UJohn Cabhot - Ifoto, Biolografi, ubomi bomntu, unobangela wokufa, umphandi

Biography

I-Navigator yase-Italiyane Giovanni Cabhoto, idume kwihlabathi njengoJohn Cabhot - umntu wokuqala ofike ebhankini zaseCanada. Iinkqutyana ze-cabota zithathelwa ingqalelo izifundo zaseYurophu zeYurophu yeLizwe laseMntla Merika.

Ubuntwana noLutsha

UGiovanni Cabhoto, ozelwe ngonyaka we-1450, ngoMeyi 23, wakhulelwa kwintsapho kaJulio Cabhoto nenkosikazi yakhe, kunye noMzalwan 'uPiro.

Izixeko zase-Itali zeGaet kunye ne-Caviglion-Kyasayirese zithathwa njengeyona mimandla ibonakala iyo. Ababhali-mbali bayancamathela kwinketho yokuqala, kuba kuVimba beMaeta kukho iirekhodi (zokuguqula i-1443) malunga nohlobo oluxabisekileyo lweCabhoto. Nangona kunjalo, uPedro De Aiala, umhambi wexesha elizayo, kwiileta eziya kwisithsaba seSpanish sachaza ukuba "enye i-genomez, njengeColumbus." I-Recholigline-Kyyatareza sisixeko kwiphondo laseGenoa, kunye neGata- kwiPhondo leLatina.

Kuyaziwa ukuba ethile into eyoyikayo yaseNyakatho Melika ngabantu base-Itali.

Malunga nembali kaJohn Cabota yazi kancinci. Ngo-1476, waba ngummi weRiphabhlikhi yaseVenetian, efuna okungenani iminyaka eli-15 yokuhlala esixekweni. Ngokuhambelana, usapho lwabaphandi lwaluhamba ungadlulanga umhla we-1461.

Ikamva

Ubumi be-VeCetian banika iKebotu ilungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba kurhwebo lwe-Maritime, kuquka uLwandle lweMeditera. Ubugcisa benza i-savvy yase-Itali e-Itali ekwazini kwempahla yeMpuma - iziqholo kunye nesilika. Ngokuthembisa ezivela kuma-Arabhu, i-kabot yayinomdla apho iziqholo zivela khona. Ukusuka kwiimpendulo ze-FOGGG, indoda yagqiba kwelokuba indawo yokuzalwa kweziqholo yiIndiya. Umnqweno wokutyelela eli lizwe kunye nekhabota ephefumlelweyo ye-cabota ye-adventures.

Izibakala zobomi bobuqu kaJohn Cabota zaziwa ngokuba yiNkcukacha eziBalulekileyo. Ke, ngo-1484, umphandi otshatele uMattei kwaye wayenabantwana ababini. Lilonke, oonyana abathathu bakhuselwa entsatsheni - uLouis, eSanto nase-Sebastian Cabhot. Kunye noyise, bahamba ihlabathi.

NgoNovemba 5, 1488, uJohn Kabot washiya i-vaice i-vaice okanye i-valencia. Abaphandi bade bazama ukubanjwa, ukunxibelelana noncedo lwabasemagunyeni, kodwa eSpeyin bakurhoxisa imibuzo, akukho mntu wachaphazeleka ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukuba eValencia, uJohn Cabot Monatalyha (ngoko umhambi ukhankanywe kumaxwebhu engingqi) wacebisa isicwangciso sokuphucula izibuko, elalilahliwe. Ebutsheni be-1494, indoda ifudukele eSeville, apho wasebenza khona ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho yelitye kulowo wonke umlambo weGuadalAIvir River. Iprojekthi yashiywa sisigqibo sabasemagunyeni ngoDisemba walo nyaka.

Emva kwenani lokusilela kwicandelo lenjineli ye-Kabot ekhunjulwa nguLwandle. Wacela abasemagunyeni eSeville naseLisbon ukuba babe negalelo kwintlangano yohambo kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki. Ngaphandle kokufumana impendulo, indoda embi nge-1495 ibhenele kurhulumente waseNgilani. Ukuqalisa inkxaso, i-giovanni caboto yajoyina ubumi base-English, ukuba nguJohn Cabot.

Uhambo kunye noPhando

Ngo-1480, uJohn Kabot, owayengumrhwebi, wacela ukuba amagunya eBristol Kations ukuba aqokelele iBrazil ephezulu, ephantsi kwe-celtic mythology, enobunzulu oLwandle lweAtlantiki. Esi siqithi satsala imipu yomthi womthi waseBrazil, apho bekunokwenzeka ukuba ifumane idayi ebomvu ebomvu. Impumelelo yolu hambo yayiza kuzisa uhlobo oluthile ubutyebi kwi-cabota, kodwa nceda ukhumbule.

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Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, umbhali-mbali waseBritane uElvin Raddok wapapasha amaxwebhu, ngoko uJohn Kabot ngoJuni 1495 wafika eLondon yemvume yokwenza ukuphuma phantsi kweflegi yesiNgesi. Omnye wabahambi bakhe wayenguyise kaGiovanni Antonio de zekhabhoni, onolwalamano oluhle kunye neyadi yasebukhosini, wazisa i-Henry VIIR.

Ngo-Matshi 1496, iKabot ifumene imali mboleko kwiBhanki yeFlorence, nangona uninzi lweemali eziyimfuneko ukuqubha, kodwa akuzange kuvale umbuzo wokuxhasa ngemali. Kwangelo xesha, uHeinrich VII wanika umkhweli ukuba "abhukude kuwo onke amalungu, imimandla kunye nonxweme lwe-East, entshona nasemantla e-Earlin kunye neeflegi." Olu xwebhu lubonise ukuba ihambo ye-Kabota kufuneka iqale kwi-bristol, kwaye izinto ezifunyenwe kuhambo zaba yipropathi yaseNgilani.

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Ngokufanelekileyo, ngehlobo le-1496, uJohn Kabot wenza ukuqubha okokuqala. Umda woPhando, indlela kunye nenjongo yokuhamba ayaziwa. Mhlawumbi i-Itali yayisempilweni ukuba ifikelele elunxwemeni lweBrazil ephezulu. Into kuphela ebonisa inyani yohambo yileta ye-ristol yomthengisi uJohn Daia ukuya kwiNavistopher Colototopher Colototopher Doumbus Datd kubusika be-1497. Uninzi lomthengisi luchaze uhambo lwesibini lwe-cabota, kodwa kukho olu lwazi:

"Uye kwinqanawa enye eneqela elingafumanekiyo, embindini wendlela eshiyekileyo ngaphandle kolondolozo kwaye wabaleka kwimozulu embi, ke ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndibuye umva."

Iphulo elilandelayo leCabhot lithathe ngo-1497. Malunga nohambo lwaziwa ikakhulu kwi-ristol chronicle. Ngokwalo, nge-24 kaJuni, "umhlaba waseMelika wafunyanwa ngabarhwebi baseBristol." Inqanawa "Matke", ebizelwe emva kokuba iqabane lomphandi le-Mattei, laphuma kwizibuko nge-2 kaMeyi ASTALS ASTALS ASTARD AMA-Agasti 6.

Izibakala ezinomdla ezivela kuhambo oluvulekileyo kwiileta zikaJohn Daia, othi, ngokuthetha kwababhali-mbali, yayikwiMateyu. Umrhwebi ubonakalisa ukuba inqanawa ichithe iintsuku ezingama-35 kulwandle oluvulekileyo. Emva koko, malunga nenyanga ye-cabot azinikele ekufundeni uSushi, ukutyhubela ukuya eBrazil ephezulu. Indlela yokubuyela yathatha iintsuku ezili-15.

Ngomntwana wokuqala weKabhost wabhengeza uMhlaba ukuba abe ngukumkani wesiNgesi. Indawo efikayo yexesha elide yayingumxholo weembambano zababhali-mbali kunye nejografi. Njengoko kunokwenzeka ukhetho, iLabrador Islands, Maine, eCape Breton, eCape Boyavist yaqwalaselwa. Kwisikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-500 yokuphuma kweCanada kunye ne-Great Britain, indawo esemthethweni ye-cair island entsha.

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Ubungqina besigqibo yileta ye-milan ansomedor raymondi de sacino, obhalwe ngoDisemba 1497, ebonisa ukuba i-keiCot ye-1497, ebonisa i-daabot ifumene indawo eNewfoundland. Emva kwexesha, ingongoma kwi-Atlantiki yolwandle ityebile kuLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki lafumana igama lebhanki enkulu entsha.

Umthengisi uLorenChaligo ukusuka kwiVenice kwileta, onolwazi lwabo alwazi, lubonisa ukuba uhambo lwekhabota ayisiyonto ngaphandle kwamarhe. Ndicinga ukuba "uVenetian osuka e-Bristol kwinqanawa encinci, wabuya wathi ufumana umhlaba ngama-700 amagistol." Ukudlula kunxweme lwama-300 eeligi, i-cabot ayizange idibane nabantu, kodwa ifumanekile - umlilo, ukuloba kwezilwanyana, ukuvunyelwa kwegiya-kuvunyelwe ukuba kukho abahlali emhlabeni.

U-Elvin Raddok, ebhekisa kwileta kaGiovanni Antonio Debbory, uthi oomatiloshe be-Bristol bafumanisa umhlaba phezu kolwandle kwaye phambi kohambo lwe-cabhota, ke igalelo lakhe lingaphezulu kakhulu. Ngokutsho kombhali-mbali, uhambo kunxweme lwasentla Melika lwenzeka kwiminyaka engama-20 ngaphambi kweNavigator. Nangona kunjalo, ileta ekuthethwa ngayo ayifumaneki kuba ayaziwa, ukuba u-raddd ogciniweyo ubhenele.

Ukubuyela eBristol, uJohn Kabot waya kubaphulaphuli benkosi. Ukuze ufumane izinto ezifunyanisiweyo zeJografi nge-10 ka-Agasti, 1497, umhambi wafumana umvuzo we- £ 10, ethi ngaloo maxesha zazilingana nomvuzo womsebenzi oqhelekileyo okanye i-artishen iminyaka emi-2. NgoDisemba wonyaka omnye, uHeinrich VII waqesha i-penc ye-20 ye- £ 20 ngonyaka.

Nge-3 kaFebruwari 1498, umphandi wafumana ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, kwaye sele eneminyaka emi-5, wazisa iinqanawa ezi-5 ezivela kwizibuko laseBristol, elinye lalixhotyiswe kukumkani. Ezinye iinqanawa ezigciniweyo zendwangu kunye nezinto eziceliweyo, ze-kabot ezicetywayo ukurhweba kuhambo.

NgoJulayi, enye yeenqanawa yawa kwisiphango kwaye yanyanzeleka ukuba ibuyele elunxwemeni lweIreland, yonke le ntlanganiso iqhubeka nendlela. Ngo-1498, abasebenzi baseCabota bafikelela kuMntla Merika kwaye waya kunxweme. Batsho uhambo lwaphela kumda wemimandla yaseSpain kwiCaribbean, kodwa akukho lwazi luthembekileyo malunga neziganeko zolo khetho.

Ukufa

Umhla, iimeko kwaye unobangela wokufa kukaJohn Kabota usesisikhubekiso. Kukholelwa ukuba iinqanawa zalahleka elwandle ngendlela ebuyayo, kodwa ubuncinci bamalungu e-Crew, i-LanceLot Tirkill, isweleke eLondon sele ikwi-1501.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-Getty

Ngokwenye yohlobo olunye, uKabot wasweleka endleleni. Umyalelo wathabatha unyana wakhe olizibulo seSebastian. Ngendlela, umfana wahamba emanyathelweni kaBawo, ngo-1508 ngokuqubha eMantla Melika, kwaye ngo-1526-1530 - emazantsi.

I-Elvin Raddoki iphakamisa ukuba i-kabhot ibuyiselwe eNgilani kwiNtwasahlobo ye-1500. Ukuqukunjelwa kombhali-mbali kwenziwa kwisiseko semephu kaJuan De La La lalit, eyayiyinxalenye yeqela le-Itali. Wabetha amanqaku okugqibela ngo-1500.

Imemori

Emva kokusweleka kwekhabota kwihlabathi, kwaye ngakumbi e-UK, i-IK, imizobo engenakubalwa kunye nezakhiwo zoyilo ezinikezelwe kwimemori yomphandi zadalwa.

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Ke, kwiLizwe laseNewfoundland naseBristol ukuya kwi-400 yeminyaka yokuqubha enkulu, iitora zeKabota zivele, enye ifikelela kubude obuziimitha ezingama-30. Ngomhla wama-500 weminyaka engama-500 ye-Bonavist Cape kunye nonxweme lweBristol "I-Mood" Ikopi "yobhedu" Matty ".

I-Newfoundland kunye neLabrador, isikwere eLondon naseMontreal, iYunivesithi yaseRoma, iSikolo samaKatolika eCanada ibizwa ngegama likaKabhota. Kodwa isiganeko esibalulekileyo sembali kukuba uJohn Cabot uhamba uHenry Hudzon ukuba abhukude.