Biography
Kwinkcubeko ye-bashkiria, umfanekiso we-salavat iulaeva malunga ne-Russia-inani le-ilya mhle mhle. Umbutho odibene noPheudvava, umfana othile, owayeveliswa kwii-bhigadeers zemikhosi yakhe kwiminyaka engama-20, yayingengomntu wembali kuphela, kodwa nebali. Nangona i-battyr kunye nembongi yalwa iminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 kwaye wadibana naye eKorintega, ngaphandle kwakhe, inkcubeko ye-Bashkir yayingajonga ngokwahlukileyo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Akukho datha ichanekileyo yamaxwebhu kwi-biography yakuqala ye-Salavat Yulaeva. Umhla wokuzalwa nge-16 kaJuni, 1754 yasekwa kwangamazwi akhe xa wayephanga imibuzo: Kwi-1775, iPugachev, ukukhutshwa kwemfihlo kweSenethi ulwazi oluyimfihlo ukuba uneminyaka engama-21 ubudala. Njengenyanga kunye nosuku emva koko baqalisa ukusebenzisa embindini wonyaka. I-HOVe yexesha elizayo yazalwa kwilali yaseTekevo Shaitan-Kudevskaya yePhondo lePhondo. Ngoku le ndawo yokuhlala ayikho - ilali itshabalalisile imikhosi karhulumente xa icinezela umphakamo wePugachev.
USalavat weza kwintsapho ehlonitshwayo: utata wakhe wakhonza ngumphathi-khulu waseMkhosi waseRussia, kamva wamiselwa ngumdala wevotist. U-Yulay Aznalin wayelijoni elilungileyo kwaye ngexesha lephulo lePolish nxamnye nabaxhasi be-bark confederation ifumene isibhengezo esincinci somkhosi njengembasa. Emva koko, ngo-1773, le ndoda yadlulisela isibhengezo sesalavati, awayengekho ngutata wakhe wayithatha intloko yomdala.
UJulay Aznalin wayengafundanga, kodwa unyana wakhe wanika ithuba lokufunda. Ayiziwa kanye apho isalava: mhlawumbi kwizikolo zamaSilamsi, mhlawumbi zivela kubafundisi-ntsapho babucala. Nangona kunjalo, le ndoda isenziwa ngokufunda nokubhala, yazisa ulwimi lwangaseTurks, kwaye akazange azive ngobunzima baseRussia. KuTata, lo mfana wayenomdla wokunqwenela ubulungisa kunye nothando kwilizwe lakhe kunye nabantu bakhe. Emva koko, yayiyindoda encinci kwicala labavukeli kwaye yagqiba kwelokuba ithathe isigqibo sakhe.
Imfazwe yemfazwe kwaye inyuka
Xa uEmelid ePugichev waphakamisa ivutha kwaye waqalisa imfazwe, abaxhasi bakhe abaxhasi bakhe bekhokelela kwimikhosi ye-bashkir. Ngenxa yoko, nge-10 kaNovemba 1773, uSalavat Julaev, kunye nothintelo lwe-1,200, bengayichasanga imikhosi yexabiso "likaPeter III", yaya kwicala lakhe. Utata wegorha yexesha elizayo wenza.Lo mfana wayekholelwa ngokunyaniseka kwinyaniso ye-Royal yasePughedv kunye nemfazwe 'yemithetho yakhe, ngokokuba i-bashkiram yakhala kwelokholo lwesisu. Ngexesha lokuncinwa, uSawule wathi amahemuhemu afikelele kuye ngokungcwatywa "" onguMongami ", kodwa umvukeli" kodwa umvukeli "akazange akholelwe.
Ukususela phakathi kuDisemba ukuya phakathi kuDisemba, kunye nabanye abavukeli, umfana othathe inxaxheba kwiimfazwe, ngexesha awayelinxunguphalo, wambonisa umlo onesibindi: UPhacufudV wambulela uChin Coloneli. Inyanga kwiZiko leBerd yayiyeyokuya emkhosini we-Salavat yomkhosi kunye neMibono: Wafumana amava okulwa kunye nokuqonda kokugqibela, ngoba kutheni kwaye kutheni abantu bekufuna lo mvukelo.
Ukususela nge-17 kaDisemba ukuya kuJanuwari 1774, uSalavat wayehlala emantla-ntshona eBahlkiria, apho wayedlala khona, njengendawo ye-imericy yomkhosi. Uqokelele ukutshata kwe-800 inkywa-mali engama-800, kwaye i-tarching yathunyelwa-ukongeza kwi-Bashkir, eMishary, Chuvashi, amaTatars alwa kwi-Rebel Reber. Ixesha elingaphezulu, abavukeli ngakumbi abakwimimandla ye-bashkir bangena kubantu baSalavat. NgoMatshi, umfana, ongekaphule i-12 ka-Deden, waba yimfazwe enzulu.
NgoJanuwari, uJanueds's Prophechev watshutshiswa yi-Salavat Yulaeva etyhola i-Kungur - ukuzama ukuthethelelwa ngoxolo, kwaye kwagqitywa kwelokuba athathe iziko lolawulo le-Urals ngamandla. Nangona kunjalo, impumelelo yabavukeli ayizange ifezekisile: Abaphathi abaswele amava okubamba, kwaye ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ubugcisa bemikhosi yePugachev babebuthathaka. I-Salavat edabini ifumene ukwenzakala okunzima, kodwa ngoFebruwari wabuya ukuya kusebenza kwaye ephindaphindwe kaninzi kunye nemikhosi ye-Alexei Obernixhasiov kunye ne-Alexey Papava.
Ukubuyela eBahlkiria, inkokeli yasemkhosini yathatha indawo yokugcwalisa imikhosi yomkhosi we-Emelyly Pugnec, eyayisiya kwinqaba ye-magnetic. Amahashe aseSakavat ngokwakhe wayesele eneminyaka engama-4 yamawaka ngeli xesha, kwaye entloko yeqela, umfana othile wawuchasa i-colonel uvan miken miken. NgoMeyi, abachasi badibana kathathu kwiimfazwe, kwaye uMishelson onamava wavuma ukuba imikhosi yotshaba yayilungiselelwe ngokugqibeleleyo, kwaye umphathi wabo waguquka ukuba abe yimfazwe enobuchule.
NgoJuni 1774, uqhagamshelo lukaSalivat lwangena kwimikhosi kaPugachev yePugachev, kwaye abavukeli balwa nabantu uMichelson. I-Lieutenant Colonel yaxelwa kamva ukuba utshaba lwalusasazwa, kodwa iVanovich ivanovich ikhunjulwa ngexesha lokuncinwa, abakwazanga ukoyisana nge-micson, xa bephalala. Nge-5 kaJuni, iPugachev yonyule i-Salamat YulanaEva imikhosi yaseShigadier, kwaye utata wakhe waba nguCataman ophambili kwaye ebandakanyeka kwimicimbi yaseburhulumenteni kwinkqubo yaseSiberia.
Emva kokuba emfazweni, uPugachev wafudukela eKazan, kwaye uBrigadier wafumana emva nje koko wenzakele kakhulu, wathunyelwa kwiphondo le-UFA. Apho, salavat saphinda sazibandakanya ekusekweni kwemikhosi, kwaye sathatha ulawulo malunga nexabiso eliphantsi phakathi kwe-Yekaternburg nase-UFA-yayiyindawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngo-Agasti, umkhosi womkhosi we-bigachedier wafudukela e-Ufa, nangona kunjalo, nangona uhlaselo belucwangcisiwe ngokucacileyo, bekungakwenzi ukuba kuthathe isixeko-umkhosi waseburhulumenteni wajika waba yingcali kunabaqeqeshi.
Ngaphakathi ngoSeptemba, ishishini labavukeli laba libi - imikhosi kaPugachev yabetha, kwaye ithethwe ngu-Ivan Karpovich RylesEv ithunyelwe kwi-UFHAKIR evela kwi-UFHAKIR evela kwi-UFHAKIR kwi-AFKIR kwi-AFKIR evela kwi-AFKISE. I-Lieutenant Colonel yeRyleev kabini umkhosi we-Salavat, kodwa nasemva kokuba intshabalalo yamandla aphambili, wala ukunikezela.
Imikhosi yakhe ikwazile ukujamelana ne-Bashkidier Bigadier kunye nentsalela yemikhosi yakhe kuphela ekupheleni kwe-Akreen: NgoNovemba 25, 1774 abavukeli baphulwe kwiNtaba yeKarantu. I-Yesalavat Yulaev yabanjwa, kwaye utata wakhe ngokuzimela wazisa le ndoda kwaye ngokuzithandela inikezelwe kwilungelo lokugcina.
Indalo
Abantu bexesha elide babesazi i-Salavat Yulaeva kungekuphela nje njengomlo, kodwa kunye nembongi iphuculwe. Izenzo zakhe zanikelwa kumhlaba wabo wokuzalwa, abantu, inkolo kunye nokholo-yonke into eyayiyinto yobomi. Kude kube iintsuku zethu, umsebenzi onyanisekileyo kaSawule akazange eze. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqiniseke ngokuchaneka ukuba imigca namhlanje ibizwa ngokuba ziivesi, eneneni zabhalwa ngqo kwi-Salavat Yulaev, kwaye ayinxalenye ye-bashkir folk. Nangona kunjalo, yena ngokwakhe waba yimibongo - umfanekiso we-Battyr Sauuuate waba ngumfanekiso ophambili weseti yesampulu yomlomo nange-bashkir yobuchule.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngokwamaxwebhu, uSalavat wayenabafazi aba-3, kwaye omnye umtshato yayililithuba - iqabane lakhe kunye nabantwana bakhe bayifumana njengelifa umntakwabo omdala. Abantwana bakaPugachev babene-2 ezimbini. Amagama athi ngqo kubafazi bakaSalavat ayaziwa, kodwa kukho iingcinga ukuba igama lazo langu-Amina, i-Zulech kunye neBurabic.
Kwiintsomi malunga nobomi bobuqu yembongi, i-Ekaterina ethandekayo yaseRussia Mikhailovna ngamanye amaxesha ikhankanya, ngubani owazala unyana. Akukho bungqina buchongiweyo. Mhlawumbi icebo laqalwa ukuba ligxininise umlinganiso olinganayo wegorha kuzo zonke izizwe.
Kwenzeka ntoni kwintsapho ye-Salavat emva kokubanjwa kunye nokugwetywa kweRoseman, ayaziwa. Kwanangaphambi kokuba ibanjwe, abafazi bakhe kunye nabantwana bahluthiswa kwaye baziswa e-Ufa, kodwa okungaphaya kokukhawuleza kwabo akukhankanywa naphi na.
Enye imfihlakalo ye-Salavat Yulaeva yimbonakalo yakhe. Imvukelo yaphinda yachazwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimifanekiso, kodwa ziziqhamo zamagcisa antsomi. Lonke ulwazi malunga nokuba i-Bashkir Pugacher Pugakir ixhaswe, ikwi-ofisi yephondo yephondo ye-WOFI kwi-TARTARTE. Ngokutsho kwakhe, Salavat Yulaevv Iminyaka engama-21 ibiphakathi kuloo minyaka yokukhula-malunga ne-162 cm, yayinama amehlo amnyama kunye neenwele, etyhutywe kunye nesikhafu kwi-cheek yasekhohlo.
I-KOMERTGA NOKUFA
Emva kophando lweentsuku ezininzi, nge-15 kaJulayi 15, 1775, Salavat Julaev kunye ne-Yulay Aznalin bagwetywa ngokwemohlwayo yenyama kunye ne-Katheritga engapheliyo. Utata nonyana bafumana i-175 ye-Shop. Le nxalenye yesohlwayo yahlulwa: Amadoda afumene i-25 yokubetha kwindawo nganye apho kuqhutywa khona umlo. Emva koko, uSalavatu noJulia batyhafisa impumlo kwaye babeka imiqondiso ngohlobo loonobumba "," b "kunye" no "Burim", "UCIVE" kunye "noTrati" kunye "noTrati" kunye "noTrati" kunye "noTrati" kunye "noTrati" kunye "noTrati" "
Ngaphambi kokuba athumele kwi-katerga, yaqonda ukuba uMgwebi Pertov wasebenza ngendlela engeyiyo: Zombini izaphuli-mthetho azizibandakanyi, kwaye uYella wayenebala. I-Sulova yamohlwaywa, kwaye iimpumlo ezinomdla zityhilwe ziinkolelo, amathuko alungiswa kwaye kuphela emva kokuba ethunyelwe kwi-baltorga, kwinqaba ye-baltvik.
Idatha malunga nendlela uSalavat Yulaev wayesebenza isigwebo, hayi. Ngokutsho koluhlu lwezinto eziqinisekileyo zikaMeyi 19, 1797, yaziwa ukuba uJulay Aznalin wayekwimeko enkulu ngenxa yobudala kunye neminyaka engama-45 ubudala ohlwayelwe ukuba sempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ngoSeptemba 26, 1800, Salavat Yulaev wasweleka. Unobangela wokufa uhlala ungaziwa.
Imemori
- I-Opera "I-Salavat Yulaev"
- I-Ballet "Intaba I-Eagle"
- Ifilimu "Sasavat Yulaev"
- Ilitye-i-bist ye-Popper e-Padiskki, estonia
- Ilitye lesikhumbuzo kwi-Salavatu Yulaev in Ufa, Russia
- Imyuziyam ye-Salavat Yulaeva kwidolophu yaseSalamatky yesithili saseBashkortostan