Biography
Uzalelwe kwidolophu encinci yesiNgesi kwinkulungwane ye-19, uMary Evans waba yinxalenye yembali yoncwadi, ubuntatheli kunye nontatheli. Kwaye amabali ayo anokwenene kwiincwadi ahlala esebenza kwaye kwiinkulungwane ezimbini kamva.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UGeorge Eliyot-IPseundenym yombhali. Igama lokwenyani nguMary Ann Evans. Intombazana yazalelwa kumphathi wosapho we-Robert Estate nentombi yomnini wamaKristu ngoNovemba 22, 1819. Iinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa komntwana, usapho olukhulu lwafuduswa kwi-Naniton kwi-Coldble, efumaneka eNtshona Midlente eNgilani.
UMary omncinci akazange abe nengqondo eqinileyo kangangeminyaka. Ukongeza, imbonakalo yayo ayizange ifezekise imigangatho yobuhle, kwaye uBawo, esenza isigqibo sokuba kuya kuba nzima ukutshata naye, ukutyalwa kwemfundo.
Nge-16, le ntombazana yaphumelela kwiSikolo sikaFusflin. Emva kokuba engafundanga naphi na, kodwa okuninzi kwakuzithandazela. Ngenxa katata wakhe, i-Evans eya kwithala leencwadi kwiholo ye-Arbry, apho walichitha khona lonke ixesha lakhe lesimahla. Ngo-1836, umama kaMariya wasweleka, yaye le ntombazana yayikhathalela ixhala. Emva kweminyaka emi-5, kunye noTata bafudukela e-fuschill, beshiya ikhaya lomnye umntakwabo. Apha wadibana noCharles ebanzi kwaye ezinye iintanda-bulumko ezinzulu, iincwadi kunye neencwadi kunye neencwadi kunye neencwadi kunye nemisebenzi kunye nombhali wexesha elizayo ukutshintsha isimo sengqondo ngonqulo.
Iincwadi
Imisebenzi yokuqala ka-Eliot yayidlulisela isiNgesi ngo-1846. Ngo-1849, fan kayise, waya eSwitzerland, apho wayehlala khona ekufundeni nasekuhambeni. ENgilani, i-Evans yabuya ngenjongo yokuqina ukuba ngumbhali oqeqeshiweyo.
Ikamva iphinde yazisa uMariya kunye nomshicileli uJohn Chepmann, oprinta iinguqulelo zakhe. UJohn wayilungisa ekhaya, waza kamva wanika umsebenzi womhleli kwi-Westminster yakhe. I-Evans ikwakhokelele ikholamu ekupapashweni, ukupapasha izincoko zoguquguqukayo kunye nophononongo.
Ngo-1856, ibhinqa lagqiba kwelokuba liqale ukubhala iinoveli. Ukuphepha isimo sengqondo esibonakalayo malunga neencwadi zabo, uMariya wathabatha i-Alias George Eliot - ngelo xesha yayikholelwa ukuba lo mbhali ubhalisileyo udibanisa iinoveli ezinothando oluhle kakhulu lothando. Kunyaka kamva kwakukho amabali amathathu amanyeneyo ngegama elithi "stulod Life" yeCawa ". La yayingamabali okuqala amagcisa eGeorge Eliota.
"Biza uAdam" - inoveli eyakhokelela kwimpumelelo yombhali. Incwadi ivuselele umdla wokwenene kwabafundi, kwaye uEliot wawa kwimiqolo yokuqala yengoma eNgilani. Kwaye ngo-1992, uMlawuli we-Giles Sases ongevayo ususe ifilimu yegama elifanayo. Kwinoveli "ye-Gome kwifloss" ye-1860, owona mlinganiswa uphambili uyafana nombhali ebutsheni bakhe, kwaye ukuthengisa uMaryner kunokubizwa ngokuba yimveliso ye-Autobiography.
Eyona nto iphambili yengqondo ye-Evans inokubizwa ngokuba yi-middlmarch, apho ityhila umxholo wobuthathaka bomntu okohlula ubungangamsha nobubele. Inoveli yokugqibela "uDaniel Deronda" waphuma ngo-1876, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwefilimu yawo-ngo-2002. Imibongo kunye nemibongo evela kwi-Eliot bibliography yahlala ingabonwa.
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu beBritane buzaliswe kukugwetywa kunye nokungaqondani kuluntu. Ngentanda-bulumko uGeorge Henry Lewis, badibana ngo-1851 kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala baqala ukuhlala kunye. ULewis wayetshatile kwaye wakhulisa abantwana abasixhenxe, kodwa abafihlanga nolwalamano nombhali.Umtshato wakhe wathathwa njengosimahla, apho amaqabane anokuvula iinoveli ecaleni. Uhambo oludibeneyo lwaseJamani lwaba yiholide ye-levis kunye ne-Evans, kwimbuyekezo kaMariya yaqalisa ukubiza umyeni wakhe kwaye wasayinwa igama lakhe lokugqibela.
Ngo-1876, esi sibini safudukela kwidolophu ye-surey, kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-2 i-lewis idlulile. Emva kokusweleka komhlolokazi wazizibulala kubahleli emibhalo-ngqangi yeGeorge. Emva kwexesha elithile, uEvans waqhelana noJohn Worle, owayenguHewali kunaye iminyaka engama-20. Ngaphandle koku, ngo-1880 womtshato wabo wenziwa, kwaye iholide yenzekile eVenice.
Ukufa
I-Evans ixesha elide yabandezeleka kwisifo sezintso, nokufika eNgilane kuhambo lomtshato, wabetha usulelo lokuphefumla. Esi yayingunobangela wokufa emva kwe-suss ende. NgoDisemba 22, 1880, uMary Ann Evans akazange.
Wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba obachazeli benkolo ecaleni kukaGeorge Lewis, uthando lobomi bakhe. Ukuhlonitshwa kwendoda edumileyo yesiNgesi, isikolo nesibhedlele kwidolophu yakhe yabizwa. Iingcaphuno ezivela kwiincwadi zakhe ziyathandwa kwaye zihambelana nolu suku.
Iikowuti
- "Okumangalisayo kukuba, umfazi odla ngokudlala ebomini bethu: ukumnika-phantse iqhawe, ukuba boyise - ubugcisa obukhulu"
- "Ukupha yinto entle, ifumaneka kwabo bangamahlwempu."
- "Mawaphinde avakale, asithande yonke imihla yonke, sikuvuyela uvuyo macala onke, sikulo, sithi," Ithi, Akakho uphi na?
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1859 - "Bisha uAdam"
- I-1860- "Goung kwiFloss"
- Ngo-1861 - "uMarker Marner"
- Ngo-1863 - "Romola"
- Ngo-1866 - uFelipz Holt, radical
- Ngo-1872 - uMiddlmarch
- Ngo-1876 - "Daniyeli Deronda"