Imbali yomlinganiswa
I-Mikhail Afanasweswesyevich Bulgakov yazisa uncwadi lwehlabathi lwamaqhawe angaqhelekanga. Ngobuchule boncwadi, waligubungela ixesha lanamhlanje, izimo zexabiso elingenakuhlala nabantu. Umbhali wasebenza ngexesha elinzima xa incwadi ethi, I-DLAS PROLAST nganye iphantsi kotyholo olungqongqo. Uninzi lwemisebenzi yombhali ifumene iminyaka yokwenyani emva koshicilelo.Imbali yendalo
Ibali "Intliziyo yenja" yamkelwe ngumbhali ngo-1925. I-Bulgakov ichithe iinyanga ezintathu ukuba zisebenze kuyo. Ubunzima ngokupapashwa kwemisebenzi ngenxa yokubeletha kunye nokungaqiniseki kombhali kwakungashiyi ithemba lokupapashwa kwebali. Uye waphinda wahambelana nesandla kwaye waphinda waphinda wasuka enikele kwisangqa sabahlobo abasondeleyo kunye nabantu baseBulgakov. Abameli bamandla afunde nge "Intliziyo yenja" kuphela ngo-1926. Oku kwenzeke ngengozi. Umbhali waphumelela ukukhangelwa kwe-OGPU, abasebenza phantsi kwakufumanisa umbhalo obhaliweyo.
Umsebenzi uhamba kugcino lweenkonzo ezikhethekileyo zeSoviet kwaye zahlala zingumntu ongafikelelekiyo ixesha elide. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi zebali eligcinwe kwilayibrari yeRashiya. Uhlalutyo lwabo lunceda ukuqikelela inqanaba lokudideka kwembali yomsebenzi.
I-ofisi yokuqala yoHlelo yayinemifanekiso yezinto zezopolitiko zeSoviet Union kunye nokuthumela kubasemagunyeni. Enye yeendlela zokhetho lombhalo obhaliweyo umbhali ngokuzimeleyo wasinika i-almanacacuccu "subraz" ukupapashwa. Umsebenzi wachukumisa ukungavumi. I-Kamenev ngokwakhe ichaze i-hhente yokushicilela, imbiza umfanekiso obukhali wangoku. Abafundi bafunda malunga nekamva labalinganiswa Bulgakov kwixesha le-perestroika, xa uBeriversi Benzekile.
Iplani yebali idityaniswa izinto eziyintsomi kunye nenyaniso. Iqulathe ukugxekwa kwamandla, ke yafumana ukuthandwa ngo-1960. I-Tale yasePalamente nge-1990 yamphakamisa kwiintloko zoncwadi lwehlabathi. I-Bulgakov ichaze intlekele yabantu ngokusebenzisa ungquzulwano lwabalinganiswa abangakwazanga ukufumana ukuqonda kunye nolwimi oluqhelekileyo. Kwibali abathathu abaphambili. Ingxelo yenziwa ngohlobo lwemonogue ye-PA, apho balilize. Izehlo zigutyungelwe kwidayari ye-dr.
"Intliziyo yenja"
Ibali libalisa malunga nokuvavanywa kwe-bizarre, ababenxiliswe ngugqirha ababini: Unjingalwazi Premozhensky kunye ne-borment. U-Ivan Arnoldovich uBurmental wayengumncedisi oncedisayo kwi-preobrazhensky, enkosi kuyo le ndlela ilungileyo. Utitshala wamkela umfundi ngaphandle kwempilo kwiSebe, emva koko wayithabathela kumncedisi.
I-bormentl inomlinganiswa ofanelekileyo. Lo ngumfana ofundileyo ofanelekileyo ngexabiso lamazwi akhe. Nangona le minyaka incinci, ubonakalisa uxanduva kunye nobunzulu kunokuthembela kumila kuguquko. Ke ngoko, ukho kulingo ukusuka ngexesha lokuqalisa kwayo, xa inja yebhola iye yangena endlwini yonjingalwazi. Ukujonga utitshala wobubi, ugqirha ulandela imiyalelo ka-Njingalwazi nakwizenzo ezenziweyo zibona amava esayensi.
Ukubukela uvavanyo, umda wenza iingxelo kwaye uyavuya inkqubela phambili ekuqaleni. Ixesha elingaphezulu, wafudukela kunjingalwazi, kuba uvavanyo lufuna ingqalelo epheleleyo kwiwadi. Umntu osandula ukujongana ufuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye neeklasi. I-bormental ngaphezulu kokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimeko ezinzima ezazisa iibhola, kwaye wabhala isigwebo kuye. Ugqirha usebenza ngamandla ukumisa iSharicov, kwaye unikwe ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yemfundo, ulibale ngobomi bakho.
Amaqhinga e-Sharicokov Susa i-Bornetal, kodwa kuba ulwabiwo lubaluleke kakhulu, ugqirha uqulathe. Ibanzi yonke imihla iziphatha yonke inyani. Ukuqonda ukuba uvavanyo luqala ukuzisa iinkukhu, lo mfana uthatha umthwalo woxanduva ngaphandle kokufumanisa ukuba ngubani na ofanelekileyo kwimeko yangoku.
I-Bulgakov iphathiswe umsebenzi we-barretive ukuze ichaphazele iwadi xa inyikimisa imvukelo, isoyikisa abajikelezileyo. Wadubula isandla esilingeneyo, ukuba anyamezele unjingalwazi kwimfuno yokuthatha isigqibo ngokwakhe. Umbhali ngokukodwa wenza umda onomlinganiswa ofanelekileyo, ogxininisa ukubaluleka kwembeko kunye nesidima somntu. Kwisigqibo segorha, isigqibo siya kubonakala ukuba iBulgakov iyakwamkela, kuba wabhala imifanekiso yamagorha kwabaqhelileyo, ngokusekelwe kumava akhe kunye nokubonisa.
Ubukho bomda unenkqubela phambili yesayensi, kuba ukuthatha kwakhe inxaxheba kwenza umsebenzi we-preobrazhensky kakuhle, njengendawo yewotshi. Ukuba ngumfundisi-ntsapho wokuxhasa, wanikwa eli tyala, ngokuzinikela onomdla kumfundi onombulelo. Ukuqonda ukuba iingcinga kunye nokubala zenziwa ngendlela engaphantsi, oogxa babuyela emzimbeni wesiqhelo, batshabalalise umthwalo ombi.
I-bormental yingcali enetalente eye yaba ngumcebisi odumileyo. Oku kubangelwa kukuthatha inxaxheba kokuphila konjingalwazi kwikamva lomfundi. Kodwa uthando lomfana oselula kwishishini awayebabaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhlala emthunzini katitshala, ubuyelo yayisisiseko, enkosi ekubanjwa ngayo isifundo se-transfefangi.
Ukukhusela
Ibali leBulgakov "Intliziyo yenja" ayizange idume ngee-quinematography. Umfanekiso wokuqala kulo msebenzi wasuswa ngokubambisana kwababhali base-Itali naseJamani phantsi kolawulo loMlawuli u-Alberto Lattthada. Kwindima yeGqr. I-Sormental kwifilimu yeza i-adorfer mario adorf.
KwiSoviet Union, incwadi ayifakwanga kube kanye. Kwiprojekthi yeVladimir bortko, epapashwe ngo-1988, uGqr.