Imbali yomlinganiswa
Isimilo sokuhleba "ne-nenum" denis fisvizin. UMalusi osisityebi Sophia, intombazana ethembekileyo, ethembekileyo nefundileyo, apho i-Nksk Prostakova iphupha lokutshata nonyana wakhe, i-mitrofan yexabiso eliphantsi. Isizathu soku kukuba sityebi soMdala, esine-prostakova sabelwe.Imbali yendalo
Imibhalo yokuqala yokuqala yomdlalo irhanelwa ukuya kwi-70s ye-Xviiiiiii ikhulu. IFonvizin isebenze ixesha elide "ayibizi" kwaye yenze umzobo wokuqala ngaphambi kokuba umdlalo uqalise ukwenziwa kwinqanaba. Ngexesha lomsebenzi, umbhali utsalele ubunzima bezinto ezinamachaphaza ama-heterogeneneous - amanqaku kwiimagazini ze-Pinon, imisebenzi yale misebenzi yePESOHIZIN, iRussia nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle, kunye nezangaphandle. Inguqulelo yokugqibela yomdlalo ivele ngo-1781.
Kunyaka olandelayo yayilinqanaba lokuqala lokudlala. Umbhali kwafuneka azame ukwenza ukuba kwenzeke, kuba uBarutist akafuni kutsiba umdlalo. Ekugqibeleni, uPiress Catherine owesibini wanika imvume yokuvelisa. IiFonvizin ngokwakhe bathabatha abadlali kwaye benza umphathi. Intsebenzo yabanjwa kwi-Tsarsitn Meadow kwi-Voln Theatre. Indima yabaPhezulu kwiPhambili yenziwa ngumdlali we-Aartor Ivan DMIREVSKy. Ukupapashwa kokuqala komdlalo ephepheni kwenzeka ngo-1783.
"Nephal"
I-Stoys - I-Nobleman yeminyaka engamashumi amathandathu, ngaphambili, yayinenkonzo yasemkhosini. Iqhawe likholelwa ukuba kuphela umkhosi wenza ukuba abantu abancinci bafanele isihloko esihle, sasivela kwimvelaphi, hayi ngenxa yeempawu zobuqu. Kwiminyaka embalwa, iqhawe lilwenzile kwaye lenzakala, ngenxa yoko lalele kwisifo esinomxoko. Emva koko iqhawe lasiwa kwimvumba le-imperiya.
Imeko ebanzi ye-OP ephezulu yafunyanwa yedwa. Abadala, ngokomnqweno wabo, bemka eSiberia, bahlala khona iminyaka eliqela, benza ukuba imisebenzi yakhe imisebenzi yakhe, ngelixa esenza umntu onyanisekileyo. USiberia wanyula iSiberia, kuba bekunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane imali ngokunyaniseka - ukungayithobanga isidima sakhe, ngaphandle kokuva phambi koobaleki kwaye bangalwi. I-raidyev, iqhawe laya eMoscow.
Abadala ngumntu olumkileyo onako ukufumana indlela yokuphuma kwisimo sengxaki. Iqhawe linxiba iiglasi kwaye ifunde iincwadi, ngaphandle kwento yokuba ukumiliselwa komdala kukude. Utata wazama ukunika iqhawe leyona mfundo ibalaseleyo, nangona kunjalo, njengoko waqala yena, ebutsheni bakhe, "zazimbalwa iindlela zokufunda", oko kukuthi, inkqubo yemfundo ishiywe lukhulu.
Uyise wegorha wayekhohliwe kuPetros. Emva koko, ukuzimisela okulula ukulawula kwaye abantu baguqukela kwelinye "kuwe". Abadala bakhuliswa kwizithethe ezindala, ngokwakhe bethetha nefani, beva ukuba "ucinga ukuba" ubudala ". Iqhawe alichukumisi uluhlu, kwaye uthetha nabantu nje nangokunyaniseka, ukungafumani uqwalaselo ngemeko yomnxibelelanisi. Iqhayina alizukukhupha iqhawe. I-Emerass ishiye i-Imperiyay iyadi ngaphandle kwamabhaso kunye nobutyebi, kodwa igcina imigaqo yakhe iqiniswe.
I-Starodum iphawuleka kwimicimbi ethe tye yokuba ngamanye amaxesha abantu bathatyathwa bubrharha, kuba iqhawe linganyanzelisi umphefumlo, ungaze ugule kwaye uxelele abantu ngezinto azicingayo. Kwelinye iqhawe, ikwabulela ikakhulu bubugqwirha kunye "nomphefumlo", njengoko uYise wafundisa iqhawe. Kwangelo xesha, iqhawe elinobudala laba ngumntu olibambile kwaye layeka ukuthobela impembelelo yokuqala. Eselula, ababingeleli babeyimpazamo, abazisolayo, bacinga ukuba, ukuba kuya kuba ngcono kunaye, i-biography ibinokusebenza ngenye indlela.
Iqhawe lalihlala kwaye linokubona indoda embi. Igorha isebenza kwi-bhuli ngaphandle kothando kwaye imbize 'umhlobo wabantu abathembekileyo. " Iqhawe alinamdla kububi bomntu kwaye alikunyamezeli ukungabikho kokusesikweni. I-Starodul yenzekile, yacetyiswa kukungabikho kokusesikweni, ukurhoxa. Kwangelo xesha, iqhawe linesisa, lazi ukuba lixolela abantu bezenzo ezingahlalisi kwaye abafuni ukufela. Umzekelo, igorha lixolela intsingiselo yeprostata.
I-hero's State yakhutshwa ngumtshana wesofa - isalamane kuphela, ekubonweni. Kwigorha, kubalulekile ukuba onyuliweyo waseSophia wayengumntu ofanelekileyo. Kwangelo xesha, ophambukeli akazange afumane ubuhlwempu kwigosa le-leron - intanda kunye nomyeni wexesha elizayo eSofia, kuba ubutyebi begorha baninzi ngokwaneleyo ukuba balungiselele usapho. I-Stoys ufundisa uSophia eyakhe iMbali yakhe.
Amatolo angumzekelo wokuphumelela indlela yokuphumelela indlela eyimfihlo kwaye elumkileyo.
Iikowuti
Isitolo saba yinto ecacileyo yezimvo zombhali. Kumazwi omlinganiswa, iingcinga zikaFonvizin zifihlwe kwimiba eyahlukeneyo nakwiimbono zezopolitiko zombhali. Igorha lithetha, umzekelo, malunga nokwazi kunye nobutyebi:
Ndiyavuma ukufowunela abanoyolo nabanoyolo. Ewe, vumelana, oqinisekile kwaye osisityebi. Ndibalo lwam. Ndibala inqanaba lolwazi, ndibala inani lamatyala akwenzele yona ityeya enkulu. "Akasisityebi, obala imali ukuba ubafikele esifubeni, kwaye lowo ubala kakhulu ukuba ancede abo ongenasidingo. "Oh ubuhle:
"Isidima sithathelwa indawo yiyo yonke into, kwaye iimpawu azinakuthatha indawo."Malunga neSerfdom:
"Qonda ubukhoboka ngokwakho njengabangacwangciswanga."Ukuphakanyiswa komntu oselula osemncinci:
"Ingqondo, ekubeni eyingqondo nje, eyona ntambo. Sibona iingqondo zokuxoleka sibona amadoda athambileyo, ootata abancinci, abemi abancinci. Ixabiso elingqalileyo lengqondo liphembeka. Ngaphandle kwakhe, umntu olumkileyo ungumntu osisilwanyana. "
Kwezinye ii-thoririsms, okunzima kuvakalisa izimvo zombhali kuRhulumente kunye nenkonzo kaTayend:
"Pravdin. Kodwa abo bafanele abantu abasebenza kwimo yemozulu ... izitrato. O! Abo bangayishiyi eyadini ngenxa yokuba baluncedo kwiyadi, kwaye abanye baluncedo kubo. Ndandingekho phakathi kowokuqala kwaye andifuni kuba phakathi kwelokugqibela itrone. "" Itrone endekelweyo ifuna ukuwuphakamisa umphefumlo wabalawulwa bakhe. "" Pravdin. Ukuze abantu abanesidima bangenalo ukusilela, ngoku iinzame ezikhethekileyo malunga nokuphakanyiswa ... Kufanele ukuba sisitshixo kwintlalontle kaRhulumente. Sibona zonke iziphumo ngelishwa kwemfundo engendawo. "Okanye uthetha i-Epoch kaPetros, okholelwa isampulu, ngokungafaniyo negorha lale mibutho ye-Catherine ngentengiso kunye nezingaguli ezigudileyo:
"Utata wam wandiphakamisa ngelo xesha, kwaye andizifumani ukuba ndizifundise. Wayekhonza nguPetros omkhulu. Ke umntu othile wakubizile, hayi wena. Ke abaziyo, bengazi ukuba basulele abantu kangako kangangokuba wonke umntu uzigqala njengezinto ezininzi. Kodwa ukungabininzi uninzi alumi bodwa. "