Biography
UCharles de, inkokeli yentshukumo yokunyangeka, wayenomdla kwiMicimbi yasemkhosini ebuntwaneni, ebutsheni bakhe, i-Imfana, i-MITSOO YAMDLALO, ifundise ukuba yidabi. Ngeendlela ezininzi, ngenxa yokcocwa kwakhe kunye nobuchule bokufunda utshaba, iFrance yakhululwa kwingcinezelo yeJamani yamaNazi ngo-1944. Ngoku uDe Gaullele ngumbono omkhulu wembali emi kumqolo omnye ngeNapoleon i.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UCharles Andre Joseph uMarie De De Deullele wazalelwa ngoNovemba 22, 1890 kwiFrench Lille. Okwesithathu kubantwana abahlanu oonjingalwazi kunye nembali kaHenri de Gaullele noZhanna (kwi-Majo's enkulu), iintombi zabangenazo abazizityebi.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyAbantakwabo noodade bakaTata bakaTata babezibambile abazalwana bakhe abathathu noodadewabo: Uxelele ngembali kaFrance, wakhuthaza umdla wabantwana kwiifilosofi kunye neklasi. Umama obuthathaka, oxelele indlela awayebila ngayo ngexesha lokunikezela ngexesha lo hlaselo lweFrance phambi kwamaJamani ngo-1870, watyhilela uCharles kwi-ARTER yemfazwe.
Sele kwi-10, uCharles wafunda uncwadi lwabantu abadala: Imbali ye-piesors henri bergsson, irightrich nietzsche, i-Itanuel kant, plato. UCharles oselula waphupha ngempindezelo kwiJamani kangange-1870. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-15 ubudala, inkwenkwana yabhala isincoko "genele genele," zazisa ngumlawuli wemikhosi yaseFransi eya koyisa.
Inkonzo yezelizwe
Intsebenzo elungileyo kwiColèghge Standas eParis inikezwe indawo kwiNdawo ekhethekileyo yasemkhosini yasemkhosini ngo-1909. Kutshiwo ukuba le ndoda iselula ixhonywe kumlondolozi wombhali okanye umbhali-mbali, kodwa ukhethe indlela eyahlukileyo yokukholisa uBawo. Emva kwexesha "kwimemori yasemkhosini" uDe Gaulley wabhala:
"Ukungena kwindawo yomkhosi ngowona msitho ubalaseleyo kwibhayiloji yam."Umfana wakhonza kwi-33iderry yolawulo lwentsana engama-33 yomkhosi waseFrance - isahlulo esithabatha inxaxheba kwiimfazwe phantsi kweBorodino, i-Austertz, iVagram yedabi. Wayalela uPhilippe Penten, owaba ngumcebisi u-daullele kule minyaka ili-15 izayo.
Ngo-Agasti ka-1914, imfazwe yehlabathi yokuqala yeza eFransi. I-33intreyment yeNkulumbu-engama-33 ye-33 yaphoswa kwibukrelekrele kwiSixeko saseBelgian saseBelgian saseDynan. Iintsuku ezintathu emva kokungena edabini kunye namaJamani de daullele esenzakala edolweni. Okwesibini, ibhulethini yawela ngasekhohlo. Inyaniso enomdla: Igazi lawosulelekile, isandla siyaphuculwa, ke uCharles Bonke ubomi bakhe banyanzelwa ukuba banxibe umsesane womtshato ngasekunene kwakhe.
Ngexesha lokwenzakala kwesithathu, uDe Gaulele waphulukana nokwazi kwaye wabamba amaJamani kangangeenyanga ezingama-32. Uzamile ukuqhuba izihlandlo ezi-5: ezifihliweyo kwibhasikithi yokuhlambela, bemba umjelo eludongeni, waze wazinikela noomongikazi. Lo mfo waphulukana nethemba kwingcinga yokuba imfazwe ihamba ngenxaxheba yakhe. Uloyiso lukaDe Gaullele luyenzeka nokubanjwa, kwaye ngoDisemba 1, 1918 ekhaya.
Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala, uDe Gaullele wayalela iPoland i-Polish i-Polish eNeards neRussia ngo-1919121, wafunda intetho kumaqhinga, wabhala imisebenzi yasemkhosini. Ukususela ngoSeptemba 1927, wanyulwa i-nqubter ye-19 ye-19 ye-19 ye-Elite i-LEFFAM uMkhosi.
UCharles wayekholelwa ukuba unokufumana uloyiso ngoncedo lweetanki kunye neetanki ezikhawulezayo. Ngo-1934, indoda yakhululeka "umkhosi" ("i-L'Armée de Métier"), apho wacebisa ukuba kulungiswe impumelelo yendlela yentsana. UDe Gallle wacela ukuba angayiphumelela imfazwe ngamawaka ali-100 amawaka kunye neetanki ezi-3. Ngorhatya lwemfazwe yehlabathi yesibini, umFrentshi wamisela umphathi-mkhosi we-80 "imiphunga" yeetanki, awayebiza "uthuli".
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyI-Star Tim ifike kwi-deves ngo-1940. Nge-10 kaMeyi, iJamani yabhengeza iYurophu yaseYurophu, ngoMeyi 15 waqhekeza iSedan. ICandelo leCharles yayikukuwisa ixesha. Nge-17 kaMeyi, umphathi-mkhosi waphulukana neetanki ezingama-23 kwezingama-90, kuba loo mni olandelayo amandla ayo afikelela kwi-150 yeeyunithi zetekhnoloji. I-Fierces De Gaullele inyanzela amaJamani ixesha elide ukubuyela kwi-comono. Ngomhla wamashumi amabini anesibhozo ku-charles kaCharles obizwa ngokuba yi-Jikelele.
Urhulumente waseFransi akazange ayifune imfazwe. Ngokudibeneyo noWinston Churchill, inkulumbuso ye-Great Great Britain, abasemagunyeni beRiphabliki benza i-truce ngeJamani. Ungafuni ukolula isandla sakho kwiintshaba zakho, nge-18 kaJuni, ngo-1940 u-Gaullele ngaphesheya kweBritane irediyo ebizelwe abantu baseFrance ukuba benze intshukumo yokuxhathisa. Nge-22 kaJuni, iFrance neJamani basayine i-truce.
Umsebenzi wezopolitiko
EFrance, kusekwe i-vichy, ngamanye amagama - umsebenzi. I-Winston Church iqonde ukuba umntu othile unokwaphula iringi njenge-De Gaullele. Nge-24 kaJuni, iBrimerish Primeritane yavuma ukuba uDe Gaulle "iNtloko yeFrentshi yasimahla kwaye wayalelwa ukuba anike indlela ekhuselekileyo yokungena eFrance.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyKanye ngonyaka, nge-22 kaJuni, 1941, uDe Gauller wahlengahlengisa unxibelelwano noJoseph Stalin, i-genessimimus ye-USSR. Uxhase i-Frenchman "emoyeni": I-Union De Gaullele kunye neStalin zikhokelela ekudalweni kwe-quarder "kaNormandy-neman". Le nqwelo moya idlale indima ephambili kumlo wokulwa nolwandiso lweHitler.
Ngo-1944, uDe Gaullele wadibana kwigorha elizikhululwe yiParis: Wayechazwa yinkululeko yeFransi awayekuyo. Ngo-Agasti wonyaka omnye, uCharles wakhokelela kurhulumente wexeshana.
Ilizwe elichaphazelekayo yimfazwe lifuna ukuhlengahlengiswa kwenkqubo yombuso. Phambi kokuba kubekho okuntsonkothileyo, uDe Gaullele waqhekeka: nge-20 kaJanuwari, 1945 washiya isithuba sikasihlalo worhulumente wethutyana ngenxa yembambano malunga ne-proullele malunga nomongameli we-France, kwaye uninzi lwabantu bezopolitiko baxhasa i Ulawulo lwePatala kurhulumente.
UCharles wachaza imfazwe kwiRiphabhlikhi yesine (iFrance yowe-1946-1958), yazibiza ngokuba ngumfaki sicelo kuphela kurhulumente. I-Elite yezopolitiko ayizange ive izibheno zakhe, kwaye emva koko uDeulele wahamba iminyaka emi-5 yokuhlala eKolomba-le-dzoz-i-egliz-i-egliz-i-fritdony ye-French Colony.
Apha, i-jikelele yaziwa ngokuba yiMikhosi eyaziwayo "eyaziwayo" kwimiqulu emi-3: "Fowuni", "Umanyano", "usindiso". Emva koko wacinga ngemfazwe, wazinikela kumHlume kaRhulumente, wathi iFrance mayibe sezandleni zabo, "kungenxa yokuba kuya kubakho uburhalarhume."
I-Inner De Gaullele iphelisa intlekele eFrance. Imfazwe ye-Algeria, intlupheko kunye nentswela-ngqesho ikhokele iRiphabhlikhi ukuya kumda onobungozi, kwaye ekugqibeleni ubunkokeli baguqukela kuDe Gaullele ngemfuneko "kwaye bayeke" urhulumente wentembelo yoluntu ". Ipolitiki yathetha ngonomathotholo ngesiqinisekiso esiqinisekileyo sokuba 'sikulungele ukuthatha kuwo onke amandla eRiphabliki. " Nge-1 kaJuni, 1958, uDe Gaulele wabhengezwa ngusihlalo weBhunga labaPhathiswa.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgeli xesha, iinkokheli zeFrance zamkela zonke izindululo zikaDeulele malunga nombuso ongqongqo. Walawula ukuba igunya lokulawula ilizwe kufuneka libe sezandleni zikaMongameli, onyula abalungiseleli kwaye ngaphezulu kwayo yonke inkulumbuso. Iziphoso zenziwa sisiseko soMgaqo-siseko, ngokutsho kweFrance ngoku. Ukwamkelwa koxwebhu lweLizwe loRhulumente we-1958 kunikezelwa ekuqulunweni kweRiphabhlikhi yesihlanu phantsi kobunkokeli be-De Gaullele.
Umsebenzi kaDe Gaullele wabhekiswa kuwo, okokuqala, kumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle. Ngo-1960, waphumelela eVietnam naseCambodia, ngo-1962, iAlgeria kunye namazwe angamashumi alishumi aphezulu. Kula mazwe, abemi ababemthanda iFrance bahlala, 'ngokuhla' kwimimandla enobuhlobo baseDe Gaullele banike inkxaso yeNkqutyana yeHlabathi.
Ngo-1965, iFrance iphume eNato, yenqabile ukusebenzisa idola kwizibalo zamazwe aphesheya. Eli lizwe, imali yeDiplomacy yayingumgangatho wegolide. Utshintsho lwenzekile kumgaqo-nkqubo wangaphakathi weRiphabhlikhi yesihlanu. UDe Gaullele waqinisekiswa ukuba kudalwe isixhobo esikhethekileyo senyukliya, kuba ukuba nezinto zazithetha ukuba zibe ngamandla ehlabathi. Iimvavanyo zezinto eziyingozi ziphela kuphela ngokufika kukaFrancois Mitterian ngo-1981.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgo-1965, unyaka o-7 weBhodi uDe Gaullele wasondela esiphelweni. Ukuqiniseka kubuchule bakhe, ipolitiki yanyanzelisa ekuqaliseni konyulo oluthe ngqo, oko kukuthi, ngokuvota. Intshukumo yayiyingozi: De Gaullele ifumene amanqaku angama-54%, kunye ne-45% - i-mitteraran, eyayithetha ngokugxeka okunzima kweRiphabhlikhi yesihlanu.
Ilayisi yezixhobo, ezazingafuneki ngabantu abalula, ukupheliswa kweifama ezingenamsebenzi, i-monopoly kwi-thematives, irediyo, inegalelo kwihla elibukhali ekuthandeni kwe-De Gaullele. Ezopolitiko zabizwa ngokuba "zibhabha kunye nozwilakhe ngeekhoyili." Ukuqheleka kweenzame zoDe Gaullele yonyukile. Ngendlela, ubomi bakhe babubeka emngciphekweni inani lamaxesha - 32.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNge-2 kaMeyi, ngo-1968, abafundi benza ukurhoxa kukaMongameli. Imvukelo enesidingo sokuvula i-fariolog yecawa yeDyunivesithi yaseParis, eyayivaliwe emva kokunyanzelwa okufanayo kumandla, aguqulwe kwimvukelo yesizwe. Abantu abazizigidi ezili-10 baya ezitratweni. Ukugcina ilizwe kwimfazwe yamakhaya, uMongameli wacela ukuba asinike "amandla abanzi" "ukuze" uhlaziyo "lweFrance, kodwa yintoni kanye engakhange ichaze. Isithembiso saqondwa kwi-bayonets.
Ubomi Buqu
Nge-6 ka-Epreli, ngo-1921, uIvnon Wandru waba ngumfazi wakhe uDe Gaullele. Ubomi babo bobuqu bathathe isiqingatha senkulungwane, kude kube sekufeni kukaDe Gaullele ngeminyaka yee-1970.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNge-28 kaDisemba, ngo-1921, unyana kaFilipu wazalelwa eManyano, ebizwa ngokuba nguFilipu Peten. Nge-15 kaMeyi, 1924, intombi ka-Elizabeth ivela emhlabeni, kwaye ngo-1928 uAna, obandezeleka kwi-Doloprome. Intombazana yahlala iminyaka engama-20 ubudala. Isifo sakhe senze ukuba uDe Gaullele emva koko waba ngumgcini wetrasti yesiseko sabantwana kunye nesifo sehle.
Ukurhoxa kunye nokufa
Ukuhlaziywa "kuhlaziywa ngokutsha kweSenethi kwi-senethi yoqoqosho nezentlalo, elungiselela ukuxhamla oosomashishini kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi. Kwacinge ukuba oku kuya kohlula intswela-ngqesho. Emva kokulungiswa kwi-Preferendum, uDe Gaullele waqonda ukuba ukuba isindululo asiyixhaswa, uya kuyeka. Nge-28 ka-Epreli ngo-1969, uDe Gaullele, wayefunda iziphumo, ekhwela inkulumbuso yelizwe elivela eColomle:
"Ndiyayeka ukuzalisa imisebenzi kaMongameli weRiphabhlikhi. Esi sigqibo siqala ukusebenza namhlanje emini. "
Ubomi bezopolitiko butshintshile kubukho ohlaziyiweyo kunye ne-Ivmon nenkosikazi yakhe kunye nentombi yakhe uElizabhete eIreland naseSpain. UDe Gaullele wabhala "ii-Induli zeThemba", eyayingenalo ixesha lokugqiba, lafika kude kube ngo-1962.
NgoNovemba 9, 1970, kungaphantsi kwenyanga, ngaphandle kokuphelisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80 yeminyaka, uCharles de Gaullele wasweleka. Unobangela wokufa yayingumsantsa we-aorta. Nge-12 kaNovemba, le ndoda yangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni lelali e-Colombe ecaleni kwentombi ka-Ana. Ukugweba ngefoto yengcwaba, kamva indawo yokugqibela enezihlobo zahlulahlulwa kwaye ivnonna. I-Catafalk eCharles yayiyi-eccentric yayiyinto ecekeceke kakhulu ngenqaba ende.
Imemori
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ulawulo lukaGallele yayingeyona nto ithandwayo, kodwa kwimonolo yakhe eFrance, okwesibini kwimbali (emva kweNapoleon i) ibhengeza ukulila. Ukuxela ukusweleka kuka-Ex-Umongameli, i-Georges yakhe yokuPhumelela i-Georges ithe:
"Jikelele de Gaullle, umhlolokazi waseFrance."
Igama de gaullele lithiywa libizwa emva kwesikhululo seenqwelomoya eParis, indawo apho kufakwe khona i-triumpil arch, inqwelo moya ye-atomic. Ecaleni kwamasimi e-Elysee ngo-2000 isikhumbuzo savela. Ngendlela, isikhumbuzo sesibini simi eMoscow phambi kwehotele "i-cosmos", kwaye le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba nguCharles de Gaullele.
Amabhaso
- I-lagion yembeko
- I-odolo kazwelonke "ye-pirit"
- I-odolo yenkululeko
- I-odolo yenkanyezi emnyama
- I-Royal Arbodia.
- I-orheli ye-imperiya yedada i-anama
- I-odolo ye-Anzhan Star
- I-odolo "ye-furrits kwiRiphabhlikhi yaseJamani"
- I-odolo "ye-propublic yase-Itali"
- I-Royal Vicictoria
- I-odolo yokuphindaphindwa kwePoland.
- I-odolo ye-White rose yeFinland
- I-odolo yezigidi zeendlovu kunye neambrela emhlophe
- I-odolo yoMsindisi