Biography
I-Mathematics Genius, eyayilawulwa emva komlo oneminyaka engama-30 ngokuchasene neSchizophrenia, ebuyela kumsebenzi wesayensi kwaye ufumane i-NOBY PAREIUI. Omnye wabahlobo abahlonitshwayo nabanetalente, i-biography yakhe yayisekwe kwi-kinobysellersellerserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserserseller "zengqondo" ngee-oscars.
UJohn Forbes Nash ngumntu owomeleleyo ngengqondo yegxucana. Uphando lwayo lwenzululwazi kwicandelo le-jometri eyahlukileyo kunye nethiyori yomdlalo ixabisa kwihlabathi liphela. Ukwazile ukufumana izifundo ngokusuka kwisifo sakhe esingaqondakaliyo, echaza ukuba "ubudlelwane phakathi kobuchule bokucinga nokungaqhelekanga ikhona." Kwaye ngelishwa ishwankathelwe:
"Ingqondo evakalayo yabeka umda wokungeniswa kwesayensi malunga nonxibelelwano lwayo kunye nendawo."Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-genius ye-Mathemarical yeMathematics kunye neNtloko yeMathematics kwidolophu yaseBlofield, kwi-American Statu State yeNtshona yeVirginia, ngehlobo lowe-1928 lazalelwa. Ngophawu lweTwadiac Twin. UJohn wakhuliswa kwaye enyukela kwintsapho yamaProtestanti, apho imeko engqongqo kunye nezithethe zenkolo zilawula.Inzululwazi yexesha elizayo negama lehlabathi lafundwa phakathi, kwaye iMather ukuya kwi-14 ubudala yabangela ukuba ukutya kwakhe: esikolweni, isifundo safundiswa isipho. Abazali bangunjineli wombane kunye notitshala wesiNgesi- bacaphukile kukungabikho kweDfframrance kunye nenjongo yoNyana. Kodwa yayingenjalo. I-Nash Ropod yaseNash efundwayo kwaye, ukuvala kwigumbi lakhe, kuqhutywa iimvavanyo zekhemikhali.
Kwiminyaka eli-14 ye-14 ezandleni zikaJohn Forbes Nash, umncinci wawa umsebenzi onomdla wase-Erik Tella "iMathematics enkulu", ukufundwa kwayo kwavula umdla kwisayensi echanekileyo kwi-Acclencent. Yaqhutywa kakhulu zizibalo zemathematics ezayothusa ootitshala, ngokulula ekuboneleleni nge-theorem encinci. Kodwa kwiiklasi zasePhukhule, i-nobel nobel nobel Abell ayikagqitywa kulo msebenzi.
Isayensi
Kwisitalente esivulekileyo semathematics, lo mfana wanikwa imali yokufunda eyunivesithi. Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni, wangena kwi-carnegrie polytechnion ye-Polytechnic, apho ekuqaleni wayeqala ukufundela chemistry. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba inzala kwisifundo ihambile, ibhaliswe uqoqosho lwehlabathi. Kodwa apha khange ndihlale kwakudala, qinisekisa ukuba imathematics yayikhaya phakathi kwesayensi.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgo-1948, izolo, umfundi washiya iindonga zeZiko kunye neediploma ezimbini ezandleni zakhe - iBachelor kunye nenkosi. Kodwa umdla wokuqhubeka kwesifundo akazange anyamalale: UJohn waya kwiDyunivesithi yasePrinceton kwi-New Jersey. Ileta yengcebiso evela kutitshala kaRichard Duffhin, oqeqeshekileyo wafika eyunivesithi, wawanamagama amathathu "Heether Geius".
I-nash ayizange inxibelelane nootitshala eklasini babo eklasini babo eklasini: kukholelwa ukuba ukufunda ngokudibeneyo kunciphisa ubume bayo. EPrinceton, lo mfo waqala weva malunga ne-Neitan kunye nendlela ye-MORD yeZiseko zeZithuko, ebizwa ngokuba "yithiyori yomdlalo". Indlela yabetha umbono wombane oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala kwaye yaphembelela ngakumbi i-biography yesayensi. Wadala imfundiso, eyayisetyenziswa kakhulu kuqoqosho.
Kwisi-21, umlingane oselula onobuchule obukrelekrele wawukhusela i-thesis, amalungiselelo aphambili aya kuthi abizwe ngokuba ngu "Nesha's Aquilibrium". Emva kweminyaka engama-44, lo msebenzi waphuhliswa kwaye wenza i-Nobel nobel Laureate kwi-Economics. Emva kweminyaka eli-10, uJohn Nash wenza umququ wesayensi, ukuthumela isebenza kumdlalo ongengowonyango.
Ebutsheni be-1950s, iMathematics, iMathematics yazinza kwiMassachusetts Institute yeTekhnoloji, apho kungekudala wafumana imbeko ngoogxa kunye novavanyo oluphezulu lwehlabathi. Kodwa phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1950, i-nash yaqala iingxaki nge-psyche. Wayehamba ngaphambili eccentric kwaye wajongana nabantu. Kumdibaniso, apho wasebenza khona, kwakunzima ukunxulumana nabantu osebenza nabo. Inzululwazi eyahlukileyo nekratshiyo kwaye ikratshi yavalwa kuye.
Wabuyela kwindawo yoluntu yesayensi kwaye wasebenza kwiminyaka engama-30 kuphela kamva, egungqa nokugula aze asindise kwimo entle.
Ngo-66, ngo-1994, i-American Americal I-Americal inamabhaso eNobel. Kodwa khange bavumele intetho yendabuko kwiYunivesithi yaseStockholm, woyika impilo ebuthathaka yenzululwazi. Endaweni yoko, i-nash yavunyelwa kubaphulaphuli beyunivesithi yakudala yaseSweden - i-Uppalsky, apho uJohn Arbes wenza intetho kwi-cosmology.
Ngo-2001, i-Nobel Laureate yabuyela eofisini yakhe kwiYunivesithi yasePrinceton, apho wayephupha khona mathematics kwakhona.
Ngo-2008, "ischizophdic enkulu", njengoko kwathiwa nguHasha emehlweni, wabona kwaye weva eRussia. Kwinkomfa yeHlabathi, ebanjelwe kwiindonga zeDyunivesithi yaseSt. Petersburg, wenza intetho ngemali efanelekileyo neyomoya.
Kwaye ngo-2015, isayensi yaba ngowokuqala emhlabeni, kwaye uNobel, kunye ne-Abelian aby babekwibhanki yakhe ye-pigram ngegalelo lakhe kwisayensi. I-nash yokugqibela yanikezelwa kuphuhliso lwethiyori ye-nodialical umahluko.
Imisebenzi yemathematics enobuchule iyafunda kwihlabathi liphela. Iincwadi zakhe ziyimisebenzi esisiseko "Ingxaki yokuthengisa" kunye "nemidlalo ye-neiperative" - i-desktop yemathematics yaseMelika, eYurophu neAsia. Ukuqala ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1970, i-Yohash Neash ithiyori yamkelwa njengesiseko soqoqosho lovavanyo. Kwaye iikowuti zinobulumko njengentlekisa.
Ukusuka kwimpumelelo yesayensi yegesi yengcinga yemathematics, ezimbini zazibaluleke kakhulu: Ithiyori yemidlalo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwifomula yezopolitiko kunye nezenzululwazi, kunye ne-comula yentlalo, ezilandela ukuba zitshintshile ukuba zitshintshile isigqibo.
Ukukhangela kwenyani ngenyaniso kunye nomzabalazo omkhulu we-Nobel Laurete ngesifo wabhala intatheli uSilvia Nazar. Incwadi yakhe yakhuselwa ngumlawuli weHollywood How, obizwa ngokuba yi-movie "yengqondo". I-Nash kwifilimu idlalwe i-russell crow.
Ubomi Buqu
Amava okuqala olwalamano lothando, okwenzekileyo kwi-nash ebutsheni bakhe, yayikrakra. Umongikazi oneminyaka engama-30 ubudala u-Leooner Styra wakhulelwa uJohn oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala. Kodwa i-nash, ekufundeni ngomntwana, wala ukumnika igama lakhe waza wathi le bhinqa aliyi kulinda inkxaso, okanye ilungelo lomntwana.Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyAmazibulo-unyana kaJohn David - wavela ngo-1953. Igama lokugqibela Umama lanika umntwana wakhe - isitayile. Ubuntwana benkwenkwana yadlula kwindawo yokuhlala, kuba i-leonor yayicinezelwe kakhulu kwindlela.
Phinda uzame ukumisela ubomi bakho buqu baphumelela kakhulu. Ngo-1957, iMathematicaicaica itshatele umfundi we-physics ovela kwi-salvador Alicia lard. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, unyana wazalwa, owanikwa nguJohn Charle Martin. Kwabantwana babini kuphela wafumana igama likaYise. Inzala yesibini ihamba emanyathelweni yabazali-izazinzulu ngokukhetha imathematics kuzo zonke iiSayensi.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNangona kunjalo, unyana ongekho mthethweni wemathematics engalunganga akazange abe nobuntwana obonwabileyo. Ngenxa yesifo esibonakaliswe ngumntu, wayenganikwanga igama - umfazi walinda ukubuya kwendoda yakhe ukusuka kwisibhedlele sengqondo. Xa igqwetha lenze isicatshulwa, amaqabane ashiyekileyo eYurophu, eshiya unyana omncinci kunye nogogo.
Ebutsheni be-1961, i-Alicia ephelile i-alicia yahlukana nomyeni wayo, ngaphandle kwengxaki kwaye iqhinga. Unyana waphakamisa. Ngelishwa, isifo sikayise safuduselwa kuye. Ngeminyaka yee-1970, ibhinqa, ibhinqeni kukuzisola kwaye yaqonda ukuba umyeni ogulayo, wabuyela kuYohane. Ngaphezulu abaze bahlukane.
Isifo nokufa
Okwesihlandlo sokuqala, esi sifo savakalisa xa iMathematics ijonge i-30. Oogqirha babeka isifo sokudakumba - iparanoid schizophrenia. Inkosikazi yafihlakala ixesha elithile kubahlobo kunye nentlekele yosapho oluqhelekileyo, ezama ukusindisa ilungelo lomlinganiso weqabane, kodwa isilitho saqhubeka, kwaye kwafuneka anyanzele uJohn kwikliniki yabucala yeBoston. Kwi-1959 ye-1959th, eyabizwa ngokuba yi-anych enyuka inkanyezi yemathematics, ilahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wayo.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyEmva kweentsuku ezingama-50 zokunyangwa kunyango kwaye uphume ekliniki, amaqabane ashiye ilizwe. UJohn Nash wazama ukufumana imeko yembacu yezopolitiko eYurophu, kodwa abasemagunyeni bakufezekise ukugxothwa kwilizwe labo. EMelika, esi sifo sibonisa ukuba ngamandla amatsha. Inzululwazi yayiphethwe luloyiko kunye neendlela eziphicothiweyo, wambiza ukuba eze kuye kunye noogxa bakhe, ixesha elicaphukisayo lithetha ngezinto zepolitiki kunye nenani lezopolitiko.
Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1960s, iMathematics idlula ikhosi yonyango, kodwa kwakungekho mpembelelo. Oogxa abasebenza nabo bahlawula iiseshoni ze-nash kugqirha wezengqondo, kwaye wagxotha isiguli. Ukuphuculwa kwethutyana kuthathelwe indawo yirejista xa uYohane wayeka ukuthatha iipilisi, esoyika ukwenzakalisa umsebenzi wengqondo.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyUkuphuculwa okubonakalayo kwizinto ezisebenzayo zodidi oluphawulwe ngo-1980s. Inzululwazi ikwazile ukuze yoyise iimpawu kwaye ibuyele emsebenzini. Emva kwexesha wabhala:
"Ndicinga ukuba, ukuba unqwenela ukususa isigulo sengqondo, kufuneka, akukho mntu unethemba, sibeke usukelo olukhulu wena. Iingcali zengqondo zifuna ukuhlala kwishishini. "IMathematics isweleke ngentwasahlobo yango-2015 eneminyaka engama-86. Unobangela wokufa kwakhe nomfazi wakhe uAlicia baba yingozi yemoto, apho amaqabane angena kwijezi entsha. Baqhuba bangena kwiteksi ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa amabhanti esihlalo. Xa ukungqubana kwabaleka ngaphandle kwemoto. Oogqirha bashiyelela ekufeni.