Imbali yomlinganiswa
I-Sobashievich ingumnini-mhlaba onikezela ngenzuzo yokuthengisa ishawari "efileyo". Umlimi uhambelana negalari yemifanekiso eyenziwe nguNikolai Vasneevich Gogol. Ekuqaleni, umbhali wacwangcisa ukwenza imiqulu emithathu yomsebenzi, etyhala ngaphandle kwe "Isihogo-iparadesi", kodwa kamva akazange avume. Ukugxeka koncwadi kusahlalutya kwaye kudityaniswe neempawu kunye neenkcazo zabalinganiswa ukuze zihlalutye umbongo.Imbali yendalo
Incwadi ethi "Imiphefumlo Efileyo" yazalwa ngokuba yi-Alexander Sergeeevich Sunkin. Kwiizezi ezikhumbuzayo, uGogol wabhala ukuba i-typkin yamshukumisela ukuba enze umsebenzi kwaye anike umbono wencaphile. Imbongi iphinda iphinde iphinde i-Buddler ibali elimnandi elivisayo, ukuba likwikhonkco eChisinau. I-Anecdot Reelling ifikelela kwi-gogol iminyaka eli-15 emva komsitho owenzekileyo. Kwakumalunga ne-boom, eyayithenga imiphefumlo efileyo evela kubanini bomhlaba ukuba bafumane imali mboleko yebhanki.
Kwelo phuculo, ezo ziganeko zazingaqhelekanga, kwaye umbono owabelwe yi-chikchikov akasetyenziswanga ngobuqhetseba omnye. Iplani kunye nemifanekiso yamagorha ibhalwa ngokweenkcukacha nangeenkcukacha, kwaye inyani yelo xesha ivumele umfundi ukuba angene kwingxelo.
Sebenza ngombongo, waqala ngo-1835, emva nje kokuba ubhale "uMphicothi zincwadi". Imbono yayingabonakali ngathi ngumbhali onomdla, ke umsebenzi wanikwa ubunzima. Ukuphelisa umdlalo kwaye ubuye kuhambo lwaseYurophu, uGogol uzame ukongeza umsebenzi. Izahluko ziphinde zabhalwa kwakhona, kwaye umsebenzi walibaziseka. Incwadi yagqitywa ngo-1841. Ukufika kwaphesheya eRussia, umbhali wazisa indalo ukuze ithathelwe ingqalelo yiKomiti yohlaza.
EMoscow, le ncwadi yaqondwa ngokungathembani, ngoko ke iGogol yacela uncedo kwiAlexander Belinsky. Umgxeki ubalaselisa umbhali, kwaye "imiphefumlo efileyo" yapapashwa eSt. Petersburg ngo-1842.
Biography
"Ukufa" komphefumlo wegorha kuyafana nalowo ubonakalisa, iPhambisi kunye nabanye bobonisa. Indlela yokuphila yamagorha ilula, kwaye ayizimisele ukuyitshintsha. Abanazo iinjongo zobomi, kunye nemiphefumlo yempethu kunye netam. Amagorha akanazo izalamane, okanye azithathi nxaxheba kubomi bentsapho. Kukho imvakalelo yokuba abanini bomhlaba babonakale ngaphandle kwendawo.
Intsingiselo yegama kunye nefani yomnini-mhlaba ngamnye ochazwe kulo msebenzi ubalulekile. Umzobo weqabane uvelelwe kwimibutho yezilwanyana. Umbhali uthelekisa i-mingaiiiiiin semenovich enebhere enkulu kwaye inamatshe iqhawe le-frak njengomthunzi. Imbono yelizwe langaphakathi yegorha liqala ngokokwazana nembonakalo yakhe.
ISobashievich Sondela kuyo yonke imiba ngokucokisekileyo kunokuba yayihlukile kubamelwane bakhe kwaye yabangela ukuhlonela uluntu. Inkcazo yeManor, ingaphakathi kunye nesimo sengqondo sokuqonda kuqoqosho ithi engeyonto. Umnini-mhlaba ufuna ukuba abacalucali babe neziseko eziphathekayo, beqonda ukuba isiphelo sepropathi yakhe sixhomekeke ikakhulu kwintlalo-ntle yeeSecus. Kule nto, ubungangamsha buxutywe nokubawa. Ngazo zonke iintsilelo zeSobevich, akunakwenzeka ukuba umbize umntu ovuthuzayo. Ukwahlula kusuka kuPalhin, ohlala elawula. Isidlo sokuphalaza ezulwini, ulonwabo, kunye nombhali-enye indlela yokugxininisa isilwanyana esiqala kwigorha.
Indoda eqinileyo yomzimba, ime ngokuqinileyo emilenzeni, i-Sobeevich kuyo yonke into ilandela i-marimalism, iyonyula into ekhethayo yokutya. Umbhali ubiza iqhawe "uKulak". Ungumntu onika inyamakazi, yehlabathi. Lo mlinganiswa unamandla omzimba, kodwa ubonakala ngathi sisidalwa esirhabaxa, servy. Unempilo entle, umzimba omkhulu nembonakalo, efana nohlobo lwamaqhawe e-Epic.
I-Sobame uSobesevich ibonakala ibonisa imvelaphi yezilwanyana. Indoda inoburharha obuqinileyo, krwada ngabantu abajikelezileyo, unemisindo "yenja". Kwangelo xesha, umnini-mhlaba wehester kwaye ufuna izibonelelo zabo kunye nokulula. Ukuchaneka kwayo kunye nokuthi rhabaxa kuyamangaliswa. I-Sobaevich ayikholelwa kuyo nayiphi na kwaye ityekele ekugwebeni abanye. Ifani yokuthetha nefani kunye nenkcazo yokubonakala kwe-hyperbollambulsize umfanekiso wayo.
I-Sobeukevich iwotshisa amagosa, kodwa imizila yayo inoluncedo kubo. Funda u-Barin akathandi kwaye uthiyikise abo bakhuthaza izilangazelelo zengqondo kunye nenkanuko yokufumana ulwazi olutsha. Kwimfundo, uSbehevich ubona amathuba akwaziyo ukushukumisa iimeko ezifanelekileyo.
"Imiphefumlo Efileyo"
I-mikhail semenovich somesevich ifanelwe ingqalelo yabafundi. Umfundi udibana naye ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-pronge. Umbhali uchaza indlu yegorha, ipropathi iyonke kwaye kuphela emva kokutyhila iimpawu zomlinganiswa wayo. Ilifa kwaye iNkosi yahlulwe ngumgangatho olungileyo, kwaye i-chicchikov izaziso kuqala ngokuthembekileyo kwezakhiwo ngokufaka ilali yaseSobesevich. Ilifa lomnini-mhlaba lalisebenza ngaphandle kokuhonjiswa okungafunekiyo kwaye lingqubana ngokupheleleyo ngendlela yakhe. Zonke iinkcukacha zihamba neqabane elihlala endlwini ziyafana kuye.
Abasebarhensi bezolile phantsi kwento eyenzekileyo umkhosi onjalo. I-satity kunye nempilo-ntle imele intsingiselo yobomi. I-Sobukevich kwincoko nge-chikchikov ibonisa ukubambe kwaye italente yakhe. Ngokukhawuleza ushiya iingcebiso, ebiza izinto ngamagama akhe, kwaye akwazi ukwenza isangqa kwi-chikikov ejikeleze umnwe wakhe.
Uluhlu lwabalingane ababemkile kumnini-mhlaba babhala ngokwabo ngokwakhe, becacisa ngokweenkcukacha ukuba ngubani obomi. Ukubala, u-Skeccker kunye nokuxinana kwabafudumele kubo. Iziphumo zentengiselwano yathandwa ngabantu bobabini abathathi-nxaxheba.
Ukukhusela
Abalawuli abaphefumlelwe yimisebenzi yoncwadi yeklasi bakhuselwa ngumsebenzi weGogol. I-knoccine yokuqala yapapashwa ngo-1909. Yayili ribbon emnyama nemhlophe chardan chardynina, apho i-Sobevich idlalwa yi-vasly stepanov.
Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka, ngo-1960, i-Leonid Trauberg ibeka ifilimu edlala kwicebo lombongo. Kumsebenzi kwiprojekthi esetyenzisiweyo isetyenziselwa umsebenzi we-Peru Mikhail Bulgakov kwaye ubhalwe ngo-1930. Kumfanekiso waseSobelaevich, amakhowa aseAlexey athetha.
UMlawuli we-Alexander Belinsky ngo-1969, wasusa itshekhi yeTV njengeencwadi. Isiqu sakho sidlalwa nguYuri Tollauyev kwimveliso.
I-Premiere yesikrini esilandelayo yabanjwa ngo-1984 ngenxa yomlawuli uMikhail Sweweinge. Ngomfanekiso waseSobelaevich, i-vgorlav yayingenatyala.
Ungcelele lweTV lweTV kwimisebenzi yeGogol yakhutshwa ngo-2005. UPavel Lungin ukhuphe iprojekthi ebizwa ngokuba "yimeko yemiphefumlo efileyo." Indima yeqabane eya eAlexander Sechchev.
Iikowuti
Abathengisi abanobuchule, uSobesevich wayengafuni ukutyhila ngemeko entle. Ukubonisa ubungakanani, wayehamba phambi kweChikchikov, esebenzisa amabinzana akhe amthandayo:
"Xa ndinenyama yengulube-masize kwitafile etafileni, imvana yegusha, i-goose - yonke i-goose!".Igorha yayingeyontloni ngamabinzana, echaza ukujonga ihlabathi lakhe kunye nokuzama ukubonisa ukuba indlela yakhe yokuphila inobuchule kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kunabanye:
"Ndizazi zonke: Ezi zi-scammers, sonke isixeko sikhona: Ubuqhetseba kwi-friedters kwi-friedters kunye nobuqhetseba buya kugxotha."Amabali athembekileyo malunga nembono yawo ayizange iphazamise iqabane lokukhwela, elijikeleze inkalipho undwendwe lujikeleze umnwe kunye nokubeka ixabiso le-serf efileyo:
"Kulungile, ungabizi kakhulu! Omnye umntu obuqhetseba uya kukukhohlisa, uya kukuthengisa kuwe inkunkuma, hayi umphefumlo; Kwaye ndinayo - ukuba lelona hlaselo lihlwempuzekileyo, konke ukukhetha: hayi inkosi, lahlukile kuyo nayiphi na indoda enempilo. "