Biography
Iinkqubo zePhilogistrist yePhilogist ebalaseleyo, umbhali-mbali kunye ne-Icarogist Likhary Likhachechev iqhelene nesizukulwana sanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, i-biography yenzululwazi iphume kakhulu kangangokuba iziganeko zobomi bakhe ziya kwanela ukuqokelelwa kweenoveli ezinokubangela iinoveli zeRussia kwinkulungwane yama-20. Kwaye baya kuba nendawo yeentlekele, iimfazwe kunye nokuchasana.U-Likhachev wazalelwa kwiminyaka yesilivere yenkcubeko yaseRussia, wafa unyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkulungwane yesithathu. Iincwadi zakhe, iikowuti, amabali asebomini bombhali waba lilifa elikhulu, isifundo sabantu esinokubanceda abantu baseRussia ukuba bagcine izithethe zokomoya zenkcubeko yazo.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-DMMMMY Sergeeevich Likhachev ivele ekukhanyisweni 28 (15) kaNovemba we-1906 eSt. Petersburg. Intsapho yakhe yayingakwi-Intemigia kwaye yayilithemba lokuthozama kwezemali. Utata waseSergey Mikhailovich usebenza njengenjineli yombane, kumama waseVera semenovna wasebenza njengekhaya.
Ngokufikisa, umfana othile wazifane zakhe ukuba ufuna ukufundisisa uncwadi nolwimi, emva koko ndifumene isebe lezesekondari kwiDyunivesithi yaze ndangena kwiSebe leSiseko seNdawo yoLuntu.
Kwiminyaka yobudala, uLikchev wayengomnye wamalungu eMugi ephekiweyo, owayefunda ifiloglogy yakudala yeSlavic. Ngo-1928, lo mfo wabanjwa ngokubonisa isityholo esemgangathweni womsebenzi weSoviet. Kwisohlwayo seDmitry esithunyelwe kwiziqithi zeSolovetsky kwindawo emhlophe. Emva kwexesha elithile, wathunyelwa ukuba akwazi ukwakhiwa kwe-coon emhlophe, kwaye ngo-1932, ngaphambi kweshedyuli.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba le ndodana ngenxa yokuba inyameko ihlelwe kakhulu edlula kubandezeleki kunye neenkampu zobutshinga, kangangeminyaka emininzi evalelwe. Ukubuyela kwilizwe lakhe eLeningrad, i-Likachev yakwazi ukuphumelela kwimfundo ephezulu kwaye yafumana iikhondomu eziqinisekisiweyo. Kwixa elizayo, wanika onke amandla akhe kunye nexesha lokusebenza kwesayensi. Amava afunyenwe kwiinkampu ancede kaninzi izenzulu ngezifundo zePhakelelo.
Isayensi kunye nokuyila
Ngexesha lokuqalwa kwemfazwe, i-DMIMMY SERGEDEeeevich yayikwi-leaningrad ye-bloude, engayeki ukufundisisa kweencwadi zakudala zaseRussia. Omnye wemisebenzi yakhe yelo xesha wayezinikele ekukhuseleni izixeko zangaphakathi ngexesha lokuhlasela kweTatar-Mongol. Le ndoda yakwazi ukuphuma kwidolophu yakhe kwiKazan kwihlobo lowe-1942, apho waqhubeka engena kwisayensi.Imisebenzi yakhe kwintsimi yePhilology neMbali ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa ngokufanelekileyo yaqalisa ukufumana impembelelo kunye negunya lesangqa se-Russia. Kwaye ukwamkelwa kuwo wonke umhlaba wase-Dilmy Sergeeevich wafumana umbulelo kuhambo olubanzi lwamanqanaba eendawo ezahlukeneyo zefilology kunye nenkcubeko yaseRoma ukusuka ekuqaleni kweziganeko zanamhlanje.
Mhlawumbi, akukho proinelorist yayingakhange iphamlule kwaye ayizange ichaze umxholo weminyaka yobuntu, kunye nenkcubeko yeSlavic nenkcubeko yaseRoma enkulu kakhulu kwaye ibalonke. I-Ichophamian Likhachev ifunde ubudlelwane babo obungenantlonelo kunye neeveriki zehlabathi zehlabathi. I-onririript engalunganga yenzululwazi nayo yavakaliswa kwinto yokuba iminyaka emininzi uqokelele kwaye wasasaza imikhosi yesayensi kwezona zikhokelo zophando.
Emva kweminyaka ethile, iYunivesithi yangaphambili yeLenidrad, iphinde yaziwa ngokuba yi-St. Pertersburg, idume ngenxa yokuba kwangelo xesha linye ukuba i-DMITHI EQHELEKILEYO, EMVA KOKUQALA LIKHICV besonganyelwa kunyaka odlulileyo. Ikamva leHlabathi yeHlabathi yayingenakuthelekiswa nanto kwiYunivesithi yaseRussia.
Ingabi ngaphantsi kwamandla kunye nexesha kunemisebenzi yesayensi, abafundileyo abafundi abanetalente batyala imali kwimfundo. Kumashumi eminyaka, indoda yenze yonke into ukuze izise ezakhe izimvo neengcinga zakhe kubaphulaphuli.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyKwaye wazuza eyakhe - kwiinkqubo zakhe kwiinkqubo zosasazo kumhlaba wesibini we-1980s, isizukulwana esipheleleyo sabantu abakwilizwe laseRussia sakhuliswa. Olu uthumelo lwalunxibelelana ngokukhululekileyo kubaphulaphuli kubaphulaphuli ukusuka kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo nakwiimbophelelo zentlalo.
Kude kube yimihla yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, i-DMIMMY SERGeyevich iyaqhubeka nokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yoHlelo kunye nokuPapasha, ukuzikhupha, kwaye kulungelelanisa umbhalo wezazinzulu zezazinzulu. Inyaniso enomdla kukuba i-Aidemidia ithathele ingqalelo uxanduva lwayo lokuzimisela ukuze uphendule kulo lonke imbalelwano engathethekiyo, ngamanye amaxesha yeza kwidilesi yakhe kwezona zixeko zikude zelizwe ezivela kwinkcubeko yelizwe kunye nenkcubeko yabantu yasekhaya .
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-DMMMMY LIKHICHV yeChictoricance yabhekisa ekubonakaleni kobuzwe nakweyiphi na indlela. Wayemchasa iimfundiso zokwenza imbalelwano ekuqondeni kweziganeko zembali kwaye engazange ayithathele ingqalelo kwindima kaMesiya kwimpucuko yabantu yaseRussia.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyI-IKingamidia i-Likhachev ayizange ivile uthando lwakhe ngesixeko kwi-neva. Wayengakhange acebise ukufudukela eMoscow, kodwa umntu ebengenakwenzeka. Ewe, kwindlu yaseCuckkin, apho iZiko loncwadi lwaseRussia lwalufumaneka khona, i-Dhittra Sergeeevich isebenze kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-60.
Kwibhayiloji yendalo ende kwaye egcwele i-biliveral yendalo, imbali enetalente ingumbhali womsebenzi omkhulu onxulumene nembali yoncwadi lwakudala lwaseRussia noRussia, kunye nenkcubeko yendawo. I-Peru yakhe yayingaphezulu kwama-40 imisebenzi, uninzi lwazo luguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu bagqirha bezithethe zePhiloforal babengumzekelo. Wayemthanda umfazi omnye bonke ubomi bakhe ogama linguZinaida, owayengumkakhe nonina wabantwana babo abaqhelekileyo. Ngomfazi wakhe amthandayo, i-Dhittra Sergeeevich yadibana ngo-1932, xa yazinza isikhundla somntu ococekileyo kwindlu ye-lengerad epapashiweyo yeSayensi yeSayensi. Kumanyano lwawo, kwiinkumbulo zomzukulwana ngoochwephesha, kungekuphela nje uthando lokudideka kude kube sekupheleni kwemihla, kodwa kwakhona imbeko.
Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, amawele amabini amabini azalwe egameni leVera neLyuudmila. Emva koko, xa iintombi zaba ngabantu abadala kwaye zidala iintsapho zazo, bahlala kunye nabazali babo kwindlu ebanzi yeLikhachev ixesha elide. I-DMMMY yayinguthando nosapho, kwaye ebomini, nakwishishini. Wayephila kakhulu kwaye efanelekile.
Ukufa
Ekwindla yonyaka ka-1999, i-DMIMMY SERGEeeevich yabekwa kwisibhedlele seFotkin eSt. Petersburg. Kwiziko lezonyango, umntu wasinda kutyando lwe-incological, nto leyo, njengoko oogqirha abaxelayo, banikela ithemba lokuphucula imeko yakhe yomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba awazange agwetyelwe, kwaye emva kweentsuku ezimbini, apho i-lithachev yayingazi, inzululwazi ifile.Ngenxa yoko, unobangela wokufa kukaLingachev, owenzekile ngoSeptemba 30, waba yinto endala (wayeneminyaka engama-93) kunye neengxaki ngamathumbu. Umngcwabo weZikolo eziShedukayo zabanjwa kwi-St. Petersburg Indawo yokuhlala ye-Stterburg ngo-Okthobha 4. Isikhumbuzo esibekwe kwingcwaba lakhe, le elenziwe ngumfanekiso weDmitmini Likhacheva talerPtor vladimir vasilidevsky. I-Oveni iSayensi kwiPrince-vladimer Catidral ngentsimbi ye-12 emva kwemini.
Iikowuti
"Kukho umahluko onzulu phakathi kokuthanda ilizwe kunye nobuzwe. Kumntu wokuqala olwenzeka kwilizwe lakho, okwesibini intiyo kubo bonke abanye. "" Ulonwabo lufikelela kulowo ufuna ukonwaba abanye, malunga nezinto zabo. "" Ukuphila ngokuziphatha iyimfuneko ukuba kwafuneka ufe namhlanje, kodwa ukusebenza ngokungathi ungafi. "Ingqondo kufuneka ichanekile kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo. Kuphela kuxa kunjalo, kungenxa yoko lolo ulwazi. "Ubutsha bonke bubomi bonke."I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1950 - "I-Tale yeminyaka eseleyo"
- Ngo-1952 - "Ukuvela koNcwadi lwaseRussia"
- Ngo-1955 - "Calovo malunga ne-igor. Imbali kunye noncwadi"
- Ngo-1958 - "Indoda kwincwadi yakudala yaseRussia"
- Ngo-1981 - "amanqaku kwiRussia"
- Ngo-1983 - "Umhlaba Wokulala"
- Ngo-1984 - "Uncwadi - Inyaniso - Uncwadi"
- Ngo-1985 - "Edlulileyo - Ikamva"
- Ngo-1986 - "Izifundo Kuloncwadi OlupRhwele lwaseRussia"
- Ngo-1989 - "kwiFilology"
- 1994 - "Iileta ezilungileyo nezihle"