Imbali yomlinganiswa
Umlinganiswa "wenoveli" don don "i-mikhail sholokhiv. Umfazi womlinganiswa ophambili, i-cossack yelali yaseVeshinskaya rigoria Melekhova. Watshata umntu ongamthandiyo watshata ngokukodwa nguntando kaYise.Imbali yendalo
I-sholokhiv isebenze kwinoveli "Don Don" iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu, ukusukela ngo-1925 ukuya ku-1940. Lilonke, umbhali wadalela imiqulu emine, epapashwa ngokwahlukeneyo, njengoko umsebenzi ugqityiwe kwinye. Imiqolo yokuqala emithathu yapapashwa kwijenali yoncwadi ka-Okthobha, kwaye ivolumu yesine yapapashwa kwimagazini "ihlabathi elitsha". Kwinoveli "ethula don" Sholonokhov yafumana i-Nobel ibhaso ngo-1965.
Ekuqaleni, i-Sholookhov yayiza kubhala inoveli malunga notshintsho kwi-Don, kwaye iziganeko zaqala ukutyhilwa kwihlobo lowe-1917. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwisicatshulwa ngokukhawuleza saya esiphelweni esifileyo, kuba uSholonokhov waqonda ukuba ngaphandle kolondolozo, umfundi wenoveli akazange aqonde. Ukucinga malunga nesicatshulwa kunye nokuqokelelwa kwezixhobo eziyimfuneko emsebenzini, i-sholokhi yakho yashiya unyaka. Emva kwexesha, umbhali waqalisa ukusebenza kwasekuqaleni, kwaye impembelelo yenoveli yatshintshelwa kwiminyaka yangaphambi kwemfazwe. Emva kokukhutshwa kwe-sholokhiv yaseRoma yaya yaziwa.
"Uthule
Ukuqala kwenoveli kuwa ngo-1912, uNatalia ngeli xesha uneminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Le ntombazana yokuthenga ehlala isebenza ekhaya kwaye emasimini zibandakanyeka kumsebenzi wenaliti. I-heroine intle, ihlanjululwe kwaye iSermoraza, inenwele ezimnyama ezimnyama. I-Natalia Elide ivela ecaweni, yeva kwisithili somtshakazi othembisayo, kodwa umlingisi weqhina. I-Natalia yindlela yokuhamba rhoqo nenyaniso, ihlala ididekile. Ukusuka kumsebenzi osisigxina wesandla, i-heroine inkulu kwaye irhabaxa.
Utata wama-heroa uyi-cossack etyebileyo kaCessack Miron Korshunov. UNatalia unabantanga abatsha - iMarizka eneminyaka eli-12 ubudala kunye neGribka eneminyaka esibhozo, uBalovnitsa noPorosha, kunye noMzalwana Mityata. Utata ubhekisa kuNatalia nothando. Umsindo weqhawe uthobekile, okhankanyiweyo. UNatalia woyika ukuchasana nabantu, akaze uphakaze amazwi kwaye "angaphumi ngamandla." Ekhaya, uNatalia uyathobela kwaye ehlonipha, ekhonza utamkhulu wakhe - egcina iimpahla zakhe, sheshes, isitokhwe.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba i-karshinov yeyona ntsapho inesityebi kwifama, ezazigcina abasebenzi ngokwaneleyo, abantwana abaphikisayo apho basebenza nzima kwaye benza okuninzi. Ngenxa yoko, i-natalia ikhule ibhinqa elinobuzaza elinobuzaza okanye elingqongqo elingagungqinga 'lokuba ne-ballet', yonwaba nokuzonwabisa. I-heroine ngoxinzelelo lwezinto ezingenanto zakudala zamantombazana azivumelanisa nothando.
I-heroine iyayazi indlela yokufihla indlela entle, musa ukuba nosizi olusondeleyo kwaye ubonise ngokwakho imeko yemvakalelo yakho. Ukuba uNatalia wavutha, emva koko iyenza ngokufihlakeleyo, ethe cwaka ngenzondelelo yomyeni wakhe. UGregory ujonga inkosikazi ye "pipi" - icotha kwaye ingakhathazeki, ayinakufane inkanuko.
Nangona kunjalo, kuba i-Gregory Melechov inkqonkqoze, ngelixa i-Goom ayiziva nayiphi na imvakalelo yentombazana kwaye imbuze 'kwindawo yokuhlala' - njengomfazi waseShishini kwintsapho etyebileyo. UNatalia utshatile eGregory ngokwakhe okhethwe, engavumi nakwezinye, obalaseleyo obalaseleyo kwaye ubutyebi. UNatalia wavuma ukubuyela kwimoniyakazi kunokuqala kwelinye, kwaye abazali banika intombazana ithuba lokuba likhethe ngokwalo.
Emva komtshato, uNatalia waya kwindlu yendoda yakhe kwaye kukho imfuneko yokucaphuka abazali bakaGregory ngenxa yendalo ethuleyo kunye nokusebenza nzima. UGregory ngokwakhe ovela emfazini obandayo nozolileyo akakuvuyela kwaye ephukile inkosikazi ka-Axier, esayithanda. Ngokungafaniyo ne-axigery, iNatalia yayigqunywe kwaye ithobe ebhedini, "engalunganga" kwi-coress, ngoko ke i-grigong'ting the ichithe imbizeni yomfazi osemthethweni. "
Kuthatha ixesha elincinci emva komtshato, kwaye i-grigory iphosa uNatalia, amagqabi aye kwi-Aksinier, ahlala kuyo kwilifa le-panotiesy.
I-Natalia iyakubona ukumka kuka-Natires njengokhuselo olungasifanelanga nelingalindelekanga. I-heroine ifikile kutata wakhe oxela isenzo sendoda yakhe kwaye icela ukuba amthathe kwindlu yabazali.
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga iNatalia, akazange athuke umyeni wakhe, iqhawe aliqondi ukuba kutheni elathe wemka ngaphandle kwegama. Utata we-heroine, i-miron, unem nje intombi enomsindo kuphela ngenxa yokuba uyahlazisa phambi kwendoda engalunganga, kwaye kwangaxeshanye unyanzela ihlazo kunye ne-mirone ngokwakhe.
Kwifama emva kokuba emkile, uGregory uqalisa ukuhamba intlebendwane malunga neNatalia. Nje ukuba iqhawe lisiva incoko yabamelwane, eya kuthi ingeniswe. Ngemini enye, uNatalia uzama ukuzibulala, kodwa kuhlala kunjalo. Entanyeni ye-heroine emva kwesi siganeko sihlala sibuhlungu. Ngenxa yabahlali "abakuthisileyo", uNatalia wajika intloko "ngokufa", kodwa esengumfazi oselula kwaye onomtsalane.
Emva kweziganeko, iNatalia ivakalelwa yindlu yabazali. Ngapha koko, iqhawe lingalunganga lokujonga izalamane emva kokuzama ukuzibulala, eli bhinqa livakalelwa kukuba uhambile kubo. Ngenxa yoko, uNatalia ugqiba kwelokuba afudukele eMelekiv, abazali bakaGregory. Utata wayengafuni ukuyeka ukuya eNatalia, azama ukuhlazisa, awuphumeleze, kodwa uNatalia wahamba. Amadoda amadala athabatha iqhawe njengemvelaphi.
UNatalia uqhubeka ethemba ukuba umyeni wakhe ubuyile kuye, ugcina ukunyaniseka nokulinda iileta ezivela kuGregory, nangona engazibhalanga. Ukunamathela kweNatalia kwindoda yakhe i-sholokhiv ibiza "inja". I-Gredsus eqokelelweyo ye-heroine ayiguqukeli kwindoda yakhe, kodwa ithatha i-axier, icinge ukuba "i-rigo ebolekileyo" kwaye yaphuka ubomi bobuchwephesha.
UAxina akafumani ngaphandle kwesizathu sokuba uNatalia uthathe intanda yakhe kuye. Inyani yile yokuba uNatalia wayesazi malunga nolwalamano lothando phakathi kuka-Aksgerni ne-Grigorat, kodwa andiyikhathalelanga le qhawe. Xa uNatalia evela kwi-Aksninier ngesicelo esithi "Nika" umyeni wakhe, ubiza i-heroine "ye-violet pod."
Kodwa kamva, u-Axigna tshintsha uGregory, kwaye ubuyela kumfazi wakhe. UNatalia uziva onwabile kwaye eqalisa ukubonisa inkanuko yothando. UNatalia wazalwa ngamawele, inkwenkwe nentombazana, kwaye iqhawe libonisa abantwana. Kwiminyaka emithandathu yokusebenzisana kukaGregory, uGregory uyakhathazeka neNatalia, kwaye emva kokuba imbonakalo yabantwana iyayeka ukuphatha iqhawe ngokungazithandiyo.
Nangona kunjalo, isiphelo sesifo esingafihliweyo esiya eNatalia, kwaye emva kwexesha ubudlelwane bothando phakathi kukaGregory kunye no-Aksinhay baphinda badaba. UNatalia ukhulelwe kwakhona xa efunda ukuba umyeni ubona kwakhona ngenkosikazi yakhe. Isigulana uNatalia siyaqonda ukuba ayinakuqhubeka nokuphila ngakumbi, kwaye ayifuni kuzaliswa abantwana kwindoda engamthandiyo. Ibhinqa ligqiba kwelokuba likhuphe isisu kwaye lisasaze umyeni wakhe, lithathe abantwana liye kubazali babo kunye nabo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhupha isisu kudlula ngokungaphumeleliyo, kwaye uNatalia uyafa. Ibhayiloji ye-Tragaki igqityiwe.
Natalia Melekhova no-Aksinha Atatshova
I-Natalia ngumfazi omuhle o "kubomi bamehlo." I-heroine ilungile, inomtya ocekeceke, kodwa uNatalia waswelekelwa kunye nokubetha okuqaqambileyo kwe-axigery, eMigoria Melekhov. U-Aksinya uhlala nomyeni wakhe ecaleni kweMeleKhov. Ngenye imini, umyeni ka-Aksgerni uya kwimirhumo yasemkhosini, kwaye i-Grigory Melenokhov yakhawuleza yangqengqa kunye nothando lommelwane.
I-Axigna ngumfazi ovuthayo nonyanisekileyo ongenamdla kakhulu ukuba athethe abantu. UGregory kunye ne-Aksinhu badibanisa amandla okungena kwiimvakalelo kunye nenkalo yendalo. Kwi-Aksksier, ukuqala kobuqhetseba, iqhawe linomtsalane kumadoda, imvakalelo kunye nefreyiti. U-Aksinya usweleka, ibhulethini eyomeleleyo, kwindawo yokugqibela yaseRoma, xa amaqhawe athatyathwe phantsi kwendawo ebusuku bathunyelwa kwilali yaseMorozovskaya. Emva koko, iqhawe lintywiliselwa kuxinzelelo.
I-Natalia Gregory ayibangeli naziphi na iimvakalelo. Nasemtshatweni, iqhawe lihlawula ingqwalaselo ngakumbi kwindlela iindwendwe zibe yindlela etafileni, kunomtshakazi omncinci. Isincamathiselo kumfazi osemthethweni uvuka eGregory kuphela emva kokuba abantwana bazalwe. I-Natalia yoluka umyeni wakhe ngokuzinikela kunye nokuthantamisa, ikho kuko konke ukuthobela kunye nokuthobeka, kunye nesimo sengqondo sokuziphatha esineentloni kwaye sicocekile.
Ukukhusela
Ifilimu yokuqala yi "Dana Town" epapashwe ngo-1930. Le yifilimu emnyama emnyama nemhlophe, ifihlelwe nguMlawuli we-Olga Premozhrazhenskanskanskanskanskanskanskanskanskanskanska kunye ne-Ivan. Indima yeNatalia idlala i-raisa luzhna. Ifilimu yathunyelwa i-duen kwaye ivakalelwa kuphela ngo-1933.
Ngo-1958, idrama yomkhosi omanyene "don don" yapapashwa ngeMbamba yeZinaida Kiriyenko njengeNatalia. Ifilimu idutyulwe nguMlawuli uSergei Gerasimov kwi-maxio yefilimu yefilimu yefilimu. I-Mikhail Sholonokhov yaqala ukuphela kwetape enyukayo kwaye yaneliseka, nangona kukho ukungangqinelani phakathi kwefilimu kunye neRoma. Ngegama lemibono yemibono yembono, ezo ziqendu zasuswa kwimeko, apho "ibomvu" yabonisa inkohlakalo nokunganyaniseki, kodwa zaziyeka "iimpawu" ezingenazilwanyana.
Ngo-2006, uthotho "uthe cwaka don" ophuma kwiziqendu ezisixhenxe. Le yiprojekthi edibeneyo yaseRussia, iBritain eBritane ne-Itali, kupapashwe uthotho lwesiNgesi. Isuswe ngumlawuli weSergey Sprevirkuk. Indima yeGrigoria Melekeva izalisekisiwe i-britane Actor Rupert Everet, eyathi bayothulwa sisindululo sokudlala i-cossack kwaye ithathele ingqalelo indima enomdla, kodwa kwangaxeshanye 'ngomsebenzi. Kwinguqulo yaseRussia, indima ye-Actor enkulu i-maxim sukhanov yavakaliswa. Umfanekiso weNatalia kwi-ripper of the Postress Alemrh Scisorsek, ebizwa ngokuba yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi wakhe.
Ukudubula kolu ngcelele lwenziwa eRussia naseUkraine, kwaye uninzi lwabadlali baseRussia kwafuneka baqalele ukufunda isiNgesi. Ezo zinto zilandelayo zaxhonywa e-Itali kwiSitudiyo ye-chine. Umsebenzi ophelelwe luchungechunge lweminyaka eliqela ngenxa yobunzima bomthetho kunye nomlawuli wefa.
Ngenxa yoko, le projekthi itsalele kwaye ifakwe i-fer Pedornseuk-unyanan sergey uvamarheruk, kwaye ngo-2006 kunothotho lwayo kwizikrini. Imbono kunye necala lomkhosi kwinoveli kuluhlu lwenziwe. Imifanekiso yabasetyhini igxunyekwe - amagorha ahamba nentloko enganxibanga kwaye athwale iinwele, nale mihla ayethathwa njengento ebonakalayo.
Ngo-2015, kolunye uthotho "uthe cwaka uDon" uphume, ngelo xesha - iprojekthi yaseRussia isuka kwiziqendu ezilishumi elinesine. Olu ngcelele lususe uMlawuli we-Sergey Arlak, indima kaNatalia yenza umbambisi Dia ursulak. Ikwancitshisiwe kwicandelo lembono eliphantsi, akukho ndawo ibalulekileyo kunye namagorha ukuba baqonde iyelenqe. Ungcelele lwenziwe iibhanki ezinguDon, kwilali yase-Elansky, kwi-steppe kunye nefama encinci.