Biography
Umhlaba we-voronezh, owanika iRussia abaninzi ababhali-ukusuka kwi-Ivan Marsshak, kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane ye-19 wazisa uncwadi lwaseRussia luncwadi lwe-nueget alexey koltsov. Imisebenzi yembongi, ngamanye amaxesha ibhekisa kwi-Russian ivutha, yaba ngumva wendalo kunye neYesenin, ephefumlelweyo ukubhala iingoma kunye nothando.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UAlexey Koltsov wazalelwa ekuweni kwe-1809 kwintsapho etyebileyo yeVoronezh Proner, eyayibonakaliswa ngumsindo. Umama welungu lembongi wayene-diploma. Kwaye iVasily Petrovich koltsov, eyathi ibandakanyeke kuqoqosho lweenkomo ezincinci ecaleni kwe-don steppes kunye nezorhwebo, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe uPraskovya Ivanovna wayehlala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-75 wasinda kunyana ka-Alexei. Inani elichanekileyo labantwana abadumileyo (ke ngoko ke babiza indawo yokuhlala iKoltsov) ayaziwa.
U-Alyasha, ulikhoboka lesikolo samabanga ukuba afunde, kubonakala ngathi ungumphambukeli kwintsapho enobunkunkqele eyayingenazo iincwadi kwaye ibhekisa ekubhaleni njengento yokubhalela. Ngokuka-Belinsky, kwi-Prium yeringi yeringi, i-rudeness yayigqibezela ikratshi le-meshinansk. Emva konyaka onesiqingatha, utata wathabatha umntwana owayeyigrama kunye ne-Arithmetic Aza, esikolweni, wafumanisa ukuba uNyana woKhetho wawonele.
Imbongi yexesha elizayo yaqhubeka ibanjelwe: Ukonwabele ithala leencwadi lomhlobo, umrhwebi unyana kaVidar, kwaye wachitha imali kwiincwadi ezikhutshwe kwizilwanyana ezifungelweyo. Kwixa elizayo, umthengisi weencwadi we-voronezh we-Cashkin wanceda ukuthanda inkanuko yokufunda le ndoda. Imeko ekhethekileyo kwi-koltsov encinci ivelise ingqokelela ye-raltain ye-mpuma ye-mpuma "kunye nobusuku obunye" kunye nemibongo ye-Ivan Dmitev.
Iivesi zokuqala zika-Alexey zaqamba iminyaka eli-16. Emva koko, imibongo yaxelela uBelokinsky malunga nokothusayo okwamkela ezantsi ebusuku, xa amazwi, ebhabha entloko, ngequbuliso aqhagamshelwe kwimigca emibi. Umfundi u-Andrei Srebroky kunye noNjingalwazi weSeminezh Seminary Veliamenov, kunye nefrofer ye-Voonezh Seminary Velijaminov, yayiyimpembelelo enkulu ekumiselweni kwe-koltsov veliaring poebos phantsi kwegama lakhe.
Imibongo
Nangona imibongo ye-Alexey Koltsov malunga nendalo ihlala ibandakanya kwizicatshulwa zembongi, akukho nto ibhekiswe kubaphulaphuli abancinci emsebenzini wembongi. Imisebenzi emininzi yombhali ("Umthandazo", "ingcwaba") zizaliswe lusizi olunzulu.
Imibongo yokuqala ka-Alexey Koltsov yayixelisa umsebenzi weZhukovsky, iDelivia naseCungkin. Nangona kunjalo, ngeyona misebenzi ilungileyo, imbongi ye-prood ye-folk yemibongo ye-folk kwingoma yombhali. Ngobuchule boKoltsov, nakwiintshaba zaseRussia, umbutho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-ligament ye-ligamente ("ingca engonwabisiyo", "Ilizwe-liya"). Ayisiyonto iphambili ukuba imibongo emininzi ibe yingoma.
Owona mbongo weyona ndawo iphumelelayo ye-koltsov 'ayisiyo ingxolo yakho, rye "," kosar "kunye" ukuvuna ". Gleb Glebbovsky ujongene nombhali ngemvumi yezolimo. Imibongo ye-idle ye-kolzov, apho imvano-siphelo yayingabikho, okanye yayiyisenzi sokuqala, ibuxabisa kakhulu uMbhali wase-Evgen, othathe i-don nugget kwi-1836. Kwinkumbulo yembongi yabagxeki boncwadi, babiza ubungakanani be "ye-koltsov" ezintlanu ".
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi buka-Alexey koltsov bekrexezi.
"Khange ndifikelele ePavam, kwaye ndayibetha inkukhu" - yachaza imeko yam yembongi.Ababhali beMetropolitan, baxazululwa ngu-Alezey kwaye bafaka negalelo kwityala ezininzi le-vasily petrovich yosapho, eyayingeyonto ye-voronezh nugget.
Uthando lokuqala lwamadoda laaba yinqaba yenqaba yasekuDunya, ethathwe yintsapho yombongo kwinkonzo. Utata womfana wafumana uqhagamshelo lo Nyana kunye namaSesiya aseSowall. Emva kokuthumela uAlesha kuhambo lweshishini, i-vasily petrovich ikhuphe i-dube kwi-don cossack.
Ukubuya kwakhe, umfana wakhawuleza ukukhangela intanda-ntathu. Emva kwethuba esaziwa ngayo ukuba intombazana yafa ngokubulawa kweqabane elikhohlakeleyo. Ukulangazelela kukaDunya ephefumlelweyo Koltsov ukwenza imibongo.
Kunyaka ngaphambi kokufa, intliziyo yembongi yoyike umhlolokazi oselula waseVarvara Grigoevna Legomeev (Ogarkov). I-brunette enobuhlungu esinenwele esincinci seKoltsov sachitha umbongo "wokugqibela". Ukuba nemfesane ngentlungu yomgogo, eyathi yenziwa ngengcinga ka-Alexei ngako konke ukulunga, umbhali uchithe imali yokugqibela kuyo. Kungekudala, lo mfazi waba ngumxholo wegosa kwaye washiya i-voronezh, esulelekileyo kwi-koltsov kwi-syphilis ye-syphilis.
Ukufa
UAlexey Koltsov wasweleka eneminyaka yobudala kuKristu ekuweni konyaka we-1842. Unobangela wokufa yayikukucaphukisa isifo sephepha, kwadaniswa kukungakhathali kusapho. Utata akazange anike imali ngonyango, udade oselula waseAlice, owayelungiselela umtshato, wanyusa ukubandezeleka kwesigulo esitshayayo kunye neentombi. Imeko yeMeshchansky Imeko yePetravilo Alexei njengerhamncwa elibanjiweyo. Ngumama kuphela kunye ne-malyshev kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kombhali ovuthayo. Ityesi engcwabeni kwingcwaba kwi-voronezh necropolis iqulethwe yimpazamo ngomhla wokusweleka kwe-koltsov.
I-biography yembongi yasenza isiseko seefilimu ezimbini ze-ART - "Ingoma malunga neKoltsov" (1959) kunye "nobutsha bobutsha benkungu" (1997). Kwi-voronezh, i-don nugget yafakwa izikhumbuzo ezi-2, kwaye zangaphambili (zangaphambili zomsebenzi A. Kyui) - enye yeeliko lokuqala laseRussia ngababhali ngokubanzi.
Inyaniso enomdla: Zombini izikreyithi "esixekweni - i-custy yathunyelwa nge-180 degrees kwaye idluliselwe kwiimitha ezili-10 ezinzulu kwi-Squation, eyenziwa yi-IA Savichev, kwiminyaka engama-20 emva kokufakwa kwiSoviet Square kumdlalo weqonga elidlelayo unxibe igama lembongi.
Amagcisa (ngakumbi abantu belizwe levesi) bayaqhubeka nokwenza imizobo uAlexey Vasneevich. Njengommiselo, i-cadvas ye-levas ivelisa i-koltsov yencoko ye-koltsov kunye "nelanga le-Russia" ("intlanganiso ye-puckkov.cov; i Kwintshukumisa encinci ye-Pratel POOL ("Ulutsha lwembongi" ga goncharov; "Ukuzalwa kwengoma" i-Ithachecva), unxibelelwano lombhali osifundileyo ("Koltsov kwi-don steppes" ga goncharov).
Umbongo
- 1829 - "A.P. I-Srebbyansky "
- I-1831 - Ingoma kaPahar
- 1834 - "hayi uShumi wena, rye"
- Ngo-1835 - "i-vintage"
- 1836 - "Umthandazo"
- Ngo-1836 - "Ingcwaba"
- Ngo-1836 - "i-jicial jicial"
- Ngo-1836 - "COSAR"
- 1840 - "Ukwahlula"
- Ngo-1840- "QUKA YOKUGQIBELA"