Biography
URalph Waldo Emerson ngumshumayeli waseMelika, isithandi-sobulumko, imbongi kunye nombhali. Waba ngumsunguli wembono entsha, wanika abalandeli bakhe i-SIP entsha yobuchule.Ubuntwana noLutsha
URalph wazalwa kwintsapho yomfundisi-ntsapho uWilliam neqabane lakhe URute nge-25, 1803 eBoston. Kwintsapho enkulu, wayengomnye wabantwana abahlanu abaphilayo, abanye abantwana abathathu basweleka ebusaneni. Xa inkwenkwe yayineminyaka eyi-8, utata wasweleka kumhlaza wegaro. Ngokubhekele phaya, umakazi wakhe kunye no-dade wabo wase-Pope ogama linguMary Mudi. Unxibelelwano olusondeleyo kuye lwalugcinakile ekufeni kukaMariya.
Ukufundisisa iRalph ukuqala kwiSikolo saseBoston ngo-1812, kunye neminyaka emi-5 kamva, umntu wangena eHarvard. Ukuhlawula izifundo zabo, kwafuneka asebenze njengomlindi, kuba le ntsapho emva kokuba iphulukane noyise.
U-Emerson waqala ukonakalisa impilo yakhe ngeminyaka engama-23 ubudala, yaye waya kukhangela imozulu efanelekileyo esezantsi elizweni. Kanye eSt. Augustine eFlorida, umfana okokuqala kwibhayoloji yakhe waqala ukubhala imibongo. Apho, wadibana noNapoleon Nepalon ogama linguAchille Murat, ophembelela uphuhliso nemfundo yeRAlph.
Indalo
Ngo-1829, iBoston yeBandla lammema ukuba akhonze njengomfundisi. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokusweleka komfazi wokuqala, iRalph iphoxekile kwiinkolelo zonqulo. Ngentwasahlobo ye-1837, uEmerson wafunda uthotho lweentetho kwintanda-bulumko kwitempile ye-MASIC-yayikukuqalisa komsebenzi wakhe wokufundisa. Inzuzo yayingaphezulu kokukhona, kunokuba wagqiba kwelokuba afumane izifundo zakhe. Ixesha elingaphezulu, uEddason warhweba yonke iMelika, eCanada kunye nenxalenye yeYurophu.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyUmsebenzi wokuqala wokubhala yayiyincwadi "ngendalo", ebhalwe ngo-1836. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba kuphela ikopi engama-500 kuphela, waba yimbonakalo yeTranscententalism - intshukumo yefilosofi. Isiseko solu khokelo kukubuyiselwa kwemali kwindalo edalwe yindalo kunye nomzabalazo ochasene nelizwe elinezinto ezenziwe ngumntu.
Ngo-1840, isithandi-sobulumko sathatha umhleli wephephandaba iTranscentental uffic. Wayedla ngokubanceda ababhali abaqalayo kwaye bapapasha umsebenzi wabo kupapasho. Emva kweminyaka emi-4, amaphephandaba ayasebenza esebenza. Kukho ingxelo ye-Horace Grace ukuba ilizwe lilahlekelwe luhlobo loqobo kwimbali yokufowuna.
U-Emerson waphinda wabhala iintetho zakhe, ukudala ukuqokelelwa kwezincoko: "Izincoko", "iifilosofi yokuziphatha" kunye nabanye. Ekupheleni konyaka we-1874, ingqokelela yeevesi ebizwa ngokuba yi "Parsoss" yavela kwi-bibliography ye-bibli ye-Anna, uJulia Carolina Dorr, uJean CanOV, Jones, nabanye abanye.
Ubomi Buqu
U-Emerson wadibana nomfazi wokuqala uEllen Louise Tucker kwi-Concord ngo-1827 kwaye wamtshata xa eneminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Le ntombazana yayigula kakhulu sisifo sephepha, umama kaRalph kufuneka abangenise eBoston kwaye bakhathalele i-Ellen. Emva kweminyaka emi-2 yobomi bentsapho, umfazi ka-ESSANon wasweleka. Umhlolokazi wabulawa yintlungu kwaye wayehlala etyelela ingcwaba lentanda yakhe.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyKungekudala ubomi bakhe buqu buye baphucuka. Kwibusika ye-1835, uEmerson wabhala ileta yaseLidia Jackson ngesicelo sesandla sakho kunye neentliziyo, waphendula. ULidiya wayenengqondo kwaye esebenzisa ubukhoboka kunye nelungelo labasetyhini.
NgoSeptemba 14 kaSeptemba kwaloo nyaka, indoda yatshatisa uLidia Jackmown kwidolophu yakhe ye-Plymouth yaya kwindlu entsha, yafudukela kwiConcord, ithengwe ngelo xesha lokudalwa kosapho. Umlingane wamnika abantwana abane - uWaldo, uEllen, uEdith no-Edward Wamerson. Intombi ka-Ellen yabizwa ngegama lendlu yeFilosopher, uLidiya wasixhasa isigqibo sendoda yakhe.
Ukufa
Ukuqala ukusuka nge-1867, impilo kaEmerson yaqalisa ukuba mandundu, wabhala kancinci kwiidayari zakhe. Ngentwasahlobo ye-1872, waqalisa iingxaki ngenkumbulo, kwaye ukuphela kweshumi leminyaka waqala ukulibala igama lakhe.Ngo-1879 kwakuyimfuneko ukuyeka iintetho zikawonke-wonke. Nge-21 ka-Epreli, 1882 wafunyaniswa ene-pumonia, eyayingunobangela wokufa emva kweentsuku ezi-6 emva koko. U-Emerson ungcwatyelwe kumangcwaba lokulala, ikhonkco, iMassachusetts.
Iikowuti
- "Ubomi, zithabathe umkhwa wokwenza okoyika. Ukuba wenza le nto uyoyike, kuya kusenzeka uloyiko lwakho. "
- "Ukutshaya kukuvumela ukuba ukholelwe ukuba wenza into xa usengenzi nto"
- Wonke umntu unyanisekile wedwa; Uhanahaniso luqala xa omnye umntu ebandakanyiwe egumbini
- "Eyona ndlela yokuba nomhlobo iba ngokwakho"
I-Bibliography
- "Malunga nendalo"
- "Ukuzimela"
- "Imbuyekezo"
- "Umphefumlo we-OX"
- "Izangqa"
- "Imbongi"
- "Amava"
- "Izopolitiko"
- "Inzululwazi yaseMelika"
- "AbaHlangengu be-England"