Biography
Ukusukela ngexesha lamaTshawa amandulo eShaman nabanyangi, umxholo wolunye unyango lwavela ehlabathini, kwaye omnye wabameli balo oqaqambileyo eMelika wayengusomashishini, uNaropath kunye nombhali babhala. Emva kokuba umntu ethandwa enkosi kwizifundo malunga nesondlo esifanelekileyo kunye nokukhuthaza indlela yokuphila esempilweni, wabizwa ngokuba ngubuqhetseba, kodwa babenobuqhetseba, kodwa kukho abantu abafunda iincwadi zombhali yonke imihla.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Kubo bonke ubomi, uPaul Chappius Bragg wathi wazalwa ngo-1881, kodwa, ngolwazi olusemthethweni, umhla wakhe waqwalaselwa nge-6 kaFebruwari.
Intsapho yoSoser yoShilongo nomvavanyo, owayehlala kwidolophu yaseBeatesville, eIndiana, yayinguyise kaRobert, uMama Carolina kunye no-Jalrina kunye no-Jalrison noJohn Elton noJohn Harrison Bragg. Intloko yegama isebenze kwiTypography kaRhulumente, kodwa umhlaba ubange ukuba ungumlimi kwaye usebenze nzima, ukhulisa abantwana abayi-16.
Okwangoku i-biography yexesha elizayo i-Nuropati ikwanani ngokuba nguvulindlela kunye nokungangqinelani, ngenxa yoko kuphela ulwazi oluqinisekisiweyo yinyani yenkonzo kwi-3 kazwelonke.
Umsebenzi
Ngokwedatha esemthethweni, umsebenzi we-Bragg waqala ngo-1915 eIndianapolis, apho wayengummeli weinshurensi e-Inclife, Inc. Kwaye emva koko kwakufudukela kunxweme olusempuma lwaseMelika kunye nokwamkelwa kwisithuba sotitshala wemfundo yomzimba kunye nomqeqeshi wabadlali bebhola yeSikolo samaBanga aphakamileyo.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgo-1926, uBragg waba ngusomashishini kwicandelo lezempilo kwaye wavula iziko lezonyango eLos Angeles, apho wayeqala ukusebenzisa abantu abavela esitratweni, emva koko abo bafunda intengiso yamaxesha aseLos Angeles.
Emva koko imigca emihlanu eprintiweyo yajika yaba yikholamu yeendaba, apho usomashishini wanika iingcebiso ngendlela yokuphila esempilweni, kwaye ukusukela ngo-1929, iziko liye lavela ngaphandle konxweme oluyifundile kwezinye izixeko.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgo-1929, i-Bragg isebenzisa amazwe asekufuphi, encokola ngokutya okufanelekileyo, ukushasa kunye nemithwalo. Kodwa emva kokuba iintlanganiso zihlawule iingcebiso, kwaye amakhulu eedola zawa kwiakhawunti yakhe. Ukongeza, umgangatho wasasazwa incwadi malunga nencwadi yezempilo, eyaziwa ngokuba "kukunyanga," kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa yeya kuthi, "kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa yaqala ukuba le mpahla ipapashwe ngaphambili, kwaye abanini-zincwadi be-pseudo babandakanyeka kukwaphula ilungelo lokushicilela.
Emva koko, usomashishini wafudukela kwimithombo eshushu eshushu eCalifornia, kwaye wachitha ubomi bakhe bonke kunxweme lweHawaii.
Iindlela zempilo kunye neendlela zencwadi
Ngexesha leminyaka yamakhondo omsebenzi, i-bragg yayingabeki ubuchwephesha beshumi elinambini lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kodwa eyona ithandwayo yayiyeyona nto ichazwe kwincwadi ethi "Ummangaliso wendlala", wakhululwa nge-1940s. Kuyo, umbhali wathi ukwala ukutya kufakelwa kungekuphela nje ekunciphiseni ubunzima, kodwa ukuphiliswa komzimba kwizifo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-pumonia, isifo sephepha kunye ne-pumeber kunye ne-purculosis.
Eyona nto iphambili kunyango yayikukutya apho umntu akabandakanyi zonke iimveliso ekutyeni kwaye asele amanzi anezilo ngaphakathi kwi-1, 3, 7 okanye i-10 yeentsuku, kwaye ijusi yelamuni kunye ne-lemuni inokusetyenziswa. Kwangelo xesha, kuyimfuneko ukwenza umthambo kwimisipha, ukudibanisa kunye ne-spine kwaye ihamba kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye ihambe.
Emva kokuphelelwa yindlala, i-Bragg icebise uluhlu lweendlela zokupheka ezineemveliso eziluncedo eziboniswe ziifoto, kwaye zicetyiswe kakhulu ukuba zikhuphe ii-murals, ikofu kunye notywala. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku, usomashishini wabhala kwincwadi ethi "Wothuke ngamanzi kunye netyuwa", eyavela emva komsebenzi wokuqala kwaye awuzange ube nomdla wokuqala.
Ukugxekwa
Ukususela ngo-1931, ezi kunye neminye imisebenzi ziye zagxekwa, nomphilisi owayengenammfundo kwezonyango wayenomdla ngamanqaku amaninzi.Watyholwa ngokokumakishwa okungafanelekanga kweemveliso ezenziweyo kumzi-mveliso wayo, kunye namayeza abonakeleyo, endaweni yonyango, kuye kwasetyenziswa ingozi engalunganga. Kudliwanondlebe noshicilelo, owayenomdla kwityala, kumgangatho wabulawa ziikowuti, ukuxabana ukuba wenza ngaphakathi emthethweni kwaye akhathalele impilo yabantu.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1915, ibhinqa elibhinqileyo laba yi-NEP Parkon, engubani emva kokuzalwa kwabantwana engazange atshiwe umtshato kwaye anike i-bragg neqabane elitsha iqabane, ebuyayo ngo-1930s, ebuza ubomi bakhe.
Ukufa
Njengokuzalwa, imihla yokugqibela yobomi baseBragg yajika yaba lunkcitho weziganeko ze-Mytical, ezingenakuze kubekho.Kodwa enyanisweni, nge-7 kaDisemba, ngo-1976, usomashishini wangena esibhedlele, kwaye unobangela wokufa kwakhe yayingekukufa kwi-surfboard, kodwa sisifo sentliziyo esabangela ukuntywila.
I-Bibliography
- "Zenze"
- "Ummangaliso wendlala"
- "Ifomula yemfezeko"
- "Umqolo - isitshixo seMpilo"
- "Wothusa inyani malunga namanzi netyuwa"
- "Inkqubo ye-nervous. Intliziyo "
- "Ummangaliso"