Imbali yomlinganiswa
I-Jamani yaseJamani-umkhombandlela kuncwadi lwenkulungwane ye-18, abasekeli kunye nabahlobo ababenza imisebenzi ye-internati. Namhlanje, imibhalo yaseHoffman, uShamiso, i-Göldelin, iHeine, Novisa, abantakwabo Schlelev basetyenziswa njengemithombo yoncwadi, ifilimu, iikhathuni kunye neekhathuni. U-Ernest theodore Amisus Huffman, uMdali we "Nutcracker", wanika umhlaba ukuba ube yintsomi, inzala engaze igcinwe.I-Nutcracker kuncwadi
UJohann Hheman, umhlali wedolophu yaseJamani yaseZaizer, exhobise ngobomi bokuthintela iithoyi. Ngo-1699, wadala ijoni elithile elalibiza i-Zubastik. Ukutsala i-Wheelibarw ye-Hellow, inkosi yaqhubeka ngeenyawo kwaye inesiqingatha seekhilomitha, ukuya kwi-leipzig.
Ukuwoyisa iindlela zentaba kunye neendlela zaseziphapha zaseziphapha zaseziphango, wazixhamla kuzo zonke ii-billets kunye nendalo kwisixeko esikhulu. I-Zubastik yafika kubathengi kwishawa. Ukusukela ngoko, iinkuni zokucoca iinkosi zaqala ukwenza oonodoli. EMelika, uZubaastik ufike kwinkulungwane yama-20, xa amajoni ase-US athshe iithoyi kubantwana babo phezu kolwandle.
I-Ernest theodore anamas hofman iphefumlelwe ngendlela ijoni kwaye ibhala ibali eliyintsomi, oyena mntu wenzayo ophambili. Umsebenzi onomxholo othi "I-Nutcracker kunye nenkosi" yapapashwa ngo-1816 ekuqokeleleni iintsomi zabantwana. Ukusebenza kwimifanekiso yabantwana, iGomben yaphefumlelwa ngabantwana bomhlobo ogama linguMarie noFritz. Ke ngoko, igama lelona gama liphambili.
I-Marichen Stalbaum ifumene iKrisimesi njengesipho esivela kwi-the the the the the the the thixo emakhonkciwe amakhonkco. Bakhangeleka ngathi lijoni. Kuyamangaliswa kwengqukuva ye-phrettleman ngemfihlo. Ngenkangeleko ye-nutcracker embisileyo yafihla inkosana. Kwakusenziwa yimouse yenkosikazi embi.
Intombazana, inkuthalo nokukhathalela into yokudlala, yawufihla kwi-firdget-bhuti, inesibindi, isibindi kunye nokuzimisela. Ingubo eyoyikayo nenengqondo iyoyisela yonke ubunzima, yoyisile i-villain ingukumkani wemouse, eyayineenjongo ezisixhenxe, kwaye, yajika inkosikazi yayo.
Umxholo ophambili womsebenzi yayiluloyiso lolwalamano oluhle nothando ngobubi. Intsomi yefani ikwafundisa ukubonakala- ayisiyonto iphambili. I-Nutcracker yayinemihlathi enkulu embi, kodwa intombazana yathandana naye. Ukuqulunqwa kukaHoffman kufundisa inkalipho kunye nokuzithemba, ukuzithemba ukuba ezi ziimpawu eziphambili ezinceda ukoyisa yonke imiqobo kunye nemiqobo, ukoyisa nayiphi na iintshaba.
Ukukhusela
Ijoni elincinci elinesibindi kunye ne-Toy Saber iba ngumlinganiswa weekhathuni zabantwana kunye ne-kinocartin. Imifanekiso yayo yayihlala isetyenziswa kwingcelele. I-Nutcracker ka-1973 yaba yeyona projekthi ingalibalekiyo yophulaphuli baseSoviet. Ikhathuni enobubele apho ijoni le-toy liphumelele inkosi, isasaza iminyaka engaphezu kwama-45.
Ngo-1988, umfanekiso wejoni wasebenzisa ababhali bale projekthi "ukucinga okucinga: i-nutcracker". Iprojekthi yomgangatho weShawa, ekhutshwe ngo-1990 yabaphulaphuli babantwana, yayikufutshane nesenzo esichazwe kwintsomi. I-Componition yekhathuni "iNkosana i-intecracker" yakhunjulwa ngabantu.
Ngo-1995, iprojekthi yaseJapan-yaseMelika yakhutshwa kwimbali ye-indlocracker. Ngo-1997, i-premiere yomculo omfutshane kwisitayile esivela kumphathi we-ristine Ezard wabanjwa. Ngo-2001, uDavid wanch kunye noDan Gogib basungushe umculo onobuhle obusekwe kwintsomi yaseJamani. Kwakuloo nyaka, u-Owen Holey walungelelanisa i-fale fayile phantsi kwengqondo yanamhla, ukhulula i-cartoon "barbie kunye ne-nutcracker". Ngo-2004, abavelisi baseJamani bakhupha inguqulelo yoopopayi yentsomi.
Ngo-2007, i-sutcracker ikhankanywe kolunye uthotho lweprojekthi yoopopayi "uTom noJerry". Kwisuti yenkosana enqwenelekayo, imouse engaphumliyo yeJerry yenziwe. Ngo-2014, iAmerication ye-fale "i-netcracker kunye ne-rat korol 3d" ibonakalisiwe. Ifilimu enenxaxheba yokuthatha inxaxheba kwamagcisa angaphandle akhupha u-Andrei Kowchalovsky.
I-Lasesse Hallstrom ngo-2018 ikhutshwe iprojekthi ebizwa ngokuba yi "Nutcracker kunye nezikumkani ezine", zibhalwe kwibali elimangalisayo.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- Ukusuka kwimisebenzi yaseHoffmann, "i-inccracker kunye noKumkani weMouse," I-CAT MURRA "," KROASTZ Tsahs "," Inkosazana ", ezinye zasetyenziswa ngokukodwa abavelisi. Ababhali base-Itali, ababhali baseFransi, baseFransi, ababhali baseRussia kunye nama-Playwrights ebolekwe kwimisebenzi ye-ronifs ye-romontics ye-ronifs yazo.
- UGofman wayeyithanda ithiyetha, kwaye kwakutsalwa ingqalelo ye-dolls kunye noopopu. Ewe, kude ne-barbie yale mihla, kodwa izinto ezintle kakhulu zazingayi kuba ne-fabulography enjalo, ethi i-nutcracker efunyenweyo. Uthando lukaGofman kwi-poppets lubangelwa kukuba uyakholelwa: abantu - iithoyi ezandleni zokudonsa umtya. Umbhali ulitshiza, wawanika ikamva lakhe lamandla aphezulu.
- Iplani yentsomi ye-gofman ibekwe kwisiseko se-ballet, umculo apho uPeter Illiich Tchaikovsky wabhala. "I-nutcracker" izukisiwe umqambi kwi-Ballle Stone. UMarius PetipA wenza i-choreography kwi-officral. Ukucwangciswa kwentsomi uAlexander Duma, abhalwe ngo-1844, wakhonza njenge-lilleretto. Enkosi kwi-ballet, imveliso ye-gofman ifumene ubomi kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga kwaye yaqwalaselwa kwiinkulungwane. Namhlanje i-ballet "i-nutcracker" inokubonwa kwi-thescow ephambili yeMoscow kunye ne-St.