilimu, ngo-1956 ethengile ilungelo lokuziqhelanisa neencwadi zakhe ukusuka ePamela. Ifilimu, apho i-gelie andrews idlale indima yePopins, yaba ngoyena mculo zilungileyo zelo xesha kwaye wafumana amagama ama-13 atyunjiweyo kunye ne-5 yamabhaso e-American Acatographic Areas Areas Areas Africa kunye neeSayensi zeSayensi.
Ngexesha elizayo, i-Nanny-mnumny ivele kwimithambo ye-screen quinihidze, kwaye ngo-2019, uMary Poppins, waphinda waqanjwa kwakhona kwi-Oscar kwiindidi "ezifanelekileyo "Kwaye" owona mdlali weculi. "
Ubomi Buqu
I-Pamela Travers iphantse ayiniki udliwanondlebe, izama ukungazipatyebe kwiinkcukacha zobomi bakhe, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu zachazwa njengeziloveli ezininzi kunye namadoda nabafazi. Kwakukho amahemuhemu kangangokuba iminyaka emininzi umbhali wayenobudlelwane nentombi yomdlalo we-English Brancis Bernard, Madge.
Ukususela ngo-1927 ukuya ku-1934, intombi eyayihlala kwigumbi elifanayo eLondon, emva koko yafudukela empuma eSysux kwaye isuse igumbi le-ced kunye negadi.
Kwangelo xesha, uPamela wafumana iimvakalelo zePlatotic kumhlobo kunye nomcebisi uGeorge Russell, kwaye emva koko emva koko emva koko wadibana ne-Irish Plancis Mcanar. Akukho namnye kulwalamano olukhokelela emtshatweni, kunye nokulandela uhambo lwabantu abadala, bonke ubomi bakhe babephuphe ngumyeni nabantwana, bagqiba kwelokuba bathathe inxaxheba. Ngokweengcebiso ze-Astrolologer, umbhali wawumisa umzukulwana wombhali weDublin kwaye umbhali-mbali uYosefu waya.
Inomdla kukuba umntwana owamkelwa ngabantwana abathathe umntwana, ababemalunga noPamela kakuhle. Ukuthatha inkwenkwana enye, iitrato zangenisa i-calillaus, ukufihla ulwazi malunga nemvelaphi yakhe yokwenyani. Kuphela kuneminyaka eli-17 ubudala, wafumanisa ngengozi ukuba wayenomzalwana ongumthonyama.
Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba uAnthony Gen wafika eLondon kwaye kwimo yokunxila waqhekeza inkosi yombhali, efuna ukuthandana. UPamela wakhatywa ngaphandle kwesilumkiso, kodwa akazange akwazi ukufihla uNyana.
Ukuxabana nomama, umfana wemka endlwini kwaye kwenye yee-pubs ekugqibeleni waphinda wadibana namawele. Le ntlanganiso ibe ibulale i-tracks yosapho. Emva kwakhe, kwaza kwaqalisa ukusela, khwela eyunivesithi kwaye kamva waqalisa ukuphila ngendlela engeyiyo.
Intliziyo kaPamela yaphukile, kodwa enkosi kukucamngca kwaye ilandela iminqophiso yootitshala, wafumana amandla okubuyisela kwaye afundise uncwadi ngesiNgesi nakwiidyunivesithi zase-Ireland.
Ukufa
Ekupheleni kobomi bukaPamela kwaye kunqabile ukuba banxibelelane neentatheli kunye nabalandeli. Ngaphambi kokuba afe, weza nonyana ongumva, kodwa eyakhe yaqeqesha abazukulwana.
Enkosi kwiindlela zokucamngca ezanceda ekufezekiseni iMisony-Bales, oomatshini baphila besaluphala kwaye ngeminyaka engama-96 ubudala bafa ngokuzola eLondon nge-23 ka-1996. Oogqirha khange bavelise isifo esichanekileyo, kodwa kucingelwa ukuba unobangela wokufa yayikukwala ngokubanzi imisebenzi yomzimba.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1926 - "i-mary poppins kunye nomthengisi wemidlalo"
- Ngo-1934 - "Uhambo lweMoscow"
- Ngo-1934 - "I-Mary Poppins"
- Ngo-1935 - "i-mary poppins ibuyela"
- Ngo-1944 - "I-Mary Poppins ivula ucango"
- Ngo-1962 - "i-mary poppins ivela kwi-z"
- Ngo-1962 - "Impungutye emkhombeni"
- Ngo-1971 - umhlobo wenkawu
- Ngo-1980 - "Izibini ezibini izihlangu"