Imbali yomlinganiswa
Owona mlinganiswa uphambili womsebenzi omangalisayo we-Alexey Tolstoy "ye-Gorin ye-Homerboloid". Injineli yaseRussia eyenze "i-hyperboloid" yindawo ye-rilogue ye-laser, isixhobo esikwaziyo ukukhupha amandla amakhulu e-thermoal. Izixhobo ezoyikisayo zokutshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza izinto. UGerin uxakekile ngombono wolawulo lwehlabathi, kwaye kangangexesha elithile umlinganiswa unokuba nguDistor eUnited States.Imbali yendalo
I-Alexey Tolstoy igqibile umsebenzi kwincwadi eyimfihlo "injineli ye-hyperboloid injineli Gartina" ngo-1927. Imbono yenoveli yeza kwindlela emdaka emva kokuncokola nomhlobo egameni le-Olenin. Uxelele umbhali malunga nophuhliso lwenjineli ethile eyasweleka ngo-1918. Le geneli ityholwa ngokwakhiwe i-aggregate efana ne-hyperboloid ecekeceke.
Ukusebenza kwinoveli, umbhali utsalelekile iingcali, umzekelo, iAsismimia uLazarev, odumileyo ngexesha le-physics. I-Tolstoy nayo yaqhelana namaxesha amahle ngeethiyori zefiziksi yemolekyuli. AMANQAKU AENZELWE NGALO MSEBENZI OWENZIWEYO KWIINGXAKI ZE-ALVENI, kwasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini enkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Umbhali wayezokubhala inoveli yamacandelo amathathu, eyokuqala ifanele ibe ngumxhasi, yesibini - owesibini, kunye nesithathu - i-utopian.
Inxalenye yokuqala yenoveli yapapashwa ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe isicatshulwa ngokupheleleyo - ngo-1925 kumagumbi amathathu ephephabhuku legazi elibomvu ". Kunyaka emva koko, inxalenye yesibini yenoveli yapapashwa kwimagazini enye. NgoFebruwari 1927, iTolstoy yapapasha inguqulelo entsha yesiphelo senoveli, eyayinomxholo othi "Gerin-DictAtor" eRed Novi.
UTolstoy wayeza kupapasha kwijenali kunye nenxalenye yesithathu yenoveli eyayithetha neGardina, kodwa engazange abhale. Umbhali utshoba isicwangciso sesithathu sehlobo le-1924. Kwacingelwa ukuba ixesha lokuseta liza kuba sezona nexesha elizayo - 1930, imvelaphi sisiqalo semfazwe yesibini yehlabathi, kwaye yonke into imele iphele kuhlaziyo lwaseYurophu.
Nangona kunjalo, le mbono ayizange iphunyezwe. Isikhokelo senoveli, ngokongezwa, sibhaliwe eTolstoy, sahluke kakhulu kwisicwangciso sokuqala. Emva kokugqiba isicatshulwa, umbhali uqhubekile nokuhlela inoveli. Ngo-1934, uTolstoy wenza utshintsho kwisitayile kwaye wayiphosa inxenye yezahluko ezivela kwisicatshulwa, kwaye inxalenye incitshisiwe.
Emva kwenye iminyaka emibini, inoveli kwakufuneka iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde isebenze phantsi kwabantwana kwaye ikhuphe "abantu abadala". Ngo-1937, umbhali waphinda wavumela isicatshulwa kwaye kubandakanya izahluko ezitsha kwinoveli, "zongeza kwindawo yokuqala yokugqibela,". Iindidi zeTylistics zamva nje zenziwa ngo-1939, emva koko iindawo ezithile eziphoswe zabuyiselwa.
"I-Garperbolodid's Hyperboloid"
Ngokweyelenqe, uPeter Gerin uyila izixhobo, ezibiza "i-hyperboid" usebenzisa utitshala kaNikolay Manseva Manseva Manseva Manseva Manseva Manseva Manseva. I-Mattera ngokwakhe yayiyingcali yegexo kwaye yafa ngexesha lohambo e-Taiga. Ngezixhobo zolu khuphiswano lwe-gin kwaye bakwazi ukwakha isiseko sethiyori ye-Adventures, eyathi yakhulelwa.
IGerin ifumana iqabane elimelwe kukuntywila - I-Billionaire yaseMelika, eyimali kunye nezomzi-mveliso. Usebenzisa i-hyperbolodid, i-Gerin icime ebusweni bezityalo zomhlaba ukuba zikhuphiswe kukhuphiswano lwaseJamani. Ibhiliyoni inika iqhawe lemali esetyenziswayo ukubamba isiqithi kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki. Kweli siqithi, iqhawe lamkelwe ukufunxa igolide. Amandla e-hyperbolodid inika i-gin ukuba iqhekeze izibilini zomhlaba, ezazingafikeleleki. Ngenxa yoko, iqhawe lifumana ukufikelela kwiidipozithi zegolide ezingenakuchaphazeleka.
Ngenxa ye-Disvistoribs, uGarn uguqukela ekubeni ajonge phantsi komgangatho wegolide, kunye nehlabathi "lasentshona" lintywiliselwa kwintlekele enkulu. Ukusebenzisa le meko, uGegin uthenge amashishini amakhulu emizi-mveliso eUnited States kwaye ekugqibeleni afumane impembelelo enjalo ingu-dabi.
Iqhawe lithatha igama elitsha - i-pierre harry, kodwa ixesha elide ukulawula iAmerica Gorin Garrin ayiwawi ithuba. Iarhente yeSoviet State valily Shelda, kunye neqela leenguqu, zithimba i-hyperboloid, ekwigunya le-garpina. Ukulandela oku, kukho imvukelo yendalo iphela yabasebenzi.
Ukukhusela
Ngo-1965, ifilimu yesayensi yefilimu "injineli ye-hyperboloid ye-hyperbolodid gin" ikhutshwe kwiSikolo saseGardy ye-Garperboloid ye-Garperbow eMoscow esekwe kwi-Alexei Torman Alexei Tolstoy. Indima yeGartin yayiphethe i-actogeny i-evstigneev, kwaye uAlexander Ginzburg waba nguMlawuli wefilimu. Ukugxekwa kwe-voviet amaxesha eSoviet vsevod i-Revich ichaze ifilimu "i-adventure i-adventure enentanda-bulumko ye-Overficial". Abanye abagxeki bagxile kwinto yokuba i-gagin emnyama nemhlophe "yadutyulwa kwi-aesthetics yefilimu yaseAmerican" Noir "kunye nengaqhelekanga kwaye inomdla ukusuka kwindawo ebonakalayo.
Ngo-1973, i-mini-righ ye-mini-rinta Gardi Garsina injini "ne-Oleg Boricov yapapashwa kwi-Lenfilm filio. UMlawuli weFilimu - uLeonid Wixeihidze. Abadali befilimu bashiya i-antioticpias ye-antiotic ye-bioticpias edalwe nguTolstoy. Abalinganiswa beefilimu babonakaliswa " I-Gorin evela kwi-fantics enezicwangciso ezimnandi zijika umntu ofuna ukuphucula kuphela. UZoya, inkosikazi kaGarina, evela kubathengisi be-AdventureIm, enza i-scope, ijika ibe linenekazi elothusayo.
Kwifilimu uninzi lokuphambuka kwicebo lenoveli. Umzekelo, umlinganiswa wetshaja kwincwadi idlala indima encinci. Kwifilimu, lo mntu ubonakaliswa yiarhente yombutho othile wama-Mascist, ohlala echaphazela okwenzekayo. Kwangelo xesha, ubudlelwane babalinganiswa abaziintloko badluliselwa ngepilimu kwifilimu.
Vasily Shelda kwigosa le-Roman-Igosa lophando lolwaphulo-mthetho ePetrograd kunye nearhente yaseSoviet, ebiyelwe kwifowuni ye-progarian. Kwifilimu, eli gorha lajika laba yi-novice firsics, elibandakanyekayo kwi-injini ye-Gartina ukusuka kwezinye izinto eziguqukayo kunye nokuthanda ukwaziwa kwesayensi, kwaye akunjalo.
Kwakhona, akukho minyhadala yehlabathi ichazwe kwinoveli, imbandezelo yehlabathi, ilungelelaniswe nguGarlin, inkcaso yomlinganiswa ophambili kunye neValdal Shelsa, ihlazo lehlabathi, njalo njalo. I-hyperboloid ngokwayo ikwifilimu ayifani nezixhobo ezichazwe kwinoveli.