Imbali yomlinganiswa
Uphawu oluphambili lwe-autobiographical kwi-maxim gork "yobuntwana". Inkwenkwe enengxaki yomceli onzima, eyayinobunzima obukhulu, ubuhlwempu nogonyamelo emva kokusweleka kukaBawo.Imbali yendalo
Isincoko, apho ubuntwana bexesha "kamva bakhula kamva, wabizwa ngokuba" ngumakhulu waseAkulin "kwaye wapapashwa kwiGazethita Gazeta ngo-1895. Sebenza ebalini, nangona kunjalo, walibaziseka, kwaye waphumelela kwisicatshulwa esikrakra kuphela ngoDisemba ngo-1913 e-Itali.
Ibali "lobuntwana" ngo-1938 lalisekelezwe kwifilimu yebhayilojini "yobuntwana beGorge", eyakhutshwa kwi-studio "yefilimu". Umlawuli wetepi yayinguMark Dononkoy, kunye nendima yeAlesh Pesshkov yenziwa ngumdlali we-Alexey Alexey.
Abagxeki boncwadi bakholelwa ukuba "i-assionegraphical" yohambo "lobuntwana", "ebantwini" kunye "nabantu endibathandayo" kunye "neeyunivesithi" ziqwalasele inkcazo yobomi ekwenzeki. Ezi ayizizo izicatshulwa zobugcisa, kunye neziganeko zokwenyani zigqwethwe kakhulu yingcinga ye-gork. Umongo uchaphazele la mabali, isibakala sokuba izicatshulwa zenziwa ngexesha lenguqu, kuthathela ingqalelo iimeko ezintsha kunye nezicelo zoluntu.
UGorky wamkela imbali yosapho losapho lwepussy kunye ne-cascore, kunye nomlinganiswa ophambili - i-Alyosha Pesshkov - ayisoloko ichongwe ngengqondo. Ukongeza kubalinganiswa kunye neziganeko ezinesiseko sokwenene kwaye zisekwe kwiinkumbulo zegorby malunga nobuntwana, kwisicatshulwa zininzi iziqendu kunye namagorha. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqwalasele ibali ngokwenyani yebhayiloji yombhali.
ENizhny Novgorod kwiyadi yemyuziyam ye-Mandam Gorky ngo-1957, isikhumbuzo sikaAleke Peshkov sahlangulwa, esibonisa umbhali njengencwadi ezandleni.
I-Tale "Ubuntwana"
Igama lomlinganiswa ophambili webali "Ubuntwana" uhambelana negama langoku leMaxim Gork - Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov peshkov peshkov. I-Alyosha inembonakalo ye-fragile-ukuphakama kumfanekiso omncinci kunye nokukhanya, impumlo efudumeleyo, i-cheekhi ebonakalayo. Kwangelo xesha, iqhawe le-deft laliqinile iminyaka yakhe.
UAlyosha Pesshkov ngokulula ukufundisisa, phuhlisa ukufunda kwaye afundele i-Arithmetic, kodwa akanakuyinyamezela ileta kwaye ayiqonde kakuhle igrama. Iqhawe linenkumbulo ye-temple
Abazali baka-Alyasha baphila eNizhny noVolod, kwisiphango, ejikelezwe yigadi. Iqhawe lizelwe apho. Emva koko i-Alyosha encinci kunye nosapho bakhe ziya e-Astrakhakhakhan. Ubomi bokuqala begorha buzele kukungakhathali nolonwabo. Inkwenkwe ifanelwe kukukhala, ukohlwaywa ngokwasemzimbeni akuwenzi kwi-Alyasha. Ubomi nabazali buhlala buyindawo eqaqambileyo kwimemori yeqhawe.
Utata wegorha yenye yemifanekiso embalwa elungileyo ebalini, indoda evuya kunye nobubele. Nangona kunjalo, usweleka kwangoko, ugulisa ikholera. Ukulandela utata, umzalwana osandul 'ukuzalwa kuka-Aliyasha uyafa. Emva koko, umama nogogo wegorha kunye nenkwenkwe ebuyela eNizhny novgorod.
Apho, uAlesha Peshkov uhlala kwintsapho kamama-kwindlu kaKashiri, apho imeko yobutshaba iyalawula, kwaye abantu bayayithiyana. Izihlobo zihlala zixabana nangokulwa. U-Alesha wabandezeleka engaqhelekanga kuye ukuba kuhluthwa, kodwa ukuzama ukufihla le meko, ukubandakanyeka ekulweni namakhwenkwe esitratweni nakwisitrato. Iqhawe lihlala libuya ekhaya ngempumlo enemibala.
Utat'omkhulu uAlyoshi yindoda endala eyomileyo, indoda enomsindo, ethabathela kugonyamelo lwasekhaya, umnini wendibano entle. Utat'omkhulu ubetha amaqhawekazi angqubana kwaye akhanyise inkwenkwe ukuba ibe yimeko engazi nto, ngoko ke uchitha iqhawe kangangeentsuku, iintlungu. Ubundlobongela benza u-Alyosha ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye unomdla kwintlungu. Njengoko iqhawe liyakhula kwaye lisomelela, utat'omkhulu akayiphakamisi isandla kuye, ehle ukuthuka. Igorha liqala ukwaphula amasango katat'omkhulu rhoqo.
Umama ka-Alyosha upholisa unyana wakhe kwi-moring katat'omkhulu kwaye akanamdla wokukhuliswa kwegorha. Indlu iphinda iphile uMalume uAlyosha - amadoda amadala anentsapho. Abo awonwabanga kakhulu ukubonakala oodade ngomntwana. Umalume uAleshi-I-Alesshi Hists, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kudala ukuphupha ukuze wahlule ipropathi yosapho kunye nokusasazeka. Nangona kunjalo, utat'omkhulu, ukubanika oko akuyi kuphelela lento elungileyo, ayinikeli ilifa. Owona mntu "kuphela" ofanelekileyo endlwini ngumakhulu, ozuzisayo kwaye ekhusela uAlysha.
INdlu iphila nonyana ovela kumntwana owakhulisa uIvan Gypsies, utatomkhulu wayesoloko esonakalisa ukuba abhale uqoqosho uqoqosho. Gypsies - umqeshwa onokuthenjwa onokuthenjwa onomsebenzi ozimeleyo, inkosi kwishishini lakhe, kwaye oku njengogogo wakhe. UAlisha udibana ne-gypsy kwaye ngokukhawuleza malunga nokuguqula, kodwa kungekudala i-gypsies isweleke, yajongana nomnqamlezo omkhulu onzima, onyamezele iqhawe. Umalumelo wolu ntu wasweleka ngokungaqhelekanga.
Ubomi kwintsapho katatomkhulu, endlwini kaKashiri, endlwini kaKashiri, inzima kwaye iphupha, ngenxa yoko iqhawe lalinexesha lokuhlaselwa, xa i-Alyshasha "ihleli, imfama ... umda. " Ihambo yemozulu yeHerophe inceda ukubonakaliswa kuThixo. Imvakalelo yenkolo yayikukuphela kokukhanya kunye nemvakalelo yokukhuthaza kubomi bobuqhopho, ngelixa ubomi bokwenyani kunye nodaka bokonwaba kuphela eAlya balehy kunye nokuthuka.
Ndikunye neminyaka ye-Alyasha, utat'omkhulu kuphela ephela ngokupheleleyo kwaye 'alwa izandla. " Umama unika iqhawe esikolweni, apho afundayo ukunxiba, kodwa kusekho isoyikiso sokuncitshiswa ngenxa yokuziphatha kwe-hooligan. Ngaphandle kokungakhathalelwa kokufunda, iqhawe liyayithanda incwadi. Ngenye imini, uAlsheshe uthenga umama kaMama u-Alessen, ofunda iinombolo ze-Andern, ezifundileyo ngolonwabo. Nangona kunjalo, umama ubetha iqhawe kwaye uthatha iincwadi.
Ekugqibeleni, iworkshop entle kaSanta isasusa umalume, kwaye i-Alyosha kunye nomakhulu wakhe kunye notatomkhulu bafudukela kwikhaya elitsha. Kwindawo entsha kwiqhawe, i-buddies entsha ivela, phakathi kwayo - inkwenkwe evuthayo ye-lesela. Abafana basusa endlwini ngetrollet, eyakhiwe ngokukhethekileyo oku.
Umama, okwangoku, utshatile okwesibini, kwaye u-Alyasha waba lingqina kwindlela othe utata wabethelela ngayo imilenze yomfazi. Emva kwexesha, iqhawe, kunye nomakhulu wakhe, iJuts ekhitshini, ngelixa umama enendoda entsha ehlala kumagumbi amabini.
Ubomi buka-Alyshi nogogo ngezezimalini banika ngotatomkhulu, kodwa izinto ziyahamba kakubi. Emva kwecandelo lendibano kunye nokuwa kwebhanki, indoda endala ihluthwe imali. Utat'omkhulu uthengisa okuhle, ohleli iminyaka emininzi, kodwa le mali ilahlekile. Ekugqibeleni, utat'omkhulu uAlyosha uqukuqela ukuba afune kwaye ajike abe ngumngqibi, ophazanyiswa yi-alms engaqhelekanga.
Emva kokuba utat'omkhulu elonakalisile igorha, igorha ngokwakhe, kwaye umakhulu kufuneka ajonge umsebenzi ukuze uphile. Ekuseni, inkwenkwe enengxowa idlula iintendelezo, uqokelela iphepha, iirandi, izikhonkwane kunye namathambo eenkomo, emva koko uthengise i-dummy ngedummy. Eli "lomsebenzi wethutyana" laziswa, ke uAlshasha waqala ukubamba iinkuni kwi-hlathi.
Iqhawe liba yinkwenkwe esitratweni kwaye lijika i-Buddies phakathi kwabanye abagqithisileyo. Ubomi obunjalo bufana kakhulu no-Alese kunobomi kusapho. Kwisitrato, iqhawe laziva lizimeleyo kwaye livavanye uvelwano lwamaqabane awayefuna 'ukwenza into elungileyo. " Amakhwenkwe ayehlala kunye kwaye akafunga omnye komnye. Kusapho, igorha livakalelwa ukuba lilolo, ukungoneliseki, umsindo kwaye kufowunela ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ekhaya "ukungaphili."
Ukuphelisa iklasi yesibini, iqhawe laphosa isikolo kwaye ibuyela kubomi basesitratweni kunye nomsebenzi. Ngeli xesha, umama ka-Alesh wasweleka ngenxa yabathengi, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva komngcwabo, utat'omkhulu waqhuba iqhawe elivela endlwini. Ke uAlyosha waya ebantwini - waqala ukuhlala ngokuzimeleyo.
Oyena mntu ubalulekileyo kwintsapho ka-Alysha Peshkova waba ngumakhulu-ixhego elinguAkulin, eyayihlala linguMhlobo obalaseleyo wegorha ebomini bakhe bonke. Njengomntwana, iqhawe layiqonda intaba, kodwa ngeendlela ezininzi abanombulelo kuMakhulu bakwazi ukugcina intliziyo elungileyo.