Biography
Kude kube ngoku, abalandeli bokwenyani bobugcisa besekethe kunye nothando bakhumbule umfanekiso odumileyo we-Peblic, olandelwa ngumculi oqhayisayo uMikhail Nikolayevich Rumyantsev. I-satire engasombululiyo, ebonisa imilinde yamaxesha emfazwe enkulu kwaye ibambelele kwi-Encyclopedia yendoda, yangena kwi-Encyclopedia yeSoviet ibe yimfundiso yamakhulu ee-Russia nakwamanye amazwe.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-biegraphy ye-clown yepensile, ogama linguMikhail Nikolayevich Rumyantsev, waqala eSt. Petersburg nge-10 kaDisemba ngo-1901. Ubuntwana bakhe babanjwa kwisangqa sosapho, buqulathe utata, isitshixo senkampani "smmens kunye ne-Galsk", kamva iguqulwe kamva i-Elena.
U-IDyll waphulwe ekuphulukaneni nomzali, osweleke emva kokugula ixesha elide kwaye washiya isahluko seNdlu yeNdlu exhalabisayo ngokusekwa nokukhulisa abantwana abancinci. Ukungafuni ukuba ngumthwalo otyhidiweyo kaMisha, ngokungazenzisiyo kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, ukungena kwezi zifundo zamagcisa-amagcisa kunye neegcisa kwaye zikhele izalamane emva kovuko emva komhla wokuqala wowe-1917.
Ukufuna umsebenzi womfana, kwasebuncinaneni, waphupha ukuba wayehambahamba, waya kwingingqi ye-Tver yeTver kwaye ngo-1922 wangena kwisikhundla soMyili wethiyetha yase-Statatha. Ngexesha lokhenketho lweTraupe omncinci, amagcisa eRumyantse yenze imisebenzi yomncedisi kunye netikiti kunye neepeyinti ezipeyintiweyo zeeposta ezinemibala kunye neencwadana ezinemifanekiso, emva koko eMoscow.
Ebutsheni bakhe, uMikhail wayedla ngokundwendwela i-cinemas kwaye kwakufika kwintlanganiso yokuyila nabaphambukeli i-Deuglas Ferbenx kunye neMary Peyford. Ukusuka kule nqaku, i-biography yendodana itshintshe ipholile, kwaye wagqiba ekubeni abe ngumculi odumileyo.
Emva kokuphumelela kwenqanaba lokuhamba kwenqanaba, iRumyantsev yangena esikolweni ubugcisa besekethe nge "Acrobat-eccentric". I-clown yexesha elizayo yayinethamsanqa kunye notitshala uMark Solomonovich Ilokishi, eyaqala ukuqala komculi wokwenyani onokuthi enze uluntu olunokwenza uluntu olunokwenza i-ploctor ye-prit-i-Inatic.
Kwiminyaka yokufunda, i-mikhail yasebenza kwiqela lesekethe kwimimandla kwaye ekuqaleni kwavela phambi koluntu ngaphandle kwe-rima kwaye ihlelwe isinxibo kunye nendlela yokuziphatha kukaCharlie Chaplin. Kuyinyani, ekupheleni kwesikolo sezakhono ezibambeleyo nesesakhono sesekethe, lo mfana wawula lo mfanekiso waza wakhangela eyakhe, akukho mntu ufana nomlinganiswa ofanayo.
Imidlalo yesekethe
Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1930s, iRumyantsev yaqala umsebenzi ozimeleyo ozimeleyo kwaye uzinze kwiSmolensky Mobile. I-ruupe iquka amagcisa ohlobo olwahlukileyo, kwaye umfana waqala ukwamkela amava kwaye wabhala ingxelo kwidayari. Ngokusekwe kula manqaku, i-novice clown yenze uhlengahlengiso kwimisebenzi yabo kwaye icetywe ngeengoma, ukudanisa kunye neenombolo ze-acrobatic.Uqeqesho lokuziqhelanisa luyaqhubeka kwi-riphar yaseRiphabhlikhi, apho uMikhail wayengowe-1932. Emva koko ukukhangela okuyilayo kukhokelele umculi kwi-iAna Kazan kunye neVolgograd, kodwa umphefumlo wamkhulula kwilizwe lakhe, eLeningrad. Kwakulapho, kwiindonga zesekefini, ezakhiwe yimigudu ye-Gietano enkulu yase-Italia, kwinqanaba lokuqala ipensile ye-clown ivele, inxibe ibhulukhwe engaqhelekanga.
I-Enter, ilungiselelwe ngononophelo kule minyaka yophando yokuyila, igalelekile amanye amagcisa kunye namanye amagcisa, kwaye, ngokuchasene nokulindelweyo, kuzisa umntu obenobulungisa ngokupheleleyo. Ngo-1935, uClown wafudukela kwi-moscow esekampasi ngombala kwaye ngoko nangoko wayiphumelela ngoko nangoko intliziyo ye-itropopolitan ye-metropolitan.
Nangona kunjalo, umculi ngokwakhe wayenganeli into, kwaye waqala ukucinga ngeqabane eliqaqambileyo. Kuba kwakungekho nto ebantwini, ipensile yayinombono wokwenza i-intermeniya enenja yelitye, kodwa phakathi kwezilwanyana ezikhoyo azifumananga ezifanelekileyo ngobukhulu, ukupeyinta nembonakalo. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba i-rumikuyv ihlekisa njani nge-142 cm ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ye-barbos, eyayifana neSenabernar okanye umalusi waseJamani.
Ukukhangela kuyaqhubeka de i-clown yazisa i-Scotland encinci emnyama ebizwa ngokuba yi-NINK, ejongeka ngathi yi-inki yokwenyani. Umhlobo onemilenze emine ngokukhawuleza waphinda wangena kwakhona kwaye ungeniswe eluntwini.
Ngokubanzi, ipensile yayiqeqeshe izilwanyana eziqeqeshelwe ukuba nenxaxheba kuqeqesho oluthile. Nokuba yeyiphi na igama lesidlaliso, umculi "omncinci" wayenamaxwebhu, wayengabi-gazi yenja entle nehlekisayo.
Ngexesha lemfazwe ye-tirgy enkulu, iqabane elirhabaxa ladlala indima yentshukumo ye-Fascist kunye ne-staltses evuthayo ukusuka kwimibhobho kwimakrofoni kwi-hitler, egodbels. Ngexesha lokubonisa kwala manani, ipensile yaqaphela ukuba uluntu luthanda i-bartire yezopolitiko, kunye nomsebenzi olandelayo oyithandayo lohlobo.
Kwiminyaka yeMfazwe yasemva kweMfazwe, i-Clook yadlala i-Pozens yemifanekiso yobomi babemi baseSoviet, kodwa zangeyisanga umda wokuvunyelwa, ukuvumela abaphulaphuli bacinge ngomxholo kwaye bayokuphume urhulumente omiselwe ngurhulumente.
Umzekelo oqaqambileyo wendlela enjalo yayilinani elinikezelwe kukunqongophala xa ihlalole ihamba nge-maneja ngebhegi ye-mesh, izele i-TOEREDIA ngentshabalalo kunye nokuzama ukuyenza. Imifanekiso enjalo kamva yaba likhadi elityelelayo lobuchule obuqala kaDeet Mikhail Shuydina noYuri Nikoulina, ngo-1940 ukuya kwi-194050s yomfundi kunye neebhloko zepensile.
Lilonke, i-mikhail rumyantsev ichithe iminyaka engama-55 kuManere kwaye ngeli xesha kwizimvo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwakhe kwahlanganiswa kakhulu zii-achlags. Okokugqibela uluntu lwalubona iflown yakhe ethandekayo ngo-1983, xa iiveki ezimbini zihleli ngaphambi kokuba afe. Ngoku ipensile yepensile inokubonwa kumjikelo weNkqubo "Indlela" kunye noLuhlu lwePlasswork "," Parder-Alla "," Oku kunzulu kakhulu ... "nabanye.
Ubomi Buqu
Kwixesha laseSoviet, kwisangqa samagcisa, kwakungeyonto yesiko ukubhengeza ubomi bomntu, ngenxa yoko kwaziwa ngokuba ngumfazi nabantwana bepensile. Emtshatweni nge-Crius Manara Semenovna, igama lentombazana leyo lingakhankanywa naphi na, kwaye ngeli xesha iqabane libazali iNatalia kunye notat'omkhulu womzukulwana I-oveni.
Njengoogxa kunye nabantu abathandanayo, i-mikhail noTamara banamava kunye, emva koko bakhumbula isiqendu sokuhleka, njengoko i-clown yayingavunyelwa ukuba ibe nguloliwe, kwaye kwakufuneka afike e-Omsk ngokudlula kwezothutho nangeenyawo.
Ingxaki kuphela kulwalamano yayiluthando lwepensile kuluphawu oluphakathi oluphakathi oluphakamileyo. Kwigumbi lakhe lokunxiba kwabakho i-cache ekhethekileyo, apho wafihla khona kumfazi wakhe Vodka okanye ibhotile yokuxabiseka kwexabiso eliphezulu. Ngaphandle koku, umculi wayenoxanduva kakhulu ukuba asebenze kwaye angaze asele ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kwi-Playpen.
Enye into yeNikala Nikolayevich, kwinxalenye yendlela ebonakala ichwayitile kwaye ikhathalele, yayinemfuno enye kunye nexesha elimangalisayo. Ukuba ngumculi ozukisiweyo nogunyazisiweyo, kwaxelwa ngokungqongqo koogxa bakhe ukuba bafike kade kwindawo yokuziqhelanisa kwaye babenoloyiko lokuba umntu aqalise ukuphikisana naye.
Oogxa bakhe bakhumbula ukuba, badume, ipensile igcinwe ukuthozama kwendalo kwaye ijongiwe ngenyameko igama lakhe okanye ifoto aliyi kuvela kwiiposta zesekethi. Kwaye ngenye imini, xa kwakulungiswa kwigumbi lokunegumbi, kunye namagcisa asehodoni ehostele, iClown Funda abaququzeleli, kwaye emva koko akazange avume ukuya kwi-Playpen.
I-National kunye ne-mikhail nikolayevich ephindaphindwe malunga nezi kunye nezinye iimeko. Ukongezelela, amabali nobomi ye Clown Great zazibonakala documentary PIU kwaye wangena incwadi zabantu mbali Natalia Rumyantsevaya "Paradash".
Ukufa
Ngaphandle kwexhego, ipensile yahlulahlulwe yimpilo eyomeleleyo, evunyelwe ukuba ihlale kulo msebenzi de kube kudlale impahleni. Kuyinyani, ngo-1960, iClown kwafuneka iwayeke amanani ahambelana nomngcipheko wokomngcipheko, kwaye ayibandakanyi amaqhinga kwintambo kwaye phantsi kwesekethe.Ukujonga umculi obanjiweyo, abaphulaphuli babecinga ukuba ipensile iyakuvuyela ukuphinda iqhubekise impinda nganye ehlekisayo. Ngelishwa, iRumyantsev yavela ingapheliyo, kwaye ngoMatshi 31, 1983 indalo yokudala yangcungcuthekisa iindaba ngokufa ngokuzinzileyo. Unobangela wokusweleka kwesizwe osisizwe esifihliweyo yayingunyuso, yaqulunqa imvelaphi ye-hypothermia kunye nokubanda.
Kude kube ngoku, i-mikhail nikolayevich, ibekwe kwicandelo le-10 le-leselavsky, abalandeli bezisa iintyatyambo, emva koko babuyela ekhaya kwaye baphinde bahlaziye iifreyimu zentsebenzo.
Abantu abasebenza nabo banika irhafu kwinkumbulo yepensile kunye nelinye iqabane lakhe elithembekileyo-inja ibeka izikhumbuzo kwi-Empremov nakwiphambi kwesekethe se-gomel.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1938 - "i-moscow entsha"
- Ngo-1939 - "Intombazana enempawu"
- Ngo-1939 - "imbasa ephezulu"
- Ngo-1941 - "umlobi ovuthayo"
- Ngo-1942 - "Ikhonsathi ngaphambili"
- Ngo-1944 - "Ivan Nikulin ngumatiloshe waseRussia"
- Ngo-1948 - "ipensile kwi-ice"
- Ngo-1955 - "ipensile yokuzithemba"
- Ngo-1964 - "Qokelela iVenus"
- Ngo-1966 - "Kuyinto enkulu kakhulu ..."
- Ngo-1967 - "usuku lwesekethe lwe-vdnh"
- Ngo-1969 - "uncumo olubini" (iNovella "Freaks")
- Ngo-1983 - "I-Criktus Yobuntwana Bethu"
- Ngo-1969 - "Parade Alla"