Taariikh nololeed
Alexander Sokurov - agaasime, qoraa, jilaa, ku-bar-waafaysa shineemada Ruushka iyo shaqaalaha dowladeed. Magaca qofkan kartida leh ee go'aanka ah go'aanka Akadeemiyada Filimka Yurub waxaa lagu daray liiska agaasimaha ugu fiican ee shineemada adduunka.Caruurnimada iyo dhalinyarada
Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu ku dhashay Juun 14, 1951 gobolka Irkutsk, oo ku taal tuulo yar oo Podorvikh ah. Laakiin hadda aagga dalagga, halkaas oo dhulku uu hodan ku ahaa baradhada iyo khudradda, oo aan laga helin khariidadda Ruushka, maxaa yeelay 20056 Tuulada iyo saldhigga ayaa daadadku ka dhacay markii ay buuxiyeen kaydka Irkutsk.
Sokurov wuxuu koray oo ka soo baxay qoyska hore ee wararka. Agaasimaha Pope - kaqeybgalayaasha Dagaalkii Wadada weyn, oo ku xusan dagaalka goobta dagaalka agtiisa. Sababta oo ah xaqiiqda ah in Alexander Nikololevich aabihiis uu ahaa nin militari ah, qoyska Sokurov ayaa inta badan laga soo guuray meel ilaa meel. Sidaa darteed, mustaqbalka shayemka ee mustaqbalka ayaa bilaabay inuu fahmo diblooma ee Jamhuuriyadda Dadweynaha, wuxuuna helay shahaadada waxbarashada dugsiga sare ee Sunny ee Turkennistan.
Ka dib markii uu ka qalin jabiyay iskuulka, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa wuxuu sii waday waxbarashada, sanadkii 1968 doolashiisa ayaa ku dhacay Jaamacadda Girky ee Girky, oo ku sugnaa Nizhny Bovgod. Sokurov wuxuu noqday arday kuliyadda taariikhiga ah, 1974 wuxuu helay diblooma. Laga yaabee in Alexander Nikolaevich uu noqon lahaa macalin weyn oo ardayda u sheegaya siyaasada Ivan ee Ivan The State, oo ku saabsan istiraatiijiyaddii Madowga ee Nicholas II, oo ku saabsan istiraatiijiyaddii Stalin ee Nicholas II.
Alexander wuxuu go'aansaday inuu la xiriiro nolosha filimka, sidaa darteed 1975 wuxuu galay Vgik. Halkaas, ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa wuxuu bilaabay inuu ka soo qeyb galo aqoon-isweydaarsiga hal abuurka iyo filimada caanka ah ee hoggaanka Alexander ee Alexander Mikhailovich Zguridi, halkaas oo uu kula kulmay saaxiibkiis yuri Abramov.
Sokurov wuxuu ahaa arday karti leh, sidaa darteed waa uu ku faraxsan yahay waalidiinta leh shan buugga amaahda, kaas oo lagu siiyay deeqda waxbarasho ee Sergei Eisenstein. Taladii aan la xiriirin iyo Cuusition-ka ayaa ka caawiyay Alexander Nikolayevich inuu ka gudbo imtixaanaadka si uu uga gudbo imtixaannada dibedda oo ka qalin-jabiyay VGIK sannad ka hor markii ugu dambeysay. Laakiin talaabada noocan oo kale ah, agaasimaha mustaqbalka ma uusan gaarin rabitaankiisa, laakiin khilaafka sii kordhaya ee ku saleysan qaab-dhismeedka. Sidoo kale, mustaqbalka filimka Genius waxaa lagu eedeeyay inuu ka hortago dareenka anti-soviet.
Afuufa
Asal ahaan, Alexander Nikololayevich wuxuu ku dhaqmay xirfad agaasime, isagoo ka saaraya fiidiyowga gaagaaban. Shaqada ugu hoyday ee Sokurtov mitirka buuxa ayaa filimka loo yeedhay "Dountal Count", oo ku saleysan shaqooyinka Andrei Planov. Waxaa laga saaray 1978, hoggaanka machadka ma uusan oggolaan oo lagu dhiirigeliyay inay baabi'iyaan. Sawirka waxaa badbaadiyey hawlwadeenka reer Sergey Yizditsky, oo bedelay filimka iyo soo qaadida asalka, si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay sugeysay 9 sano oo kale.Waxaa xusid mudan in filimka, oo rabay inuu meesha ka saaro, uu noqday magacaabista iyo bilalisyada dhowr dabaal ah oo filim ah. Waxaa xusid mudan in shaqadii ugu horreysay ee ay ka shaqeyso ee Alexander Sokurov uu ka helay Jawaab-celin ah oo ka soo baxay guluuneedka ee Cinsama ee Ruushka ee Andrei Tarkice, oo markii dambe taageeray saaxiib la timid ah. Wuxuu rumeysan yahay in Sokuurova uu lahaa waxyaabo qalaad, oo aan la fahmi karin, xitaa doqonnimo, aan la fahmi karin, qarsoodi ah. Laakiin in kasta oo ay taasi jirto, oo loo yaqaan Agaasimaha Genius.
Marka xigta, nin dhalinyaro ah ayaa rabay inuu la mid noqdo nolosha MOSFILM, laakiin xaaladiisa shaqo ayaa la diyaarin. Sidaa darteed, doorashada Sokurtov ayaa ku dhacday Lenfilm. Talobixinta Tarkovsky waxaa lagu duubay halkaas 1980. Sanadkii 1981, Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu noqday agaasimaha baahinta naxdinta leh "Dmitry Shostakovich. Alteto sonata, "oo ka sheekaysanaya meydka hiddo-wadaha iyo ku saabsan masiirka naxdinta leh ee farshaxanka aan la aqoonin.
Sanadkii 1986, dhagaystayaashu waxay arkeen cajalad aad u badan ee Sokurtov "calool xumo" iyadoo Allsa Osipenko, Irina Socolova iyo Vladimir Zamssky ee doorarka sare. Filimku waa la qabsiga ciyaarista riwaayadaha Bernard Shaw "guryo ay qalbiga ka jabaan."
Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu noqday qoraaga filimyada gaagaaban "dhibanaha fiidkii", kaas oo helay abaalmarinta dhaqamada caalamiga ah ee ku saabsan qabatinka 15-ka MMKF iyo abaalmarinta gaarka ah ee xusuusta ee Andrei Tarkovsky. Laakiin filimkan ayaa sidoo kale tegey shaashadda iyagoo daahida saddex sano ah.
Ma ahan wax la yaab leh in shaqadiisa Alexander Nikololayevich ay ku xirnaayeen dhaleeceyn, maadaama shaqadiisu ay si aad ah loogu kala soocay doorbidista goskino iyo hay'adaha dawladda: ilaa dhamaadka 1980-yadii aan la dhigin howshaas.
Sababtaas awgeed, Tarkovsky waxay abaabushay jaalle ka tagay dibedda, laakiin Sokurov ayaa diiday ballaarinta Hollywood, maxaa yeelay, in kasta oo ay dulmiga ka soo hartay mas'uuliyiinta, oo ay ku hayaan waddaniyad, oo ay sharaf ku tahay Ruushka, dhalashadiisa iyo dhaqankiisa. Dabayaaqadii 1980-meeyadii, xaaladdu way is beddeshay: filim aan helin alaabooyin la duubay ayaa la muujiyey dhagaystayaal balaaran oo matalaya Russia noocyada nooc kasta oo ciidaha ah.
Filim uu duubay sorurual ku saleysan shaqada Arcadia iyo Boris Stragatky filim "Eclipsen" ayaa gashay liiska 100ka filimaan ee ugu wanaagsan taariikhda filimka gudaha sida ku xusan Gild ee dhaleeceynta filimka ee Russia.
Sannadkii 1994, Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu u soo bandhigay shacabka riwaayadaha jira "bogagga aamusan", halkaasoo Alexander Chah Charpels uu ciyaaray iyo Sergeyga Inckovsky. Cajaladdani waxay ahayd nooc fasiraad ah oo fasiraad ah oo ka mid ah Shubacadii Prosiikov ee Ruushka ee qarnigii XIX. Shirqoolka ayaa salka ku haya Roman F. M. Dostoreyvsky "dambiga iyo ciqaabta". Agaasimaha filimka ayaa isku dayay inuu ku celiyo jawiga, kaas oo lagu dhejiyay buugga Fyodor Mikhaich.
Qarnigii cusubi wuxuu ka bilaabay sayid tayo leh oo ka socota filim dukumiinti ah oo ku saabsan nolosha iyo hal-abuurka qoraaga reer Japan Tosio Simao. Waxaa xusid mudan in sawirkan la duubay iyada oo loo adeegsado amarrada telefishanka telefishanka ee qorraxda soo baxaya.
"Moloch", oo la daabacay 1999, wuxuu noqday cajaladdii ugu horraysay ee waxa loogu yeero "Tetralogy ee awoodda" - taxanaha sokorov ee ku saabsan wakiilada ifaya ee jawiga siyaasadeed ee jawiga siyaasadeed ee waqtigooda. Qeybta hore, Adolf Hitler, wuxuu ku dhejiyey qaabkii Leonad Mozrekov, wuxuu noqday dabeecada ugu weyn. Filimka, oo lagu daabacay Jarmalka, si loogu tiirsanaado weyn ayaa laga duubay gurigiisu aad u sarreeya xagaagii ee Hitler - KelShaus.
Sii wadista Tetroogogy ee sanadkii 2000 wuxuu ahaa riwaayad "Taurus". Doorka ugu weyn ee waqtigan waxaa loo aaday Leonad Mozpoy - wuxuu ciyaaray Vladimir Vicich Lenin sanadkiisii ugu dambeeyay noloshiisa. Sawirka ayaa helay abaalmarinta Nika ee 7 magacaabid, oo ay ku jiraan shaqada agaasimaha ugu fiican. Filimka soo socda ee taxanaha loo yaqaan "Sun" ee Sokur wuxuu u go'ay Emperor ee reer Japan Hirohito.
Mashruuca tijaabada ah ee agaasimuhu wuxuu ahaa xargaha taariikhda taariikhda xilliga jiilaalka "Sanduuqa Ruushka", oo uu ka duubay hal labo oo aan la isticmaalin tafatirka.
Sannadkii 2009, Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu ka farxiyay taageerayaasha hal-abuurnimadiisa oo leh filim dokumenti ah ", oo Oleg Basilashvili, Olga Antonova iyo Ivan Krafko.
Dhacdo muhiim ah ayaa ahaa furitaanka aqoon isweydaarsiga sokorowon, marka ugu horreysa ee Waaxda Ceemadeena iyo Telefishanka KBSU ee Nalchik, ka dibna ku taal machadka St. Petersburg ee St Petersburg iyo telefishanka.
Waxaa waxyooday shaqada Johann Wolfgang Von Gothe, oo ah agaasimaha ayaa meesha ka saaray, 4-tii dambe ee TetroogoGy - Fantasy Rima "Faust". Sawirkan waxaa lasiiyay dhowr khidmad oo sharaf leh, oo ahaa "libaax dahab ah".
Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu dib u buuxiyay filimka filimada ee Francofoony ee Franceonony ee France, Jarmalka iyo filimada filimka Nederland. Sanadkii 2015, sayidku wuxuu ku soo bandhigay xafladaha filimka Venice ee ay weheliso Catherine Mtsituruidze. Qaabka dhaqdhaqaaqa, cajaladda sokorov laftiisa ayaa ka hadlay sheekada.
Sanadkii 2018, agaasimuhu wuxuu xubin ka noqday filimka dokumentiga ah "Hillaac lagu garaacay geed weyn", oo u hibeeya sannad-guuradii 100aad ee dhalashadii uu dhashey dhashey dhalasho Ruush ah Alexander Solzhenitsyne.
Booska dadweynaha
Alexander Nikolaevich ayaa had iyo jeer lagu kala soocay booska dadweynaha ee loogu dhawaaqayo, wareysi, si daacad ah ayuu u sheegay inuu yahay ganacsi uu ugu jecel yahay iyo aragtidiisa ku saabsan siyaasadda ama bulshada dibada iyo bulshada.
Waxaan aaminsanahay in xaalada Ruushka laga badali karo kor. Oo way fiicnaan laheyd in laga bilaabo dusha, haddii qof qaba barnaamij bani'aadminimo oo gabi ahaanba ah, gabi ahaanba miyirka bina-aadamnimada uu noqdo madaxa dowlada, "Sokurov ayaa sheegay in wariyaha Fonthanka.Intaas waxaa sii dheer, Alexander Nikolaevich wuxuu ka hadlay khilaafka ay la leedahay Ukraine: Fikradiisa, ee, Yukreeniyaan waa dad gaar ah oo xaq u leh inay dalbadaan dowlad gooni ah.
Sanadkii 2018, Sokurov wuxuu xubin ka ahaa Golaha ee uu ka tirsan yahay Madaxweynaha Xiriirka Ruushka ee horumarinta bulshada bulshada rayidka ah iyo xuquuqda aadanaha.
Agaasimaha, oo ay weheliso Vladimir Spiimir Spivakov iyo Theodore Kurtanzis iyo The Pladimir Kurtanzis iyo The Pladimir Kurtanzis iyo Boartan Grebbips iyo tirooyin kale oo dhaqameed ah
Nolol shaqsiyeed
Nolosha shaqsiyeed ee Alexander Sokurov wuxuu la mid yahay buugga toddobada shaabadood. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in agaasimuhu uu weli yahay bachelor mandabado ah, isaga oo mustaqbal ku haya filim sameeye markii ugu horeysay, halkii uu ka ahayn xaaska iyo caruurta.Waxaa la ogsoon yahay in miraha la mamnuucay uu macaan yahay. Sidaa darteed, booska gaarka ah ee kubada cagta ah ayaa ku hagaajinaya warbaahinta. Mar keliya, warka waxaa toogtay cinwaanno la sheegay in la beero ay si qarsoodi ah ula kulmayaan xaasasyada agaasimayaasha kale iyo maalgaliyayaasha hodanka ah. Laakiin wararka xanta ah ee saxaafadda jaalaha ahi ma aysan lahayn xaqiijin lagu kalsoon yahay.
Sawirro leh gabdhaha oo leh gabdhaha waaweyn ee ka muuqda daabacaadaha ayaa kaliya xaqiijinaya in caanka ah ay weheliso qaddarka dumarka oo keliya - saaxiibo ku saabsan aqoon isweydaarsiga.
Alexander Sokur hadda
Hadda agaasimuhu wali dan kama ahan shineemada iyo tijaabooyin kala duwan oo hal abuur leh oo ka jira aaggan.
Sanadkii 2021, hooyadeed waxay xustay sanad-guurada, Alexander Nikololevich 70 sano ayuu jiray. Xiriir la leh taariikhda la yiraahdo, daabacaado badan ayaa soo saaray maqaallo u heellan agaasimaha, Jubilee ayaa wareysi la siiyay Heugaya Gazeta. Sokurtov wuxuu ka hadlay sanadihii uu ku jiray qaab dhismeedka xirfadda, oo ay ku jiraan xiriir adag oo lala yeesho KGB iyo halganka is-hubinta ee xaaladaha faafreebka adag.
Alexander Nikolaevich ayaa muujiyay oo ku khilaafsan howlaha wasaaradda dhaqanka, wuxuu qaba yahay in waaxdani muddo dheer ahayd mas'uuliyado toos ah, oo ah horumarinta warshadaha.
Nin duug ah
- 1980 - "hoos u dhac"
- 1986 - "ampir"
- 1988 - "Maalmaha Eclipse"
- 1990 - "goobaabinkii labaad"
- 1992 - "dhagaxa"
- 1994 - "Bogagga Degan"
- 1997 - "Hooyo iyo Wiil"
- 1999 - "Moloch"
- 2001 - "Taurus"
- 2002 - "ruushka ark"
- 2003 - "Aabe iyo wiil"
- 2005 - "Sun"
- 2007 - "Alexander"
- 2011 - "Faust"
- 2015 - "Francohonia"
Baybalka
- 2011 - "Bartamaha badda"